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Carolina (English) No 263
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STUDENTS' E-MAIL NEWS FROM CZECH REPUBLIC
Faculty of Social Science of Charles University
Smetanovo nabr. 6
110 01 Prague 1
Czech Republic
e-mail: CAROLINA@cuni.cz
tel: (+4202) 24810804, ext. 252, fax: (+4202) 24810987
*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
C A R O L I N A No 263, Friday, October 31, 1997.
FROM THE EVENT OF THE PAST WEEK (October 22 - 29)
Christian Democrats Ask for New Government Declaration
The Christian Democratic Union-Czechoslovak Peoples' Party
(KDU-CSL) used the resignation of Foreign Minister Josef Zieleniec to
push the issue of a new government. Christian Democrat Chairman Josef
Lux called for the coalition to prepare a new program declaration and
for a vote of confidence in Parliament, saying that the lack of teamwork
makes it difficult for the government to be effective. Both coalition
partners, the ruling Civic Democratic Party (ODS) and the Civic
Democratic Alliance (ODA), refused the proposed changes. Prime Minister
Vaclav Klaus was quoted October 25 as saying that the issue is whether
or not to stay in the coalition, and that it would be more fair for the
KDU-CSL to come straight out and say what they want.
Michal Cerny/Andrea Snyder
Zieleniec and Havel Meet after Resignation
Josef Zieleniec stepped out of Czech politics October 23. He
resigned from his posts as foreign minister, and vice chairman of both
the Civic Democratic Party (ODS) and the Government. Zieleniec says that
his decision was due to the fact that as vice chairman of ODS, he had
been excluded from important decisions for which he carries political
responsibility. He says that his exit should not complicate the Czech
Republic's position abroad.
Czech President Vaclav Havel said at a press conference that he had
asked Prime Minister Vaclav Klaus to repair the relationship between
Zieleniec and ODS, but that did nor happen. Havel thanked Zieleniec for
excellent work at the ministry, and went on to say that the country's
political situation is bad. Havel said he is not sure whether the
government will last till the next elections. The president also accused
the party of not doing all that it could to to convince the minister to
remain in his post. Klaus denies the accusation.
Although Zieleniec has not definitively left politics, he may turn
to business. He said he would like to work with a foreign firm, so he
would not be in contact with companies the government privatized during
his membership.
Erik Tabery/Andrea Snyder
Czech Political Scene Reacts to Zieleniec's Departure
Josef Zieleniec's sudden resignation surprised many of his party
colleagues. Finance Minister Ivan Pilip said he was not aware of any
flaws in Civic Democratic Party (ODS) finances. Nor did Social Affairs
Minister Jindrich Vodicka want to be blamed for Zieleniec' resignation
and rejected any accusation of irregularities in his appointment to the
position of interior minister, effective November 1. According to
outgoing Interior Minister Jan Ruml, the lesson of the Zieleniec affair
is that the party should examine itself.
Other Czech politicians expressed their opinion as well. Senate
Chairman Petr Pithart said the situation in ODS might really be serious,
if such a respectable man like Zieleniec decided to take such a dramatic
step. Even Chairman of the Social Democrats Milos Zeman said he was
surprised and disappointed, because he saw the minister as one of few
ODS politicians ready to talk with the opposition. Christian Democrats
Chairman Josef Lux described the situation as serious and said he was
sharing (with Zieleniec) dissatisfaction with current political
developments in the country. According to Civic Democratic Alliance
(ODA) Chairman Michael Zantovsky, a new cabinet without the key ODS
personalities of Ruml and Zieleniec is not going to be the same cabinet
in which ODA accepted co-responsibility. For Communist Party Chairman
Miroslav Grebenicek, Zieleniec's departure is evidence of long-term
conflicts inside the ruling party, which is so concerned with itself
that it is not able to perceive the crisis in society.
Erik Tabery/Milan Smid
Zieleniec's Successor Just As Experienced in Diplomacy
Jaroslav Sedivy, who will be appointed the new foreign minister by
President Vaclav Havel November 4 is one of the most experienced Czech
diplomats. He holds the post of Czech ambassador to Belgium and
Luxembourg and has been the delegate of the Czech NATO mission in
Brussels.
Sedivy, 67, worked to 1970 for the Foreign Ministry's Research
Institute. Having been then labeled a dissident, he was forced to work
as a truck driver, window cleaner and forest laborer until 1989. He was
one of the candidates for the position of foreign minister during the
establishment of the first post-1989 government. Eventually he became an
adviser to then-minister Jiri Dientsbier. In 1990 Sedivy was named
ambassador to France and in 1995 was appointed to the same position in
Belgium. The new Czech minister is fluent in English, French and German.
Ondrej Drabek/Nora Novakova
Region Bill Passed, Valid from 2000
After years of debate, the Chamber of Deputies approved the bill on
larger territorial administrative regions October 23 (for details see
Carolina 245). In the year 2000, the territory of the Czech Republic
will be divided into 14 regions. Twelve regions will be governed from
administrative centers in Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad), Plzen (Pilsen), Ceske
Budejovice (Budweis), Jihlava, Brno, Zlin, Ostrava, Olomouc, Pardubice,
Hradec Kralove, Liberec, and Usti nad Labem; Prague will be the
administrative seat of the Central Bohemian Region and the city proper.
The bill, which needed a constitutional majority, or 120 of 200
votes, was passed with 128 votes, and has to be approved also by the
upper chamber of the Czech Parliament. There are no signs of any
obstacles awaiting the bill in the Senate.
Jiri Zizka/Milan Smid
Czech Republic Celebrates October 28
This year's celebration of the 79th anniversary of the founding of
Czechoslovakia was held at the top of Wenceslas Square in Prague.
President Vaclav Havel, union leader and Senator Richard Falbr and
neo-fascist Republican Party Vice Chairman Jan Vik came to lay wreaths
at the base of St. Wencelas' statue, though not together. Prime Minister
Vaclav Klaus and Parliament Chairman Milos Zeman celebrated the
anniversary together with The Association of Czech Legionaires at the
Pantheon of the National Museum.
There were only a few people to welcome the president and his wife
at the statue, but as noon approached - when the area was for the
Republicans - more and more people were arriving, a full crowd by the
time of Vik's arrival. Republican supporters were very disappointed that
party Chairman Miroslav Sladek had not arrived as promised. Despite
Vik's explanation of Sladek's sudden illness, supporters suspected
another reason for Sladek's absence. Sladek was charged with nationality
slandering after organizing a demonstration against the Czech-German
Declaration, refused to come to court, and police had promised to arrest
him the minute he stepped out of his car.
There were signs of non-interest and indifference throughout the
day. People do not seem to feel a need to go out in the streets and
celebrate, as if the flags showing on a few windows dissapeared from
homes entirely. Not even the last sunshine of indian summer's farewell
could improve the people's mood.
Jana Ciglerova/Jana Ciglerova
What does October 28 mean to young people?, Carolina asked
Prime Minister Vaclav Klaus: "I hope it does mean something.
I cannot force it on the young generation, but I hope young people look
into the past and realize that the world does not begin at the moment of
their birth. I believe our youth will not forget it."
Parliament Chairman Milos Zeman: "Above all the realization that we
have to fight for freedom. When I was in Rovert, Italy two days ago,
I visited The Memory Bell, which also recalls Czech legionaires. Those
people did not have to fight, they had already been to concentration
camps, they did not have to go into battle, where a second capture would
mean immediate death - but they did. I think that when we celebrate
October 28, we should start with those forgotten legionaires because
they to a great extent helped Czechoslovakia become a sovereign state."
Union leader and Senator Richard Falbr: "Not much, unfortunately.
I think they do not pay much attention to the history of our state and
I sometimes feel, when it's October 28, they're ashamed of it. In other
countries, people celebrate their national holidays much more
enthusiastically."
Neo-fascist Republican Party Vice Chairman Jan Vik: "It is
a national holiday when we realize our common patriotism with the people
of this country, and pride that we are Czechs."
Jana Ciglerova/Jana Ciglerova
Havel Decorates 54 people on State Holiday
Together with celebrations of the anniversary of Czechoslovakia's
founding October 28, President Vaclav Havel honored 54 people with the
Order of the White Lion (Rad bileho lva), the TGM Order (Rad TGM, named
for Czechoslovakia's first president, Tomas Masaryk) and with Medals For
Heroism (Za hrdinstvi) and Medals For Merit (Za zasluhy). Sixteen medals
were given posthumously, and a number of the decorations were awarded
for merit during the summer floods.
Havel stressed in his speech the necessity of civic solidarity,
which is the basis of statehood. The waves of solidarity provoked by
July's floods have the promise of "great ethical potential," Havel said.
Among those honored with the Order of the White Lion were French Air
Force General Jean-Philippe Douin, who gained recognition for his
involvement in the development of Czech-French military cooperation. The
TGM Orders were conferred in memoriam upon the poet Frantisek Halas and
Havel's first wife Olga for outstanding merit in democracy and human
rights. The same order was bestowed upon former dissident Rudolf Battek.
Medals for Merit, "for outstanding results in the area of medical
science," belong to pediatrician and scientist Josef Svejcar in
memoriam, "for outstanding artistic results" to poet Ivan Blatny in
memoriam, and to poet Ivan Divis and conductor Libor Pesek.
A great many of the honored were representatives of police and
firefighting forces, who earned their recognition by rescuing people and
fighting the enormous damage caused by July's floods in Moravia.
Anna Kadava/Ivona Pulkrabkova
Doctors Want to Demonstrate
The Chamber of Deputies adopted October 23 amendments to the
Healthcare Insurance Act allowing for state interference into relations
between doctors and insurance companies. In the case of the inability of
the two sides to reach an accord on basic tariffs (the value of specific
medical services), the state will be entitled to determine the value of
the tariff. Another provision of the amendment stipulates the
prohibition of doctors taking money from patients for basic care.
The situation was discussed during the club's two-day meeting in
Zahradky, near Ceska Lipa. Doctors said healthcare is in a disastrous
state and they demand higher pay. LOK Chairman David Rath said, "I would
like to see a wall built by brick-layers who earn 50 crowns per hour, or
a mechanic who would repair your car for 50 crowns an hour." Doctors
want four times their current income, and say they will demonstrate in
front of Parliament.
Jan Puncochar/David Kozohorsky
Five Construction Workers Die in Collapse of Brno House
On Freedom Square, the main square of Brno, four floors of a house
under renovation fell in October 22. At least five people died and about
10 construction workers were injured. The cause of the accident was
unclear. The last wounded worker was carried out by a rescue team after
21 hours. Rescuers have given up the search October 25.
The collapsed building belongs to the Austrian corporation Tilmar
Hansen, which was planing on opening a business center. The property was
being renovated by the Delta company. Tilmar Hansen set up an account
immediately after the accident for the benefit of the injured and
relatives of the deceased, and they donated half a million crowns. The
account will be controlled by Brno's mayor.
Ludvik Pospisil/Ajla Zinahasovic'
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
How Much Will Czech Republic Pay to NATO Budget?
The Czechs' membership dues to NATO will be around 16 million USD
(approximately 530 million crowns) annually, or 0.9 per cent of the NATO
budget, said Karel Kovanda, deputy foreign minister and leader of the
Czech delegation, to the daily Pravo October 23. Kovanda also said that
after the proposal will be discussed by Czech politicians, a smaller
group of representatives will return to Brussels.
Hungary and Poland, the other two countries looking to join NATO,
will contribute with 0.65 and 2.48 per cent of the NATO budget,
respectively. The amounts were calculated on the basis of the economic
capacity and parity of purchase power of each country.
Lenka Vochocova/Matej Cerny
Romany Refugee Wave Nears End
The mass political asylum requests of Romanies (Gypsies) in Great
Britain (see Carolina 262) has caused a change in asylum procedure. The
period for submitting materials to substantiate applications was
shortened from 28 days to 3 days, and the period for appeal from 2 years
to 2 months. Moreover, there are stricter controls for all Romany
travellers to Britain. The Czechs refuse to sell one-way bus tickets in
order to discourage Romanies from leaving the Czech Republic.
The restrictions have led to a lower number of refugees coming to
Britain, while some of the refused Romanies are returning to the Czech
Republic from Calais.
Although President Vaclav Havel tried to talk to British Prime
Minister Tony Blair on the phone, the British have criticized Czech
diplomacy for passivity. French and German foreign ministries announced
that if Britain renews visa requirements they do not expect similar
action in other EU countries.
After deadline: The government, in the presence of President Vaclav
Havel, accepted October 29 the long-delayed, critical report on the
state of Romany citizens in the Czech Republic. The Cabinet and the
president appealed to Romanies to stay in the country.
Karolina Kucerova/Matej Cerny
Zeman and Moser in Italy
Parliament Chairman Milos Zeman and Senate Vice Chairwoman Jaroslava
Moserova returned October 26 from a two-day visit to Italy. There they
took part in an international conference of parliament representatives
from countries belonging to the Central European Initiative. The
Conference dealt with the role of the national legislatures in the
struggle against organized crime. The outcome of the conference was an
agreement about the regular meetings of parliament chairmen from member
countries.
Prokop Havel/Gabriela Pecic
FROM SLOVAKIA
How People Celebrated October 28 in Slovakia?
The citizens of Slovakia who did not forget October 28, 1918 as the
birthday of the common state of Czech and Slovak nations joined together
in front of the National Museum on Vajansky Quay Bank in Bratislava.
Even though the day is not a state holiday in Slovakia as it is in the
Czech Republic, there were people who enjoy nostalgically recalling this
event as a positive step forward in their national history.
Paula Majorova/Gabriela Pecic
EU Associate Meeting in Bratislava Cancelled
The meeting of associate members of the European Union scheduled for
this week in Bratislava was cancelled because of the absence of some
participants.
European Parliament Chairman Jose-Maria Gil-Robles cancelled his
participation first, followed by Milos Zeman, the chairman of the Czech
Parliament. As the reason why he did not participate, Zeman cited
breaches of democracy in Slovakia. His refusal was not addressed to the
citizens of Slovakia, but to its chief political representatives and
their methods, he said.
Paula Majorova/Ajla Zinhasovic
ECONOMY
Crown Still Falling
The panic that shook world financial markets after Asian and the New
York stock exchanges crashed October 27 weakened the Czech crown. In
London October 28, crowns were selling for 19.32 to the Deutschmark,
a price not seen since the end of May.
The national bank holiday October 28 saved the crown from a further
fall. The Czech National Bank sent a calming message to traders that it
will stop the crown from falling too sharply.
Until now, the crown's decrease in value has been attributed to
political instability in the Czech Republic. Parliament's problems in
approving a balanced budget, Foreign Minister Josef Zieleniec's
resignation and the comments of other politicians are all being followed
carefully, the market reacting sensitively.
Foreign investors, perhaps the speculators worrying London currency
dealers, purchased a large amount of crowns last week.
Pedro Afanador/Andrea Snyder
Smokers, Drivers and Drinkers Will Need Bigger Wallets
Parliament approved October 23 the increase of consumption taxes on
tobacco, gasoline and alcohol. In 1998 the prices will grow by about 10
per cent. The price of a pack of cigarettes will be increased by 2.20
crowns, a liter of gas by 1.28 crowns and a half-liter of booze by 9.50
crowns. A half-liter of Czech beer will likely be half a crown more
expensive.
This approval came as a result of a big compromise between the
government proposal and the deputies of Civic Democratic Alliance and
the Christian Democrats. These prices are not final, because sellers can
raise prices even more.
Lenka Jindrlova/Sofia Karakeva
Trade-Balance Deficit Growing More Slowly
Since May exports are growing faster than imports, and as a result
the rate of the trade-balance deficit's increase is declining. In
September the deficit increased by about 6 billion crowns, bringing the
1997 deficit to 103.6 billion crowns.
Ludek Niedermayer, member of the Czech National Bank's (CNB) Banking
Council, described the state of export as very positive. These figures
support the CNB's decision to postpone the easing of its monetary
policy.
Lenka Jindrlova/Sofia Karakeva
New Rates for Compulsory Liability Insurance
The Finance Ministry approved new rates for compulsory liability
insurance October 23. Ministry spokesman Michal Jirkovsky said next
year's increase will not exceed the previously expected 60 per cent. The
amount required for cars in the most common categories (from 1,000 cc to
1,350 cc) will increased from 1,212 crowns to 1,932 crowns,
a 59-per-cent difference. The average increase for all categories will
be 47 per cent.
The approved draft of the regulation establishes a new motorbike
category of more than 500 cc and intensifies punishments for not paying
insurance. From January there will also be a 100-per-cent increase in
Czech highway stamps' price.
Tomas Mls/Ivona Pulkrabkova
Exchange Rates at the Czech National Bank
(valid from October 31)
country currency
------------------------------------------
Australia 1 AUD 23.051
Belgium 100 BEF 92.695
Great Britain 1 GBP 54.900
Denmark 1 DKK 5.025
Finland 1 FIM 6.366
France 1 FRF 5.712
Ireland 1 IEP 49.367
Italy 1000 ITL 19.476
Japan 100 JPY 27.373
Canada 1 CAD 23.400
Luxemburg 100 LUF 92.695
Hungary 100 HUF 16.902
Netherlands 1 NLG 16.959
Norway 1 NOK 4.663
New Zealand 1 NZD 20.504
Poland 1 PLN 9.505
Portugal 100 PTE 18.758
Austria 1 ATS 2.718
Greece 100 GRD 12.116
Slovakia 100 SKK 98.758
Germany 1 DEM 19.135
Spain 100 ESP 22.658
Sweden 1 SEK 4.393
Switzerland 1 CHF 23.477
USA 1 USD 32.888
ECU 1 XEU 37.629
SDR 1 XDR 45.333
CULTURE
Theater '97 International Festival in Pilsen
The Pilsen (Plzen) drama festival Theater '97 took place October
23-26 for the fifth time. Festival manager Karel Kral said the festival
was meant as a rendezvous for various theater cultures and theater
artists. The program, as usual, consisted of the top Czech plays of the
last season and some remarkable foreign shows, with considerable
attention being drawn by the performance of Shakespeare's Hamlet
presented by the Lithuanian ensemble LIFE.
The Czech section of the festival was most influenced by J. A.
Pitinsky, who was present in Pilsen as an author an teacher, but most of
all as a director. Brno's HaDivadlo Theater presented his staging of
Job, which was awarded the prize as 1996's best Czech theater
performance. Also the Forman brothers (the sons of director Milos
Forman) came from Prague to Pilsen with their Bouda theater to perform
their circus-like show.
There was also a new part in the festival's program: a course for
young critics organized by the Czech branch of the International Theater
Critics' Association. The course was led by British newspaper The Times'
theater critic Irving Wardale.
Petr Bilek Jr./Veronika Machova
Czech Documentary Film Has Its Own Festival
The first festival of Czech documentary film took place in Jihlava
October 24-26.
Major producers of Czech documentary film presented their works. Jan
Spata, one of the most important documentary filmmakers, celebrated his
65th birthday in the presence of such stars as Olga Sommerova, Fero
Fenic, Miroslav Janek, Jan Sverak (director of Kolya, the film which won
the Oscar for best foreign film) and many others.
The festival audience consisted of more than 300 mostly young
people; the festival was organized by 17-year-old students of a Jihlava
high school. The festival had unexpected success with the audience and
has the chance to continue in the future.
Jana Ciglerova and Erik Tabery/Veronika Machova
SPORTS
Petr Korda Wins Tennis Championship in Stuttgart
After the final match in Stuttgart October 26, Petr Korda relived
the feeling of a championship title after a 22-month drought. He
defeated Richard Krajicek of the Netherlands 7-6, 6-2, 6-4 and advanced
to eight place in the ATP rankings. In the semifinals he defeated world
number three Patrick Rafter of Australia 6-4, 7-6.
"The win is just the thing I play tennis for and what I live for,"
he said after his triumph, earning 350,000 dollars. He returned to the
world's top 10 after four years, his peak being fifth place in 1992.
David Kozohorsky/Mirek Langer
Slavia Praha Ties in Nice in Cup Winners Cup
Slavia tied 2-2 with the French second-league team OGC Nice in the
Cup Winners Cup second round in Nice October 23. The result is hopeful
for Slavia, which must take advantage of the result in the rematch
November 6 in Prague.
Nice's Aulanier scored the first goal on a penalty after Kozel's
foul on Angibeaud, but Vacha's two goals then gave Slavia the lead.
After the break, full-attack play on both sides continued. The home team
tied the score 12 minutes before the end on Angibeaud's assist.
Nice - Slavia Praha 2-2 (1-2). Goals: Aulanier 6, 79 - Vacha 14, 35.
Jakub Svab/Mirek Langer
Sparta Suffers First Loss in Tenth Round
Soccer's Gambrinus League 10th round, played October 24-27, saw
Sparta Praha come to Brno to try to maintain its 32-match undefeated
streak, although Sparta had lost the last three matches there. Some
commentators compared the match's level to the German Bundesliga, and
31,730 spectators enjoyed the contest.
Sparta's Hornak opened the scoring six minutes before the break, but
Holomek evened it after Novotny's blunder. Brno continued its pressure
in the second half and forced Sparta to make mistakes, Dostalek scoring
the decisive goal for the home team after a bad pass from Nemecek.
Fan problems were fewer than usual, but violence was reported.
Brno - Sparta 2-1 (1-1). Goals: Holomek 42, Dostalek 57 - Hornak 38.
Other results: Drnovice - Teplice 0-0, Opava - Olomouc 2-0, Dukla
- Bohdanec 4-1, Hradec Kralove - Jablonec 2-2, Liberec - Ceske
Budejovice 2-0, Slavia Praha - Viktoria Zizkov 2-0. The match between
Ostrava and Plzen was postponed to November 12 due to problems with
Ostrava's field.
Standings: 1. Sparta Praha 25, 2. Slavia Praha 19, 3. Liberec 16,
4. Brno 15, 5. Teplice 14, 6. Olomouc 14, 7. Ostrava 14 (*), 8. Dukla
14, 9. Opava 13, 10. Drnovice 13, 11. Jablonec 13, 12. Hradec Kralove
13, 13. Viktoria Zizkov 12, 14. Ceske Budejovice 9, 15. Plzen 7 (*),
16. Bohdanec 3. Teams with an asterisk have played one match less.
Jakub Svab/Mirek Langer
Trinec with Ujcik Leads Hockey Extraleague
Trinec's hockey team obtained last-season's leading scorer Viktor
Ujcik from Slavia Praha October 17, and after one week stepped into
first place of the Staropramen Extraleague. Trinec has not lost in 12
consecutive games. The amount paid for Ujcik was not published, but
Trinec manager Tomas Herstus took advantage of the clause in Ujcik's
contract that frees Ujcik for 250,000 German marks. Also, Vladimir
Machulda and Marian Kacir went to Slavia with the money.
After disagreements with Ccoach Juhani Tamminen, national-team
forward Jan Alinc returned from Finnish team Assat Pori to Litvinov and
played for the first time in Slavia Praha's stadium October 26.
Results:
18th round: Kladno - Sparta Praha 2-2, Trinec - Vsetin 3-1, Plzen
- Jihlava 4-3, Pardubice - Vitkovice 4-1, Litvinov - Ceske Budejovice
4-2, Zlin - Slavia Praha 3-8, Opava - Karlovy Vary 5-1.
19th round: Vitkovice - Sparta Praha 2-0, Zlin - Trinec 4-6, Ceske
Budejovice - Opava 3-1, Vsetin - Kladno 3-1, Jihlava - Pardubice 5-2,
Slavia - Litvinov 1-1, Karlovy Vary - Plzen 1-1.
24th round: Trinec - Jihlava 5-3.
Standings: 1. Trinec 29 (*), 2. Vitkovice 28, 3. Sparta Praha 23,
4. Litvinov 23, 5. Vsetin 23, 6. Plzen 22, 7. Zlin 19, 8. Pardubice 18,
9. Slavia Praha 17, 10. Jihlava 17 (*), 11. Kladno 16, 12. Ceske
Budejovice 14, 13. Opava 11, 14. Karlovy Vary 10. Teams with an asterisk
have played one match more.
Jiri Polak/Mirek Langer
SPORTS IN BRIEF
* Soccer player Petr Papousek, a 20-years-old junior national team
member and probably the most talented player for Dukla, came to Sparta
Praha for about 12 million crowns (the amount was not published),
although Banik Ostrava had wanted to buy him earlier. It is possible
that Sparta will try to trade Papousek to Ostrava for national-team
midfielder Radek Sloncik, for whom it had longed before this season
started.
* Vsetin defeated the French team Amiens 4-2 and leads the E group in
the European Hockey League. On the contrary, Vitkovice lost to Jokerit
Helsinki 0-3 and Sparta Praha bombed in Manchester, losing to the Storm
0-7, and both teams lost their chance to advance.
Jakub Svab, Jiri Polak/Mirek Langer
WEATHER
You can't win in winter. When it's cloudy it snows, and when it's
sunny it's freezing. The latter half is in effect now in the Czech
Republic. Temperatures are below zero (32 degrees Fahrenheit) at night,
and there's snow in the mountains and even in some Moravian towns.
Winter is undeniably here.
Karolina Kucerova/David Kozohorsky
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