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Carolina (English) No 159
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STUDENT'S E-MAIL NEWS FROM CZECH REPUBLIC
Faculty of Social Science of Charles University
Smetanovo nabr. 6
110 01 Prague 1
Czech Republic
e-mail: CAROLINA@cuni.cz
tel: (+42 2) 24810804, ext. 252, fax: (+42 2) 24810987
*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
C A R O L I N A No 159, Friday, May 12, 1995.
EVENTS FOR THE WEEK MAY 3-10
Czechs Celebrate 5Oth Anniversary of World War II's End
In a speech at Prague Castle on Monday, President Vaclav Havel
condemned the crimes of fascism and thanked those who played a role in
defeating it. At the same time, however, he noted that some Czechs had
passively tolerated the German totalitarian regime and some even
supported it.
"The meek cautiousness in which many of us excelled after Munich,
under the Nazi occupation and also under communism, can be our
cultural program no longer," Havel said.
After apologizing to the Czech veterans of World War II for the
indifference with which others viewed their persecution by the
Communists after the war, he presented commemorative presidential
medals to several dozen anti-fascist resistance groups that fought
alongside the Allied forces. Havel also decorated members of
resistance groups from the Nazi concentration camps.
Before a special concert by the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra in
Prague's Rudolfinum concert hall, Prime Minister Vaclav Klaus and
Parliament Chairman Milan Uhde also delivered speeches.
Klaus emphasized the importance of World War II as a warning
against the dangers of racial and national intolerance. Uhde said that
it would have been unrealistic to expect Czechs to treat the Germans
without hatred immediately after the war, when emotions were still
strong, but that enough time had passed since then for reconciliation
between the two nations.
Following the speeches the Czech Philharmonic performed Dvorak's
New World Symphony under the direction of Vaclav Neumann. The day of
celebrations culminated with the largest fireworks show ever held in
the history of the city. Martin Kupka/Jirka Schneider
George Patton Jr. - The Past Must Be Forgotten
Also in Prague for the celebrations was George Patton Jr., son of
the legendary General George Patton, commander of the 3rd U.S. Army,
which liberated the city of Plzen and the whole of Western Bohemia
along with it.
After visiting Brno, Patton and his wife on Saturday traveled to
Plzen, where, during celebrations of the city's liberation, he was
made an honorary citizen of Plzen. Two days later he was in Prague for
the celebrations there, meeting with Parliament Chairman Milan Uhde
and officials from City Hall.
On May 6, 1945, General George Patton brought his army to a halt
on the line connecting the cities of Karlovy Vary, Plzen and Ceske
Budejovice and asked for permission to liberate the Czechoslovak
capital. But since the Soviets claimed they had already begun
operations to support the Prague uprising against the Germans, General
Dwight Eisenhower, supreme commander of the Allied forces in Europe,
ordered the U.S. forces to stay put where they were.
Asked what would have happened had his father liberated Prague,
Patton Jr. said that he had had a great time in the Czech Republic,
drinking "a lot of beer and champagne." But he urged the Czechs to
forget about the past and stop saying "what if." Now, said Patton,
it's time to think about the future and get down to work.
Lukas Zentel/Jirka Schneider
Freedom Celebrations Nationwide
As a symbolic gesture, Prime Minister Vaclav Klaus flew in for
Plzen's liberation celebration directly from his official visit in
Washington, D.C. Also present was U.S. Ambassador to the United
Nations Madeleine Albright, who is of Czech origin.
After a monument was unveiled in the center of Plzen saying
"Thanks, America" in both Czech and English, the official program
concluded with interdenominational religious services at the Cathedral
of St. Bartholomew.
Karlovy Vary commemorated its liberation with a ceremony on the
bridge over the river Ohre in Cheb, where U.S. and Soviet troops met
on the line separating the U.S. liberation zone from the USSR's.
Brno's liberation celebrations featured a wreath-laying ceremony
at the monument by the Kounic dormitories, site of the Gestapo's Czech
headquarters during the war where many Resistance fighters were
executed. Vera Vitkova/Martina Vojtechovska
Havel Vetos Law Thanking Resistance Fighters
President Havel on Friday returned to Parliament a law expressing
thanks to some members of the foreign resistance in World War II.
The law - submitted by Josef Janecek of the Christian Democratic
Union-Czechoslovak People's Party (KDU-CSL) and adopted by Parliament
in April - would make it possible for members of the resistance to
claim compensation from the Czech government. However, only those who
did not play an active role in "the suppression of democratic
principles in Czechoslovakia" - for instance, Communists and members
of the People's Militia, the Communist paramilitary force - would be
eligible for such compensation.
"As a matter of principle, one cannot connect heroism exhibited
in the defeat of fascism with the evaluation of acts that have nothing
to do with that struggle," Havel said.
The new legislation, he said, would make the decision as to who
had the right to be compensated an arbitrary one based on the opinions
of government officials, since the Czech legal code does not clearly
establish any criteria. This, said Havel, transforms the appreciation
of past acts into "a verdict on people's entire lives." Instead, said
the president, such decisions should rest with independent courts,
basing their verdicts on appropriate legislation.
Prime Minister Klaus on Sunday said he supported Havel's veto,
noting that the Cabinet, too, had refrained from recommending the bill
at its March 1 session.
From Rude pravo by Jindrich Jirasek/Martina Vojtechovska
Christian Democratic Club Splits Over Merger With ODS
In protest against the planned merger of the Christian Democratic
Party (KDS) with the Civic Democratic Party (ODS), five of the 10 KDS
members of Parliament founded a new parliamentary club May 4. The KDS
deputies said they viewed the merger as nothing but an opportunistic
move on the part of a few ambitious individuals.
According to Pavel Tollner, a member of the new club, the split
means the creation of two wings, but not the end of KDS. While the new
club does not reject cooperation with ODS, they say integration is not
acceptable.
KDS chairman Ivan Pilip described the creation of the new
fraction as regrettable and said those deputies could be expelled from
the party.
At a meeting Wednesday evening, the KDS executive board dismissed
Tollner from his post as party vice chairman. Whether or not he will
remain vice chairman of Parliament remains to be seen, according to
Pilip. Both Pilip and vice chairman Vaclav Benda said they were not
informed of the move in advance.
The new club, which calls itself "KDS 1," has yet to show any
interest in allying with the Christian Democratic Union-Czechoslovak
Peoples' Party (KDU-CSL).
According to ODS parliamentary club manager Jiri Honajzer, the
situation calls for further talks on the merger, as the ODS leadership
must take seriously the fact that there are such varied opinions at
the heart of KDS.
None of the politicians in the government coalition said they
felt the split in KDS would endanger the coalition.
From Rude pravo by Stepanka Kucerova/Andrea Snyder
Police Release Original ODA Promissory Note
Investigators in the case of the foundering Credit and Industrial
Bank (KPB) released Tuesday the promissory note binding the Civic
Democratic Alliance (ODA) to repay 51.86 million Kc to the KPB by May
31, 1996. Richard Malacek, director of the Prague investigator's
office, told journalists Tuesday that ODA chairman Jan Kalvoda had not
signed the note.
Police confisicated the note May 2 from a Commercial Bank
(Komercni Banka) safe that had been rented by Antonin Moravec, KPB's
director and a major KPB shareholder. Moravec has been in custody
since Dec. 14, 1995, on charges of fraud and falsifying business and
economic information.
Ministry of Interior spokesman Jan Subert showed reporters the
promissory note, dated Sept. 22, 1992, in which ODA Secretariat Head
Josef Reichman agrees to pay 51.86 million Kc by no later than May
31, 1996, without protest. In the column labled "name, address,
signature" the only signature is that of J. Reichman. On the back of
the note are Reichman's full name, address and social security number,
along with the words "with full authorization of the ODS from
2.11.1992." This means that Reichman was not authorized to sign the
bill until a month and a half after he actually signed it.
ODA spokesman David Rozanek told Carolina that the bill was
post-dated. "These things are entirely common. Mr. Reichman had
several previous authorizations, so the text on the bill is not
necessarily binding," he said.
On March 17 the police initiated prosecution against Reichman,
who is being charged with falsifying business information.
ODA borrowed 52 million crowns from two Czech banks for the 1992
elections. After the elections, ODA transferred the funds to KPB,
although previously ODA officials had said the debt was cleared when
KPB assumed ownership of Marklap, the company that was guaranteeing
the loan.
Marklap's owner Adolf Klapka and his lawyer are now being charged
with illegally raising the company's basic assets from 100,000 to 52
million Kc based upon an audit performed by Mirslav Tera, also
a member of ODA. According to Czech legislation on promissory notes,
however, now that the promissory note has been found, no firm is
guaranteeing the loan. Jiri Cvojka/Andrea Snyder
Ethics Panel on Czech Television
In response to conflicts following the broadcast of certain news
programs on private and public TV channels, Czech Television (CT) has
established an Ethics Panel.
This advisory group is made up of long-time CT employees who will
be responsible for screening reports before they are aired.
CT General Director Ivo Mathe said the members of the Ethics
Panel, each serving a three-year term, would not act as censors, but
rather as independent advisors, meaning they will not have the power
to stop any reporter's work from being broadcast but will only give
recommendations.
Czech TV has also published "The CT Handbook on Violence," for
in-house use, which stresses ethics in journalism. CT Assistant News
Editor Jan Urban said he used the BBC as an example in preparing the
handbook. Jakub Knezu/Andrea Snyder
Finance and Accounting Attract Most High Schoolers
Approximately 3,000 students will begin attending the School of
Economics (VSE) in the 1995-96 school year, nearly 500 more than last
year. VSE has already received 9,400 applications, which means that
about one out of every three applicants will be accepted.
Neither the Faculty of Finance and Accounting (3,000 applicants,
650 places), nor the Faculty of International Relations (2,500
applicants, 500 places) declined in popularity. Both the Faculty of
Business Economics and the National Economics have room for 500
students each.
Entrance exams will be in June. Students will take a written math
exam, and a written exam in either one or two major languages of their
choice. To be considered for acceptance, applicants must receive at
least 50 points out of 100 possible. Along with the tests, high school
results will also be considered.
Katarina Polakova and Tereza Hadravova/Andrea Snyder
Sole Czech Astronaut to Leave Army
Vladimir Remek, the first and so-far only Czech astronaut, has
announced that he will leave the Czech Army on June 1.
Remek, who has been working for the army since April 1990 as
director of the Museum of Aviation and Astronautics in Prague-Kbely,
refused to comment on his decision, saying only that it was not an
easy decision for him.
FROM SLOVAKIA
Parliament Voices Lack of Confidence in President
Eighty of 150 deputies in Slovak Parliament voted a lack of
confidence in President Michal Kovac at their Friday session.
Prior to the vote, they listened to a report on the operations of
the Slovak Information Service, in which Prime Minister Vladimir
Meciar again accused the president of using the secret service to
follow representatives of the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia
(HZDS). Meciar is the head of HZDS.
Slovak National Party (SNS) deputy Vitazoslav Moric proposed the
vote. The opposition parties (Christian Democratic Movement,
Democratic Union, Party of the Democratic Left) voted against, and the
deputies of the Hungarian coalition abstained.
President Kovac rejected Parliament's decision, declaring it
"legally meaningless." After representatives of the government
coalition (HZDS, SNS and the Association of Slovak Workers) strongly
condemned his statement, on Tuesday HZDS and SNS officials urged Kovac
to resign.
HZDS claims that Kovac is incompetent, that he has a negative
effect on Slovak society, and that he is violating democratic
principles. The opposition parties rejected HZDS's arguments, and
voiced support for the president.
From Lidove noviny, by Michal Vynohradnyk/Andrea Snyder
BUSINESS/ECONOMICS
March Again Shows Growth in Industrial Production
Czech industrial production in the month of March rose 4.8 percent
compared with the same period last year, continuing the first quarter
trend of 6 percent growth, a rate on a par with that of the "Asian
tigers" of the 1980s (Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand),
according to local experts.
"I believe this is a long-term trend that can be accounted for
primarily by firms with less than 50 employees," said Jaromir Veprek
of the Academy of Sciences' Institute for National Economics. As far
as larger firms are concerned, he said, there are not yet any signs of
stimulation.
Government officials here consider this a long-term phenomenon.
According to Ministry of Industry and Trade spokesman Kamil Cermak,
the March statistics prove the positive influence of privatization.
On the other hand, opposition parties are warning that the
importance of this number should not be overestimated. Social Democrat
chairman Milos Zeman said the March growth was a short-term phenomenon
and was not backed up by the export of domestic goods. "A short-term
increase in industrial production could be caused by better
utilization of production capacity," he said.
According to the Czech Bureau of Statistics, industrial production
has been increasing continuously for the past 11 months.
From Mlada fronta Dnes by Petr Hosek/Eftychia Damianidou
Termination of Clearing Still Up in the Air
As we wrote in last week's Carolina, the Czechs are negotiating
intensely to terminate their payment agreement with the Slovaks.
The pace of talks picked up when Slovak Prime Minister Vladimir
Meciar announced that Slovakia did not intend to give up the
advantages it enjoyed from the difference in exchange rates used in
the clearing system.
While Czech Minister of Finance Ivan Kocarnik says the unilateral
termination of the payment agreement will be a complicated process,
which first must be approved by Parliament, Czech Prime Minister
Vaclav Klaus would prefer to reach an agreement with the Slovaks and
considers termination just one of several possibilities.
Klaus was out of the country when the Cabinet charged Kocarnik
with drawing up the proposal for terminating the payment agreement.
Petr Hosek/Eftychia Damianidou
Interkamera in Fifteenth Year
Interkamera 95, the 15th annual international exhibition of
audiovisual technology, opened Tuesday in the Industrial Palace of
Prague's Fairgrounds, organized by M.I.P.
The first Interkamera exhibition took place in 1967 as an analogy
of the Photocamera world exhibition, held in Cologne, Germany. This
year's show, with some 115 firms from 14 countries, features the
world's biggest in the field of audiovisual technology. Most of them
are foreign firms with subsidiaries in the Czech Republic, such as
Olympus, Nikon, Kodak and Minolta.
Representing the Czechs is the firm FOMA Bohemia, which
specializes in the manufacture of photographic films and papers.
Every year the Interkamera exhibition includes a photo show as
well, and this year is no different. In addition to world-renowned
photographers Joel-Peter Witkin and Elliot Erwitt, students from the
School of Performing Arts also have their work on display.
Martina Vojtechovska/Eftychia Damianidou
Exchange Rates of the Czech National Bank (May 12)
Checks Cash
country buy sell middle buy sell
Great Britain 1 GPB 41.018 41.430 41.224 39.80 42.64
France 1 FRF 5.292 5.346 5.319 5.12 5.52
Italy 1000 ITL 15.899 16.059 15.979 15.21 16.75
Japan 100 JPY 30.848 31.158 31.003 29.70 32.30
Canada 1 CAD 19.215 19.409 19.312 18.42 20.20
Austria 1 ATS 2.639 2.665 2.652 2.59 2.71
Germany 1 DEM 18.552 18.738 18.645 18.19 19.11
Switzerland 1 CHF 22.313 22.537 22.425 21.93 22.93
USA 1 USD 25.998 26.260 26.129 25.43 26.83
Slovakia 1 XCU -- -- 34.355 -- --
CULTURE
Actor Josef Bek Dies at 76
Josef Bek died in Prague on Friday, May 5. Bek was born in Hradec
Kralove on Dec. 21, 1918. After graduating from the Business Academy
he went to work in a bank, but enjoyed acting in amateur productions
and was soon led away from his career in finance. In 1942 he began
working at the theater in Olomouc, acting in plays, singing tenor in
operettas, and helping out backstage. Following that he worked 35
years as an actor in the Prague City Theater group.
During his long career in theater, radio and television, Bek
created dozens of characters, all of them known for their cheery moods
and optimism. TV viewers remember him as the kind-hearted Martin Kabat
from Drda's "Toying with the Devil," as Langer's tough guy Ferdys
Pistora, as the patriot and athlete Hanc from the film "Sons of the
Mountains," Tonik from "Anna Proletarian," and the bus driver from
"Florenc 13:30." Tereza Hadravova/Andrea Snyder
Prague Uprising in Pictures
On Friday, 50 years to the day after the outbreak of the Prague
Uprising on May 5, 1945, an open-air exhibition of photographs
documenting the dramatic events of that time opened in the garden next
to the Malostranska Metro station.
The exhibition, which includes photos that have never before been
shown, follows the uprising day-by-day. Carolina spoke about the show
with Karel Srp, president of Artforum's Jazz Section, the exhibition's
organizers.
* Tell us, how did this photo exhibition come about?
"The history of this exhibition goes back 10 years, we started
putting it together back in 1985, all of it from the collection of
Marta Chadimova. At that time, though, the officials prevented us from
doing it, later when they locked us up they even sent us fines to
prison. So we had a 10-year break, and I'm just glad the exhibition
can be held today."
* Could you tell us a little more about it? There are shots from
the battle for the radio station, President Edvard Benes's arrival in
Prague in mid-May ...
"A lot of material is no longer available and some photos are in
bad shape technically, so the exhibit was improvised. But thanks to
Marta Chadimova's archives, the archives of the Czech Photographers'
Union, the employees of the Jan Amos Komensky museum and the Union of
Anti-Fascist Warriors, we managed to arrange it. It was hard work.
I'm happy that it was a success in this sense at least, because there
will never be another exhibition like this one again."
* You yourself took part in the uprising. What kind of impact do
the photos have on you personally?
"We have to free ourselves of what came afterwards. At that time
freedom came, freedom in the true sense of the word. I repeat that
I deeply disagree with what came afterward and I was also imprisoned
for it. But May 1945 - that was truly the arrival of the Red Army, our
liberators." Andrea Rihova/Martina Vojtechovska
Slade Takes the Stage in Western Bohemia
Sunday's celebrations of the 50th anniversary of Plzen's
liberation included a rock concert featuring the British band Slade.
Though guitarist Dave Hill and drummer Don Powel are the only
band members remaining from the original lineup, Slade played not only
songs from their latest album "Keep on Rockin!" but also old hits such
as "Gudbuy t'Jane", "Far Far Away" and "Mama Weer All Crazee Now".
While the Czech fans joined in to sing along on the hits, the
British rockers disappointed them by not playing any longer than the
Czech warmup bands - Redwine, Ksichties (an all-women band), Xantipa,
Katapult and Zluty pes. Lukas Zentel/Alex Zucker
SPORTS
Hockey Team Leaves World Championships Without Medals
In Friday's semifinals at the world ice hockey championships in
Sweden, the Czech Republic squared off against Finland, which it had
defeated in the first round. This time around, though, Finland came
out on top by the same score, 3-0, with the winning goal scored by
Helminen 14 seconds before the end of the first period. Next Peltonen,
the hero of the final on Sunday, scored in the third period, then
Nieminen closed out the match with a goal on the Czechs' empty net
after they pulled their goalie.
In the battle for the bronze medal with Canada, Geffert opened
the scoring for the Czechs, but again they fell. After goals from
Intranuovo and Fraser moved Canada into the lead, Husko and Jomphe
added two more for a 4-1 victory that confirmed the Czech's powerless
power plays.
In an old-timers' match featuring the best of the world versus
Sweden, the "old guard" line - Richter-Hlinka-Hrdina in front, with
Pospisil and Kaberle behind them - gave their younger counterparts
a few lessons in offense, as each of the forwards scored once in
a 5-3 victory for the World team over the Swedes. In the nets for the
World team was Dzurilla of Slovakia. Mirek Langer/M.L.
Slavia Praha Maintains Two-Point Lead Over Sparta
First-place Slavia Praha coasted to an easy 5-1 win at home over
Benesov in the 24th round of first-league soccer season. Also, Sparta
Praha, Slavia's opponent in the battle for the title, triumphed 3-1
over Brno, ranked no. 3, leaving no change in the top of the
standings. Banik Ostrava is in the midst of a crisis, losing to
Viktoria Zizkov in Ostrava 3-1.
Results: Svarc Benesov - Slavia Praha 1:5, Sparta Praha - Boby
Brno 3:1, Banik Ostrava - Viktoria Zizkov 1:3, Bohemians Praha
- Hradec Kralove 1:1, Petra Drnovice - Slovan Liberec 2:1, Ceske
Budejovice - Svit Zlin 1:0, FK Jablonec - Viktoria Plzen 1:1, Sigma
Olomouc - Union Cheb 2:1. Rudolf Cernik/Mirek Langer
Czechs and Slovaks Tie in Soccer
For the first team since the January 1993 breakup of
Czechoslovakia, Czechs and Slovaks faced each other on the soccer
field on Monday in Bratislava. While the Czech side was a collection
of players from its domestic league, the Slovak team included its best
players from abroad.
The Czechs controlled the first half, moving into the lead in the
32nd minute on a goal by Smejkal. The second half went better for the
Slovaks, whose pressure tactics paid off with a goal from Timko in the
57th minute.
Slovakia: Molnar - Zeman (Stupala), Glonek, Tomaschek - Kinder,
Balis, Weiss (Kozak), Moravcik, Prazenica - Timko (Maixner), Dubovsky.
Czech Republic: Kouba - Repka, Suchoparek, Kotulek - Hornak, Lerch,
Bejbl, Necas (Vavra), Smejkal - Drulak (Samec), Siegl.
Rudolf Cernik/Mirek Langer
German Lehmann Leads Czech Duo at Head of Peace Race
The Joko 95 Race for Peace cycling event started Friday in Ceske
Budejovice, with Germany's Lutz Lehmann picking up the yellow jersey
as the leader from the very first leg.
Lehman's lifelong dream to ride in the event came true, as he
outsprinted Czech heavyweights Trkal and Padrnos in both of the first
two legs. In Oberwiesenthal, Germany, Padrnos won over Trkal. In the
fourth lap, Rittsel of Sweden was the winner, but Lehmann still leads
overall by 11 seconds over Trkal and 13 seconds over Padrnos.
The Peace Race was founded in 1946. After the first few years,
the Prague, Warsaw and Berlin legs became the most well-known race of
its type for amateurs. Twice the race went to Moscow and Kiev too.
After communism fell in Eastern Europe, the initial idea of
a replacement Peace Race from Paris to Moscow for amateurs and
professionals never took place, while Poland and Germany one after the
other pulled out from the event. After three years the Peace Race
returned to Germany, and next year it will go back to being an "open"
event for both professionals and amateurs.
(After Carolina's Wednesday deadline, Padrnos won the Krkonose
Mountains leg to take over the yellow jersey.) Mirek Langer/M.L.
Czech Men's Table Tennis Remains Among World's Best
The Czech Republic's men's table tennis players finished 11th in
the world championships in Tian-xin, China, but held their own with
the world's best, playing evenly with Japan and France, and defeating
the always strong teams of Romania, Russia, Holland and Poland.
The Czech women lost their chance to advance after a loss to
Belgium and placed 29th, 10 notches down from Slovakia.
Mirek Langer/M. L.
SPORTS IN BRIEF
* Martin Koloc won one of two European championship truck races last
weekend in Italy to maintain his lead in the overall standings.
* Summer Night, ridden by Fiala and trained by Silhavy, won the first
classic horse race of the Czech summer season, the Spring Mare Prize.
* Czech weightlifting fans could only look back with nostalgia on last
year's results at the European championships in Sokolov, as the best
finish this year by a Czech was ninth - Krol and Zubricky, in the top
weight class.
* Jaroslav Hules failed to finish at the European 125 cc motorcycle
championships in Jerez, Spain, taking a fall while he was in second.
* After a good start, the Czechs were knocked out of the European
boxing championships before reaching the quarterfinals (Tibor Rafael,
the Czech Republic's best boxer, did not even make the trip to Warsaw
for fear of failing).
* Results from the world handball championships in Iceland: Czech Rep.
- Morocco 25:16, - Cuba 29:26, - Croatia 27:25.
* Among 16 countries the Czech men's volleyball team won the Spring
Tournament in Portugal, losing just two sets in six matches.
* Both Skoda Felicias withdrew on the first day of the Corsica Rally.
Mirek Langer/M.L.
WEATHER
Cold in May fills the barn months away. Roughly translated, this
is what the Czechs say about May, and the first part of the proverb
has certainly been fulfilled, with morning temperatures hovering at
around 5 degrees Celsius, climbing to 15-18 in the afternoon. And
rain. Rain. Rain. Lida Truneckova/Alex Zucker
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