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Carolina (English) No 355
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STUDENTS' E-MAIL NEWS FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Charles University in Prague
Faculty of Social Sciences
Smetanovo nabr. 6
110 01 Prague 1
Czech Republic
e-mail: CAROLINA@mbox.fsv.cuni.cz
tel: (+4202) 22112252, fax: (+4202) 24810987
*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
C A R O L I N A No 355, Friday, December 10, 1999.
FROM THE EVENTS OF THE PAST WEEK (December 1 - December 8)
Demonstration of Thousands Supports Thank You, Now Leave! Appeal
Perhaps some 50,000 people (police estimate 35,000 to 50,000,
demonstration organizers claim 80,000) gathered December 3 on Prague's
Wenceslas Square in Prague to support the appeal by 1989 student leaders
called Thank You, Now Leave! The appeal, born on the 10th anniversary of
the fall of communism (see Carolina 353, 354), calls for the resignation
of the country's political leadership. During the demonstration,
organizers asked for the resignation of Prime Minister Milos Zeman and
Chamber of Deputies Chairman Vaclav Klaus, and they also expressed a new
request, the resignation of the Social Democrat Government and early
elections, a demand with which the crowd agreed most.
Organizer Igor Chaun opened the demonstration around 4 p.m.,
announcing that 150,000 people have signed the appeal. Chaun was
followed by other 1989 student leaders Martin Mejstrik and Vratislav
Rehak, who read the Thank You, Now Leave! appeal. The microphone was
also taken by Senator Vaclav Fischer, Catholic priest Tomas Halik and
filmmaker Jan Hrebejk. A letter was sent by actor Vlastimil Brodsky.
Between speeches live music was performed by the likes of the band
Lucie, accordionist Vaclav Koubek and singers Jaroslav Hutka and Radim
Hladik.
The organizers would not say they intend to form a new political
party. No other demonstrations are planned.
Demonstrations were also organized in other towns; in Brno some
5,000 people showed up, elsewhere attendance was in the hundreds.
Alzbeta Trousilova/Sofia Karakeva
Nothing New at ODS Party Congress
Delegates of the Civic Democratic Party (ODS) congress re-elected
the standing party leadership and confirmed the standing party line at
the ODS congress in Liberec December 4-5. Party Chairman Vaclav Klaus
was re-elected by 80.5 per cent of the vote.
Vice Chairpersons Ivan Langer and Dagmar Lastovecka, who were
nominated to run against Klaus, declined to compete and gave up their
candidacy. The only change in party leadership pertained to Vice
Chairman Miroslav Benes, who was replaced by the Chamber of Deputies
Defense and Security Committee Chairman Petr Necas.
There was no sympathy at the congress for opponents of the
Opposition Contract, which has allowed the minority Social Democratic
Cabinet to stay in power with ODS support (see Carolina 297). ODS still
supports the idea of replacing the Social Democrat Government by
a super-coalition of all parties except the Communists (see Carolina
348, 349). Despite proposals by Karel Kuhnl (Freedom Union) and Jan
Kasal (Christian Democrats KDU-CSL), who at the congress suggested
negotiations on forming a right-center coalition, the congress supported
Klaus, who in his opening address said such a coalition with a slim
majority of 101 seats in the 200-seat Chamber of Deputies would be the
least stable and most risky solution.
The congress repeated its request to change the Constitution and
the Voting Act.
The delegates criticized President Vaclav Havel, the initiative
Impulse 99 and above all the 1989 student leaders' appeal Thank You, Now
Leave! (see Carolina 353). Some supporters of the appeal demonstrated in
front of the congress' building with a banner reading Give Us the Chance
to Vote for You, and distributed leaflets demanding the abolition of the
Opposition Contract. ODS delegates gave appeal organizers the chance to
express their views.
Nikoleta Alivojvodic/Jakub Jirovec
Fifth Communist Party Congress Affirms Socialist Orientation
The fifth congress of the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia
(KSCM) took place in Zdar nad Sazavou December 4-5. The election of the
new presidium reflected the present situation in the party. Miroslav
Grebenicek was re-elected party chairman (he has been in charge since
1993) with 70.72 per cent of the votes, while his "conservative" rival
Vaclav Exner received 23.57 per cent and the "intellectual" choice
Miloslav Ransdorf 5.7 per cent. The defeated candidates were both
elected vice chairmen, together with Vlastimil Balin, Zuzka Rujbrova and
the only new face in the presidium, Jiri Dolejs. The Communists are the
third-strongest parliamentary club in the Chamber of Deputies and their
voter preferences have increased recently to 23 per cent (see Carolina
349).
In his address, Grebenicek emphasized the party's socialist
orientation and its KSCM Manifesto for a Democratic Europe, according to
which "...the nations of Europe will in the future find a way - in
accordance with the laws of societal development ... how to build
different forms of a just, socialist society...". He assessed the past
10 years of the party and condemned the faults of the Communist Party
leadership before 1989 which led to the fall of the communist state
system. He also mentioned the divisive issues of the European Union and
NATO. While Grebenicek says he is not a Euro-sceptic, and while NATO
- according to him - is to be reformed, the other delegates demanded
that the Czech Republic leave NATO and not join the EU.
The congress was accompanied by an anti-communist demonstration of
about 200 people, who protested against the congress being held in their
town.
Daniela Vrbova/Daniela Vrbova
Czech Republic First EU Associate Member Country in Free Trade Chapter
The Czech Republic concluded December 7 negotiations concerning the
set of rules that new members have to satisfy on free trade,
transportation, social and employment issues. The document,
preliminarily signed December 7 in Brussels, means the Czech Republic
should close this chapter as the first of the current crop of EU
candidate countries. The free trade chapter was the 10th of 30 overall
chapters that have to be closed before Czech accession to the EU.
However, some issues remain to be resolved in this chapter: Brussels is
protesting, for example, against the unfair advantages which Czech
entrepreneurs enjoy in public tenders.
Marika Pechackova/Jakub Jirovec
Chamber of Deputies Passes Press Bill
The 200-seat Chamber of Deputies passed the Government's Press Bill
with a majority of 163 votes December 7. The final version is
dramatically different from previous ones and, judging by first
reactions, it has been met with satisfaction.
Unlike the original version of the bill, members of the Chamber of
Deputies' Culture Committee omitted passages forbidding the press from
provoking ethnic and racial hatred and instigating violence, because
bans on these activities exist in the criminal code. The committee also
rejected the right to reply in the case of a truthful information and
the ban on commentary of this reply in the same issue. Deputies approved
the so-called right to rectification, enabling a person whose criminal
prosecution had been mentioned in the press to publish information on
the court's decision. The publisher is responsible for these responses.
The previous versions of the bill, discussed in June and October,
aroused much opposition not only among journalists and media experts but
also among the lay public. The bill was also criticized by foreign press
associations.
Darina Johanidesova/Simon Dominik
NEWS IN BRIEF
* The Chamber of Deputies again rejected the Homosexual Partnership
Bill December 2. The proposal was rejected for the first time in 1998.
The most common objection to the act was that it would threaten the
family as a social institute. Homosexual rights organizations claim
legalized partnership for same-sex partners would decrease promiscuity
and the spread of the HIV virus. Speaking for supporters of the bill,
deputy Jan Zahradil (Civic Democratic Party, ODS) said they would not
give up and will submit a third bill.
* Criminal acts committed from February 1948 to December 1989 and
requiring a minimum prison term of 10 years will have no statute of
limitations, ruled the Chamber of Deputies by approving amendments to
the Criminal Code December 2. Without this amendment, the statute of
limitations on communist crimes would have run out at the end of this
year. The amendments must be approved by the Senate and the president as
well, but no problems are expected. The Office for the Documentation and
Investigation of Communist Crimes welcomed the amendment, because it
gained time to continue working on cases not yet completed.
* Videotapes from anti-communist demonstrations in 1988 and 1989
broadcast by Czech Television revealed among leaders of the state police
(SNB) Jaroslav Sejvl, who is now a public prosecutor. In a similar case,
journalists from the daily MF DNES recognized police official Jan Brajer
(see Carolina 354), who then resigned under pressure. Sejvl cannot be
recalled and says he will not resign.
* The government rejected a proposed Electronic Signature Act
December 6 for its unsystematic form and internal contradictions. The
act was intended to make equal documents in paper and electronic form.
Citizens would have been able to deal with state offices via Internet;
also business opportunities would have expanded. The proposal was
drafted by the Association for an Information Society and was introduced
by a group of deputies led by Freedom Union (US) Vice Chairman Vladimir
Mlynar.
* The case involving Senator and former Deputy Prime Minister Egon
Lansky's Austrian account was closed by the Czech National Bank (CNB)
December 7. Lansky, who opened a bank account in Austria without the
CNB's permission, broke the law and will have to pay a fine. According
to CNB spokesman Milan Tomanek, the fine will be in the tens of
thousands of crowns. Lansky can appeal the ruling. Police are still
investigating Lansky for tax evasion connected with the bank account,
because Lansky did not tax about 9 million crowns he received on the
account in 1996.
* An undetermined explosive went off on the night of December 2
behind the Confederation of Political Prisoners branch office in Prerov.
The explosion did not hurt anyone, but it destroyed the office and
damaged nearby automobiles. Police have not ruled out a connection with
three other explosions that have shaked Prerov in the past three years.
Gabriela Bobkova, Petra Kovacova, Jaroslav Sauer/Ondrej Maly
Christmas Tree from Beskydy Mountains Arrives in Vatican
Saint Peter's Square in the Vatican will be graced this Christmas
by a Czech spruce from the Beskydy Mountains. It has become a tradition
for a different country each year to donate a Christmas tree to Pope
John Paul II. Czech ambassador to the Vatican Martin Stropnicky said
having the Czech Republic supply the tree this year was first discussed
in 1994.
The 85-year-old, 25-meter-long spruce was found near Moravka in
northern Moravia and was transported to the Vatican by train. The
1,700-kilometer trip started in the community of Dobra (which means good
in English), which was probably symbolic, because the spruce arrived
without problems in San Pietro, the Vatican. The decoration of the
Christmas tree will last a week and when prepared, Czech President
Vaclav Havel will officially present the Christmas tree to the Pope in
the Vatican December 18.
Tereza Tesarikova/Sofia Karakeva
FROM SLOVAKIA
Visegrad Four Representatives Meet in High Tatras
Czech President Vaclav Havel, Slovak President Rudolf Schuster,
Polish President Aleksandr Kwasniewski and Hungarian President Arpad
Goncz declared their collective support for Slovak efforts to join the
EU and NATO because the Slovaks have made great progress in their
preparations for membership. Before the EU summit in Helsinki, the four
presidents emphasized their common goals and their ability to cooperate.
In their communique they also mentioned their readiness to take
part in the stabilization and reconstruction of the Balkans, their
pleasure at Leonid Kuchma's re-election as president of Ukraine and
their apprehension at the situation in Chechnya.
Marek Uhlir/Jaroslav Sauer
Slovaks Again Need Visas for Norway
Visa requirements for Slovak citizens entering Norway were
abolished October 6, but one month later the Norwegian Government has
again introduced the measure after 90 Slovak citizens, nearly all
Romanies, asked for asylum in Norway last week and after reports of
hundreds more would-be emigres waiting in Polish ports. The visa
requirements are temporary, but a date for their abolition has not been
set.
Slovak Foreign Minister Eduard Kukan said the mass exodus of Slovak
Romanies is not the Government's responsibility and questioned any
political interpretation. "It's really altogether about economic
reasons, not political or racial ... Our friends from the West know
that, too." He said hand-outs for asylum seekers in Norway are much
higher than the average salary in Slovakia. Kukan said he thinks the
situation will not influence Slovakia's expected December 11 invitation
to begin membership negotiations with the EU.
Marek Uhlir/Jaroslav Sauer
ECONOMY
After deadline: The Chamber of Deputies December 8 for the second time
rejected the Government's proposed budget for 2000. The budget, with a
revised deficit of 42 billion crowns, was supported by 96 deputies of
the ruling Social Democrats and the Communists, but was defeated by the
101 votes of the Civic Democratic Party (ODS), the Freedom Union, the
Christian Democrats and Marie Machata of the Czech National Social
Party. The Government must present a new version within 30 days.
Koh-i-noor Mine Will Stay Open
A 42-hour sit-down strike by miners in the Koh-i-noor mine ended
December 7 when representatives of mine owner Most Coal Company
(Mostecka uhelna spolecnost, MUS), agreed with Government officials to
cut back mining less radically. The August general meeting of MUS
decided to close Koh-i-noor. By December 17 management will present
a plan for the gradual reduction of mining between 2000 and 2002, with
the closing of the mine aimed for 2005.
After the morning shift of December 1, 179 miners refused to leave
the mine. Their strike was meant to prevent the closing of the mine and
the firing of 1,130 miners. Eight more miners joined the strike later,
while workers on the afternoon shift were not allowed to enter the mine
and participated in the strike above ground.
On December 2, MUS Chairman of the Board Antonin Kolacek, Trade
Minister Miroslav Gregr and mine union Chairman Cyril Zapletal signed an
agreement to extend negotiations till December 7 and guaranteed amnesty
for the strikers. The miners did not accept the deal and ended the
strike after midnight December 3 when Labor Minister Vladimir Spidla,
guarantor of negotiations between the Government and MUS, promised
further talks.
Lubos Kratochvil/Simon Dominik
Exchange Rates at the Czech National Bank (valid December 10)
--------------------------------------------------------------
1 EUR = 36.035
country currency CZK
------------------------------------------
Australia 1 AUD 22.511
Great Britain 1 GBP 57.200
Denmark 1 DKK 4.845
Japan 100 JPY 34.128
Canada 1 CAD 23.816
IMF 1 XDR 48.543
Hungary 100 HUF 14.136
Norway 1 NOK 4.442
New Zealand 1 NZD 17.894
Poland 1 PLN 8.469
Greece 100 GRD 10.963
Slovakia 100 SKK 84.793
Slovenia 100 SIT 18.217
Sweden 1 SEK 4.202
Switzerland 1 CHF 22.557
USA 1 USD 35.232
Exchange Rates of countries participating in the euro
(converted from the euro rate)
country currency CZK
-----------------------------------------
Germany 1 DEM 18.424
Belgium 100 BEF 89.328
Finland 1 FIM 6.061
France 1 FRF 5.494
Ireland 1 IEP 45.755
Italy 1000 ITL 18.611
Luxemburg 100 LUF 89.328
Netherlands 1 NLG 16.352
Portugal 100 PTE 17.974
Austria 1 ATS 2.619
Spain 100 ESP 21.657
CULTURE
Havel's Collected Works Published
Torst Publishing released the entire collected literary works of
President Vaclav Havel. The seven green volumes include his well known
dramas, as well as previously unpublished poetry, essays, early works
and recent speeches.
Havel christened the release December 5 in the Prague club
Akropolis Palace. The band Plastic People of the Universe, which
accompanied Havel's merry evening, recalled Havel's dissident past.
Volume 1: Poems/Anticodes
Volume 2: The Plays
Volume 3: Essays and Other Texts 1953-1969
Volume 4: Essays and Other Texts 1970-1989 (Disturbing the Peace)
Volume 5: Letters to Olga
Volume 6: Speeches 1990 -1992
Volume 7: Speeches and Other Texts 1992-1999
Bonus: Three Speeches from 1999
Jan Vedral Jr./Zuzana Janeckova
Jiri Kratochvil Receives Seifert Prize for Literature
Moravian writer Jiri Kratochvil received the Jaroslav Seifert
Prize, awarded by the Charter 77 foundation. The foundation's literary
commission each year chooses the best literary work of the year.
Kratochvil received this year's prize for his latest prose, Night Tango
or A Novel of One Summer from the End of the Century.
Jan Skala/Zuzana Janeckova
November 1989 in Photos
Various photo exhibits about the Velvet Revolution of 1989 and the
following events have been organized in Prague in connection with the
10th anniversary of the fall of communism.
In Charles University's Carolinum there is a retrospective exhibit
called Ten Years - 1989-1999 in the photos of MF DNES. The exhibit will
last till January 5 and the project was organized by Herbert Slavik.
Besides his photos, one can see the works of 11 other members of the
MAFA photo agency, including David Neff and Michal Ruzicka.
The Senate contributed with a project in the Wallenstein Palace
called Losses and Hopes 1939-99, and the Czech Press Agency (CTK)
installed its exhibit - 10 Years - in the departure terminal of
Prague's Ruzyne Airport (see Carolina 352).
The first such exhibit, called The Year 1989 through the Eyes of
Photographers proceeded between July and October at Prague's Old Town
Hall. The exhibit concerned not only November 1989 but also the events
before it - a series of illegal demonstrations, the flood of East
Germans escaping to West Germany through Czechoslovakia and the fall of
the Berlin Wall.
The 10 Years After project, organized by the '89 Association, also
included a small exhibit of photographs and documents called Students
and 1989, in the Rock Cafe on Prague's National Avenue (Narodni trida).
The Academic Club of First Medical School of Charles University showed
Premysl Hnevkovsky's collection of photos in the Faust House.
The exhibition 68/89 comemmorated the fall of communism and also
the events of the Prague Spring of 1968, which ended with the invasion
of Czechoslovakia by Soviet-led Warsaw Pact armies.
Radka Kohutova and Michaela Kleckova/Veronika Hankusova
SPORTS
Soccer World Championships Qualification Draw: Mild Satisfaction
The qualification groups for the soccer World Championships, which
will be organized in Japan and Korea in 2002, were drawn in Japan
December 7. The Czech Republic drew Denmark, Bulgaria, Iceland, Northern
Ireland and Malta.
It is without doubt positive that the group does not include a giant
of Germany's or England's magnitude or another talented darkhorse from
eastern Europe. On the other hand, Denmark is more than a balanced
opponent, they participated in the last World Championships (the Czech
Republic failed to make the cut) and were eliminated in the
quarterfinals by Brazil. Bulgaria is not playing well, Iceland finished
third in the Euro 2000 qualification group, almost defeating
world-champion France in their stadium in St. Denis.
Darina Johanidesova/Mirek Langer
European Soccer Cups after deadline:
Champions League, 2nd round, 2nd phase: FC Barcelona - Sparta Praha
5-0.
UEFA Cup, 3rd round, 2nd leg: Steaua Bucharest - Slavia Praha 1-1.
Slavia advances on 5-2 aggregate score.
Soccer League before Winter Break: Slavia Stays Unbeaten
The first spring round (16th) of the soccer league was preplayed in
autumn to create better conditions for the national team's preparation
for the Euro 2000. Slavia kept first place with a four-point advantage
ahead of Sparta, thanks to a win over Bohemians in a Prague intra-city
derby. Both teams defended well, but Slavia was better. Its forward
Tomas Dosek put one past Bohemians' goalkeeper Jaromir Blazek in the
23rd minute. Substitute Ludek Zelenka added the second goal.
In another Prague derby, Viktoria Zizkov met Sparta, which seemed
tired from a demanding schedule of games in the Champions League. Its
average play was significantly helped by referee Josef Krula.
Last-place Zizkov led after Marek Kincl's goal. The referee then
incomprehensibly saw a penalty against Zizkov, and the penalty kick by
Sparta's Zdenek Svoboda was true. Kincl, the leader of the scorers'
table, put Zizkov ahead once more and then was mugged by Sparta's Petr
Gabriel, but the referee saw no evil. Sparta turned up the pressure and,
with two goals by Vratislav Lokvenc, earned a 3-2 win.
Results of the 16th round: Slavia Praha - Bohemians Praha 2-0,
Zizkov - Sparta Praha 2-3, Pribram - Jablonec 2-1, Blsany - Ostrava
1-0, Liberec - Hradec Kralove 1-0, Opava - Teplice 1-1, Drnovice - Ceske
Budejovice 2-0, Olomouc - Brno 1-1.
Standings: 1. Slavia Praha 40, 2. Sparta Praha 36, 3. Drnovice 27,
4. Bohemians Praha 24, 5. Ostrava 21, 6. Liberec 21, 7. Teplice 21, 8.
Ceske Budejovice 21, 9. Pribram 20, 10. Blsany 20, 11. Brno 19, 12.
Opava 17, 13. Jablonec 16, 14. Olomouc 15, 15. Hradec Kralove 14, 16.
Zizkov 14.
Dita Kristanova/Mirek Langer
Hockey Extraleague: Plzen Returns to First Place
Plzen's hockey players returned to first place in the standings
after the 28th round of the top hockey league. The lead belonged to
Sparta after the 27th round, but it has still one game to play because
it participated in the European Hockey League last week. Plzen defeated
Ceske Budejovice at home 6-3, but it was not easy. Budejovice's Lubos
Rob opened the scoring in the 3rd minute and Michal Straka tied in the
last minute of the first period. In the second period mistakes by the
guests' defense led to three goals. Bartos' power-play goal in the third
period put Budejovice back in the game, and the final score was decided
in the last minutes of the game.
Vitkovice lost again, this time to five-time champion Vsetin, which
played without stars Jiri Dopita and Martin Prochazka.
Results of the 27th round: Trinec - Litvinov 3-2, Zlin - Sparta
Praha 0-2, Vitkovice - Havirov 1-1, Kladno - Znojmo 1-2, Karlovy Vary -
Plzen 7-3, Slavia Praha - Vsetin 3-2, Pardubice - Ceske Budejovice 6-3.
Results of the 28th round: Vsetin - Vitkovice 4-2, Znojmo - Slavia
1-1, Havirov - Zlin 3-3, Karlovy Vary - Kladno 3-3, Plzen - Ceske
Budejovice 6-3, Litvinov - Pardubice 4-1.
Standings: 1. Plzen 39, 2. Sparta Praha 38, 3. Zlin 36, 4. Vsetin
35, 5. Litvinov 32, 6. Trinec 30, 7. Ceske Budejovice 29, 8. Karlovy
Vary 23, 9. Havirov 23, 10. Pardubice 23, 11. Slavia Praha 23, 12.
Znojmo 22, 13. Kladno 19, 14. Vitkovice 18.
David Mirejovsky/Mirek Langer
SPORTS IN BRIEF
* The Czech women's handball team failed in the World Championships in
Norway. It lost to Poland 24-27 and its only win, over Australia 36-15,
did not help it to advance. The Czech Republic finished fifth in its
group.
* Sparta Praha hockey players advanced to the quarterfinals of the
European Hockey League. In the last game of Group B they defeated
Sweden's Brynas Gavle 4-1 at home December 7, despite losing Martin
Chabada, who broke his collar-bone. In the quarterfinal Sparta will meet
Nuremberg January 4.
Dita Kristanova/Mirek Langer
WEATHER
The tops of the hills are covered with centimeters/inches of white,
suitable for sporting activities of all kinds. On the other hand, towns
and cities are still gray, so the only herald of the approaching winter
are Christmas decorations hanging in the streets, shops, churches and
the windows of festive households. Those who still haven't started to
hunt for presents for their loved ones are going to freeze downtown to
find the best things. Only when they come home and have a cup of their
favorite hot beverage will they forget about winter and all the
Christmas rush.
Petra Kovacova/Daniela Vrbova
English version edited by Michael Bluhm
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