Netizens-Digest Volume 1 Number 329

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Netizens Digest

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Netizens-Digest       Thursday, August 12 1999       Volume 01 : Number 329 

Netizens Association Discussion List Digest 

In this issue: 

       [netz] Message of Solidarity: Same situation in Belgrade and Berkeley 
       [netz] Re: [IFWP] News 
       [netz] The twenty enemies of the Internet (France) 

---------------------------------------------------------------------- 

Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999 23:47:27 -0400 (EDT) 
From: Jay Hauben <jay@dorsai.org> 
Subject: [netz] Message of Solidarity: Same situation in Belgrade and Berkeley 

Recently the Pacifica Board closed down for a time station KPFA in Berkeley,  
Calif claiming that broardcasters on KPFA violated a gag rule prohibiting 
the broadcasters from commenting on air about problems between KPFA staff 
and the Pacifica Board. Members of the Yugoslavian radio station B92/Free B92 
issued the following message of solidarity. (WBAI in NYC like KPFA is a 
member of the Pacifia Network. There was a rumor that Pacifica which is 
almost 50 years old and the strongest independent radio network in the USA 
was considering selling WBAI and other stations perhaps to corporate media 
giants.) 

> 
>Message of solidarity from Radio B92/Free B92 and the 
>Association of Independent Electronic Media in Yugoslavia to 
>Radio KPFA, Berkeley, and Radio WBAI, New York. 
> 
> 
> 
>BELGRADE, July 28 - Radio B92, a banned independent radio 
>station in Belgrade, Yugoslavia,expresses solidarity with 
>the threatened stations in the Pacifica network - KPFA and 
>WBAI. 
> 
>Despite your local character, over the past decade you have 
>presented to stations around the world a model for freedom 
>of speech and the unhindered availability of information. By 
>supporting civil activism, peace movements and ethnic 
>tolerance as well as various progressive local initiatives, 
>you have been the quintessential community radio stations. 
>As the oldest American local stations you have shown that 
>despite media monopolies and manipulations it is possible to 
>preserve a spirit of tolerance, freedom and truth and to 
>allow dissenting voices to be heard. 
> 
>Your struggle to preserve your autonomy in the growing 
>conflict with  your owner has revealed an unexpected 
>similarity between the media in the US and Serbia today, the 
>freedom of speech is being stifled in a similar manner, 
>journalists are being persecuted and intimidated and 
>progressive radio stations are prevented from operating. The 
>similarity of the media situation in our two nations, which 
>differ in many things, demonstrates that the character of 
>media repression is virtually the same under openly 
>totalitarian dictatorships as it is under democratic systems 
>which are increasingly influenced by conservative 
>structures. 
> 
>The examples of Radio B92, Radio WBAI and Radio KPFA show 
>that freedom and democracy are universal ideals which must 
>constantly be protected throughout the world regardless of 
>the political system and social order of particular 
>countries. 
> 
>Radio B92 condemns in the strictest terms the repression and 
>exertion of force against the staff of Radio KPFA and Radio 
>WBAI and their listeners. 
> 
>We therefore join the protests against the attempts to 
>control your work. 
> 
>We wish you the strength to persevere in your struggle for 
>the freedom of speech, truth, and the preservation of your 
>authenticity. 
> 
>Long live freedom of speech! And down with media repression 
>which knows no ideological or national boundaries, either in 
>Berkeley or in Belgrade. 
> 
>Jointly, 
> 
>Free B92 and ANEM Belgrade, Yugoslavia 
> 
>July 28, 1999 
> 
> 
> 
> 
>Poruka solidarnosti Free B92/Radio B92 i Asocijacije 
>nezavisnih elektronskih medija iz Jugoslavije radio 
>stanicama KPFA iz Berkeleya i WBAI iz New York. 
> 
>BEOGRAD, 28.jul - Radio B92, nezavisna radio stanica iz 
>Beograda -  Jugoslavija ciji je rad zabranjen, izrazava 
>svoju solidarnost sa ugrozenim stanicama Pacifica mreze - 
>KPFA i WBAI. 
> 
>Uprkos tome sto ste prevashodno lokalnog karaktera, tokom 
>protekle decenije, vi ste pruzili stanicama sirom sveta 
>jedan model slobode izrazavanja i neometanog pristupa 
>informacijama. Podrzavajuci gradjanske akcije, mirovne 
>pokrete i etnicku toleranciju kao i razne progresivne 
>lokalne inicijative vi ste predstavljali jednu pravu radio 
>mrezu lokalnih zajednica. Kao mreza najstarijih americkih 
>lokalnih stanica pokazali ste da je moguce, uprkos medijskim 
>monopolima i manipulacijama, ocuvati duh tolerancije, 
>slobode i istine i omoguciti ljudima sa drugacijim stavovima 
>da se oglase. 
> 
>Vasa borba za ocuvanje vase autonomije u okviru narastujuceg 
>sukoba sa ideologijom vasih vlasnika je razotkrila 
>neocekivanu slicnost izmedju medija u SAD i Srbiji danas - 
>sloboda govora se gusi na slican nacin, novinari se progone 
>i koristi se taktika zaplasivanja, a liberalne radio stanice 
>se ometaju u svojim uobicajenim aktivnostima. Slicnost 
>medijske situacije u nasim dvema zemljama, koje se inace 
>razlikuju u svemu ostalom, ukazuje da je karakter medijske 
>represije u sustini isti pod neskriveno totalitarnim 
>diktaturama kao u okviru demokratski uredjenih drustava na 
>koja sve vise uticu konzervativne strukture. 
> 
>Primeri Radija B92, Radija WBAI i Radija KPFA dokazuju da su 
>sloboda i demokratija univerzalne ideje koje se moraju 
>stalno stititi sirom sveta bez obzira na politicko i 
>drustveno uredjenje pojedinih zemalja. 
> 
>Radio B92 najenergicnije osudjuje represiju i primenu sile 
>protiv osoblja Radio KPFA i Radio WBAI  i njihovih 
>slusalaca. Stoga se pridruzujemo protestima protiv pokusaja 
>da se kontrolise vas rad. Zelimo da imate snage i 
>istrajnosti u vasoj borbi za slobodu govora, istinu i 
>ocuvanje vase autenticnosti. 
> 
>Za slobodu govora! Dole sa medijskom represijom koja ne 
>poznaje ideoloske ili nacionalne granice, bilo u Berkliju 
>ili u Beogradu. 
> 
> 
>Free B92 i ANEM Beograd, Jugoslavija 
> 
>22. jul, 1999. godine 
> 
>=========================================================== 
>B92press-l is a closed mailinglist used by Radio B2-92 from 
>Belgrade to distribute announcements and press releases. The 
>traffic on this list is low and posting by subscribers is 
>not possible. More information on B2-92 can be found at 
>http://www.freeb92.net 
> 

------------------------------ 

Date: Thu, 12 Aug 1999 08:10:53 -0400 (EDT) 
From: Ronda Hauben <ronda@panix.com> 
Subject: [netz] Re: [IFWP] News 

Gordon Cook <cook@cookreport.com> wrote: 
>Nick Patience wrote: 

>If they want a comment from me they can cut and paste jay fenellos  
>first internet civil way item in the comment space,  or they can have  
>the following from an earlier private message this morning.  As you  
>know Nick, this issue is bloody complicated and not amenable to the  
>simplistic treatment barret would like to whitewash it with. 

Actually the issue isn't "complicated" it's just that it has 
to be treated openly and honestly and with a studied approach. 

The problem is more that control over the Internet is at stake 
and thus there are those interests out to grab for themselves 
all they can get, rather than having any concern with the 
Internet and its users. 

The real issue underlying all this is that the essential functions 
of the Internet like the domain name system, IP numbers, protocols, 
etc are just those functions, that not only are a form of  
centralized control over the Internet and its users, they are 
also just those functions that are crucial to the scaling and  
growth of the Internet. They need to be handled with the greatest 
protection and scientific judgement, rather than by any of the  
conflict of interest maneuvers of the so called "market". 

They have been under the control of the public and that's where they 
belong. ICANN is *not* the public, but an ill conceived and  
fraudulent entity created to take ownership and control of 
these essential functions away from the public and to put 
it into the hands of an irresponsible entity. 

The essential functions of the Internet have to be under the 
ownership and control of a public entity, and one where the  
scientific concerns for the functioning of the Internet are 
in control, rather than some short term private interest  
concerns. 

 
>comment 

>if the internet is to be homogenized or globalized under uniform laws  
>and controls, let it be done openly and honestly and NOT under the  
>guise of setting up ICANN to bring competition into dns and protect  
>us from evil NSI...... although I must say i have become almost as  
>disgusted with the absence of apparent leadership from Jim Rutt at  
>NSI as with Esther and Mike. 

The Internet needs standards to function - so to talk about it  
being "homogenized or globalized" fails to look at what makes 
it possible for it to function.  

According to such views, it would have been impossible to have 
ever created the Internet. But it wasn't *impossible* at all. 

And the Internet spread. So there are principles that the Internet 
represents and helps spread that are the kind of principles that 
are needed, and they aren't "uniform laws and controls".  

But these have to do with the Internet primarily as a communication 
medium, and with other functions such as commerce, or education, 
or medical uses all in the framework of it as a communication 
medium. 

To spread the Internet, it is crucial that its general nature 
be kept primary. Those trying to end the Internet and instead 
substitute substitute some so called "commerce net" in its 
place or telephone system in its place, will run up against 
lots of difficulties as they will have lost the thrust of  
the basic functionality as a communication medium, which makes 
it possible to spread and grow the Internet. 

>and PS the image of DoC beating people up with the white paper is  
>just too funny for words since when this lands in court commerce will  
>be shown to have been acting without legal authority. 

The NSF could involve the commerce dept in the administration 
of the Internet but *not* give away its authority to the commerce 
dept.  

The White Paper is without authority, because the Internet is *not* 
something belonging to the world of e-commerce. It is a communication 
medium, and the White paper ignored that. 

I agree with Gordon that the commerce dept has been acting without 
authority in all it is doing.  

Congress has frequently asked them under what authority they are 
acting. All they have given is the authority of the NSF to function 
with other departments of govt. Or they have given the law that 
lets them write contracts. But none of this is the authority for 
them to give away something that is public. 

The Office of Inspector General of the NSF stated the authority 
that the NSF had for its oversight of the domain name system. 

That was a legitimate basis. There has been no such statement 
by the Dept of Commerce despite the repeated request by  
Congress. 

At the July 22 hearing in Congress, one of the Congressmen asked 
if the Congress had to suspend the authorization of the NTIA 
because of their abuse with what is happening in this situation. 

And Becky Burr wouldn't testify, but she had the lawyer for 
the Commerce Dept testify instead. 

And when asked by a Congressman why they hadn't anticipated 
the problems in setting up ICANN, such as the fact of no 
way to fund it that is legitimate, there was no response. 

 
>At 12:46 PM -0400 8/11/99, Nick Patience wrote: 
>>There is a comment option on the site, I'm surprised it's still empty :) 
> 
>>http://www.zdnet.com/tlkbck/comment/321/0,7091,68185-new,00.html 

The article merely tried to gain sympathy for Esther Dyson's 
lack of any honesty or concern for the Internet in the role 
she is playing. 

>> >>>http://www.zdnet.com/intweek/stories/news/0,4164,2311649,00.html 

 
Ronda 
ronda@panix.com 

 

             Netizens: On the History and Impact 
               of Usenet and the Internet 
          http://www.columbia.edu/~hauben/netbook/ 
            in print edition ISBN 0-8186-7706-6  

------------------------------ 

Date: Thu, 12 Aug 1999 22:53:27 
From: John Walker <jwalker@networx.on.ca> 
Subject: [netz] The twenty enemies of the Internet (France) 

Registrations for the On-line Learning Series of Courses are now 
being accepted. All courses are delivered by e-mail, are two to 
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Information is available at: 

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Start date for all courses: 1 September 1999 

The following is an excerpt from the CSS Internet News. If you are 
going to pass this along to other Netizens please ensure that the 
complete message is forwarded with all attributes intact.  

- -------------------- 

The twenty enemies of the Internet (France) 

Press Release - 9 August 1999 
http://www.rsf.fr/uk/alaune/ennemisweb.html 

Forty-five countries restrict their citizens' access to the internet 
- - usually by forcing them to subscribe to a state-run Internet 
Service Provider (ISP). Twenty of these countries may be described as 
real enemies of this new means of communication. On the pretext of 
protecting the public from "subversive ideas" or defending "national 
security and unity", some governments totally prevent their citizens 
from gaining access to the internet. Others control a single ISP or 
even several, installing filters blocking access to web sites 
regarded as unsuitable and sometimes forcing users to officially 
register with the authorities. 

The internet is a two-edged sword for authoritarian regimes. On the 
one hand, it enables any citizen to enjoy an unprecedented degree of 
freedom of speech and therefore constitutes a threat to the 
government. On the other, however, the internet is a major factor in 
economic growth, due in particular to online trade and the exchange 
of technical and scientific information, which prompts some of these 
governments to support its spread. The economic argument seems to be 
winning the day in countries such as Malaysia and Singapore, where 
controlling "dangerous" sites is proving difficult for the 
authorities. Moreover, web surfers can find ways round censorship: 
encoding, going through servers that offer anonymity when consulting 
banned sites or sending email, connecting via GSM telephones and 
cellphones, and so on. 

Reporters Sans Frontières has selected 20 countries that it regards 
as enemies of the internet because they control access totally or 
partially, have censored web sites or taken action against users. 
They are: the countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus (Azerbaijan, 
Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan), 
Belarus, Burma, China, Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Saudi 
Arabia, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia and Vietnam. 

Belarus 

In line with its repressive attitude towards other media, Alexander 
Lukashenka's government does not leave its citizens free to explore 
the internet independently. Access is supplied by a single ISP, 
Belpak, which belongs to the state. 

Burma 

Censorship is total, due to a state monopoly on access. In addition, 
a law passed in September 1996 obliges anyone who owns a computer to 
declare it to the government. Those who fail to comply may face up 
to 15 years in prison. 

Central Asia and the Caucasus 

In most of these countries, the authorities control or restrict 
internet access. In Tajikistan, a single ISP, Telecom Technologies, 
owned by the government, offers web access - and only in the 
capital, Dushanbe.  

Turkmenistan, a "black hole" where information is concerned, offers 
even more restricted access. Although there are privately owned ISPs 
in Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan, their operations are controlled by the 
telecommunications ministry, which is responsible for chastising 
those who speak out against the government. In Kazakhstan, and to a 
lesser extent in Kirghizia, the authorities demand prohibitively 
expensive usage and connection fees from private ISPs. 

China 

Although internet use is spreading rapidly, the government is trying 
to keep up pressure on users. They are closely monitored and are 
supposed to register with the authorities. In January 1999 a 
computer technician, Lin Hai, was sentenced to two years in prison by 
a Shanghai court for giving the email addresses of 30,000 Chinese 
subscribers to a dissident site that publishes an online magazine 
from the United States. Meanwhile officials fearing disturbances as 
the tenth anniversary of the Tiananmen massacre (4 June 1999) drew 
near ordered the closure of 300 cybercafe's in Shanghai, on the 
pretext that they did not have the necessary authorisation. 

In order to prevent the Chinese from finding information on the web, 
the authorities have blocked access to some sites. This happened to 
the BBC in October 1998. Zhang Weiguo, editor of the New Century Net 
(www.ncn.org) site, in Chinese, launched in the United States in 
1996, estimates that it takes two months on average for the Chinese 
authorities to track down the relay server of a site and block 
access to it. The sites then change their address. Some censored 
pages are distributed by email, like underground newspapers that are 
photocopied and passed around secretly. 

Cuba 

The government controls the internet, just as it does other media. 
There is no free expression in Cuba at national level. About ten 
independent - and illegal - news agencies such as Cubanet and Cuba 
Free Press telephone reports to organisations based in Miami which 
publish them on their web pages. But this news is still the subject 
of repression: in October 1998, a foreign ministry official filed a 
complaint for "insult" against Mario Viera, of the independent 
agency Cuba Verdad, following publication of an article criticising 
him on the US-based Cubanet site.  

The journalist is still awaiting trial, and faces an 18-month prison 
sentence if convicted. 

Iran 

Censorship of the internet is identical to that affecting other 
media and covers the same subjects: sexuality, religion, criticism of 
the Islamic Republic, any mention of Israel, the United States, and 
so on. Because of the filters put in place by the authorities, access 
to some sites is banned: medical students are denied access to web 
pages that deal with anatomy, for instance. 

Iraq 

People in Baghdad have no direct access to the internet. Web sites 
of the official press and certains ministries are maintained by 
servers based in Jordan. In any case, because of the embargo very few 
people own computers. 

Libya 

It is impossible to explore the web from Libya. The government 
carefully keeps the population away from international information 
networks with the aim of maintaining control of their minds. 

North Korea 

People in Pyongyang cannot access the internet. The government 
deliberately prevents the population from seeing any news other than 
its own propaganda. The few official sites aimed at foreigners (the 
national news agency, newspapers and ministries) are maintained by 
servers located in Japan. 

Saudi Arabia 

Even though 37 private companies have been given permission to 
operate as ISPs, all traffic at the moment goes through the servers 
of the Science and Technology Centre, a public body, which is 
equipped with filters banning access to sites that provide 
"information contrary to Islamic values". The internet is officially 
regarded as "a harmful force for westernising people's minds". 

Sierra Leone 

As part of their repression of the opposition press, the authorities 
have also attacked an online newspaper. In June 1999, two 
journalists from the daily The Independent Observer, Abdul Rhaman 
Swaray and Jonathan Leigh, were arrested. They were accused in 
particular of collaborating with the online newspaper "Ninjas", which 
is published on a site based abroad (www.sierra-leone.cc) by 
journalists who have gone into hiding. 

Sudan 

Through Sudanet, the only ISP, the state controls the few 
connections to the internet possible in this country where freedom of 
expression is often suppressed. 

Syria 

Internet access is officially banned to individuals. Offenders may 
face a prison sentence, just as they may for "unauthorised" contacts 
with foreigners. Only official organisations are allowed access to 
the internet through the public telecommunications authority, whose 
ISP maintains web sites for state newspapers, the national news 
agency and a few ministries. 

Tunisia 

The Tunisian Internet Agency (ATI) controls the two privately owned 
ISPs, which are in fact connected with the authorities: one is run 
by President Ben Ali's daughter and the second by another person 
close to the government. Their central servers control the access of 
certain users. In November 1998, following publication by Amnesty 
International of a report on human rights violations, a web site 
with the address www.amnesty-tunisia.org, deliberately designed to 
create confusion with the non-government organisation, praised the 
president's work for human rights. The director of the public 
relations agency that launched the site - one of whose biggest 
customers is the Tunisian government - claimed that he was merely 
coming to the country's defence. Meanwhile, access to Amnesty 
International's official site was blocked by the authorities. 

Vietnam 

Anyone who wants to access the internet has to ask for permission 
from the interior ministry and sign up with one of the two 
state-owned ISPs. Access is blocked to sites maintained by Vietnamese 
organisations based abroad and international human rights 
organisations. On 9 June, the Police Ministry ordered the post 
office to cancel the journalist Nguyen Dan Que's Internet account, 
after this former political prisoner had released a communique 
through the Internet calling for freedom a month earlier. 

Recommendations 

Reporters Sans Frontières calls on the governments of these 20 
countries to immediately: 

- - abolish the state monopoly on internet access and, where 
appropriate, stop controlling private ISPs, 

- - cancel the obligation for citizens to register with the government 
before obtaining internet access, 

- - abolish censorship through the use of filters, and stop blocking 
access to certain sites maintained by foreign servers, 

- - protect the confidentiality of internet exchanges, particularly by 
lifting controls on electronic mail, 

- - call off the legal proceedings undertaken against internet users 
who have done no more than exercise their right to freedom of 
expression. 

Reporters Sans Frontières calls on Burma, China, Cuba, Kazakhstan, 
Saudi Arabia and Tajikistan to ratify and enforce the International 
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 19 of which 
stipulates that "everyone shall have the right (...) to receive and 
impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers 
(...)". 

The organisation also asks those states that have signed the 
covenant (Azerbaijan, Belarus, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, 
Libya, North Korea, Uzbekistan, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia 
and Vietnam) to respect the undertakings they made by doing so.  

For further information, please contact RSF. mailto:rsf@rsf.fr 

- ---------------- 

Also in this issue: 

- - Opposition Urges Government to Set Up Information Security Center 
  (Asia) 
    A legislator of the opposition Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) on 
    Wednesday urged the Executive Yuan to set up an "information warfare 
    center" in order to protect the island's electronic networks. 
- - Expert Sees Why China Conducting Intense Campaigns (Asia) 
    A long-time China watcher has cited several factors as explaining why 
    a frightened mainland China is conducting intense campaigns against 
    the United States, Taiwan and the mystical Falun Gong sect by 
    arresting its members and leaders en masse over the past few weeks. 
- - Book Lending Hits New High (US) 
    Libraries Buoyed by Internet Use 
    Business is good at your local library. 
    The Fairfax County public library system loaned a record number of 
    books over the past year. The system also checked out more books 
    last month than any other 30-day period in its 60-year history. 
- - Executives across the globe push for online business standards 
  (Europe) 
    World business leaders are uniting to lobby for global online 
    standards to make the Internet a better place to do business, the 
    chief executive of German media giant Bertelsmann said Thursday.  
- - Scientists Use Web to Share a Costly Tool (US) 
    When the price of a scientific instrument runs into hundreds of 
    thousands of dollars, it makes sense for scientists to try to get a 
    lot of mileage out of it, linking up for experiments and peering 
    over one another's shoulders.  
- - 545 Million User Accounts Globally by 2003 (Ireland) 
    A new report from Datamonitor predicts that there will be almost 545 
    million Internet user accounts around the world by 2003, surpassing 
    the number of PCs installed globally. Currently there are an 
    estimated 95 million Internet users accounts worldwide.  
- - Virtual U to provide college education entirely online (US) 
    (IDG) -- The Kentucky Commonwealth Virtual University, a consortium 
    of the state's public and private colleges and universities, has 
    created a one-stop World Wide Web site that provides access to all 
    the enrollment and student services needed to get a college degree 
    online. 
- - Kingston squeezes BT with flat-rate Internet charge (UK) 
    KINGSTON COMMUNICATIONS increased the pressure on British Telecom to 
    relax its local call charges yesterday with maiden results showing 
    that unmetered tariffs can dramatically increase Internet usage. 
- - The Net: Enemy of the State? (France) 
    PARIS -- Twenty nations all but bar the Internet from their borders 
    out of fear that the medium is a threat to either national security 
    or the social order, a French media organization said in a report 
    released earlier this week.  
- - The twenty enemies of the Internet (France) 
    Forty-five countries restrict their citizens' access to the internet 
    usually by forcing them to subscribe to a state-run Internet 
    Service Provider (ISP).  
- - Report: Mideast Misses the Net (US) 
    WASHINGTON -- Countries in the Middle East are stifling Internet 
    growth in the region through oppressive regulation, a new report 
    says. 
- - Academics Propose Takeover of .edu Domain (US) 
    A consortium of academic and technology professionals is proposing 
    to take over the administration of the top-level .edu domain, setting 
    up a potential battle between educators and Network Solutions Inc.  
- - IE 5 displays FTP user name, password (US) 
    KeyLabs tests confirm the bug 
    BUGNET Aug. 11 —  Forget about the theoretical security holes in 
    Internet Explorer 5 you’ve been reading about lately — you know, the 
    ones that have never caused anyone in the known universe any harm 
    and probably never will because an army of ultra-high-level hackers 
    would be required to open the hole.  
- - Hacking group reveals Net protocol security glitch (US) 
    A hacking group said it has discovered a security vulnerability 
    affecting Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows 2000, as well as the 
    SunOS and Solaris operating systems, allowing unauthorized users to 
    intercept outgoing information.  
- - New Lists and Journals 
    * cgihtml 
    * juno_accmail 
    * MINERALS 

 

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End of Netizens-Digest V1 #329 
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