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NL-KR Digest Volume 01 No. 12
NL-KR Digest (10/03/86 18:04:22) Volume 1 Number 12
Today's Topics:
Extensive Semantic Nets
Seminars:
CSLI Calendar, October 2, No. 1
Cognitive Science Seminar
CMU Machine Translation Project
Commonsense and Non-Monotonic Reasoning Seminar
ESCOL 86 Program
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Date: Fri 3 Oct 86 12:51:22-PDT
From: Ken Laws <Laws@SRI-STRIPE.ARPA>
Subject: Extensive Semantic Nets
In response to Sergei Nirenburg's request:
You might be able to extract a semantic net from the keywork indexing
schemes used by various library systems, bibliographic databases (e.g.,
that of the U.S. Army), or the Patent Office. I'm sure the Library
of Congress concept index must be available online somewhere.
-- Ken Laws
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Date: Wed, 1 Oct 86 12:12 EDT
From: Mike Blackburn <mikeb@nprdc.arpa>
CONFERENCE ANNOUNCEMENT: FIRST ANNUAL
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS
San Diego, California
21-24 June 1987
The San Diego IEEE Section welcomes neural network
enthusiasts in industry, academia, and government world-wide
to participate in the inaugural annual ICNN conference in
San Diego.
Papers are solicited on the following topics:
* Network Architectures * Learning Algorithms * Self-
Organization * Adaptive Resonance * Dynamical Network
Stability * Neurobiological Connections * Cognitive
Science Connections * Electrical Neurocomputers * Opti-
cal Neurocomputers * Knowledge Processing * Vision *
Speech Recognition & Synthesis * Robotics * Novel
Applications
Contributed Papers: Extended Abstract should be submitted by
1 February 1987 for Conference Presentation. The Abstract
must be single spaced, three to four pages on 8.5 x 11 inch
paper with 1.5 inch margins. Abstracts will be carefully
refereed. Accepted abstracts will be distributed at the
conference. Final Papers due 1 June 1986.
FINAL RELEASE OF ABSTRACTS AND PAPERS WITH RESPECT TO
PROPRIETARY RIGHTS AND CLASSIFICATION MUST BE OBTAINED
BEFORE SUBMITTAL.
Address all Corresspondence to: Maureen Caudill - ICNN
10615G Tierrasanta Blvd. Suite 346, San Diego, CA 92124.
Registration Fee: $350 if received by 1 December 1986, $450
thereafter.
Conference Venue: Sheraton Harbor Island Hotel (approx. $95
- single), space limited, phone (619) 291-6400. Other lodg-
ing within 10 minutes.
Tutorials and Exhibits: Several Tutorials are Planned. Ven-
dor Exhibit Space Available - make reservations early.
Conference Chairman: Stephen Grossberg
International Chairman: Teuvo Kohonen
Organizing Committee: Kunihiko Fukushima, Clark Guest,
Robert Hecht-Nielsen, Morris Hirsch, Bart Kosko (Chairman
619-457-5550), Bernard Widrow.
------------------------------
Date: Wed 1 Oct 86 17:14:06-PDT
From: Emma Pease <Emma@CSLI.STANFORD.EDU>
Subject: CSLI Calendar, October 2, No. 1
[Excepted from friends@CSLI]
NEXT WEEK'S TINLUNCH
Reading is E. H. Gombrich's essay
Meditations on a Hobby Horse or the Roots of Artistic Form
Discussion led by Geoff Nunberg
October 9, 1986
This is a classic paper in art criticism in which E. H. Gombric
formulates certain basic questions about the nature of representation,
in terms that are surprisingly relevant to a number of strands in
current CSLI research. He takes as his occasion a child's hobby
horse--a broomstick with a crudely carved head--and asks after its
relation to horses and horsehood. In his words: "How should we address
it? Should we describe it as an `image of a horse'?...A portrayal of
a horse? Surely not. A substitute for a horse? That it is." He goes
on to suggest that the "substitute" relation, which depends more on
functional than on formal similarities, that underlies representation
in general.
--------------
NEXT WEEK'S SEMINAR
Situations and Semantic Paradox
John Etchemendy and Jon Barwise
October 9, 1986
This seminar will be about the Liar paradox and its implications for
the foundations of semantics. It is based on our recently completed
book, "The Liar: an essay on truth and circularity."
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Date: 30 September 1986 1532-EDT
From: Elaine.Atkinson@A.CS.CMU.EDU
Subject: Cognitive Science Seminar
SPEAKER: Dr Richard Stern, CMU
TITLE: "Knowledge Representation in Automatic Speech Recognition"
DATE: Thursday, October 2
TIME: 4:00 p.m.
PLACE: Adamson Wing, Baker Hall
ABSTRACT: The CMU speech group is currently developing the first
truly speaker-independent large vocabulary continuous speech
understanding system. The system is presently operational and
it will be extended to a 1000-word vocabulary by early 1987.
Many pragmatic decisions must be made in defining the ways
in which speech and language knowledge is represented in such
a system, and in several respects the design philosophy of the
CMU system differs sharply from that of most conventiional
speech recognizers. This talk will discuss the representation of
knowledge about acoustic phonetics, pronunciation, syntax, grammar, and semanti
in terms of the implementations of the CMU speech recognition system.
------------------------------
Date: 29 September 1986 2318-EDT
From: Masaru.Tomita@A.CS.CMU.EDU
Subject: CMU Machine Translation Project
[Forwarded from the CMU-AI bboard by Laws@SRI-STRIPE.]
Monday morning at 10:35 am, CMU's Knowledge-Based Machine Translation
System correctly translated a Japanese sentence all the way into
English for the very first time without human intervention.
The input sentence was
"WATASHINOATAMANINIBUIITAMIGAARIMASHITA"
and the output was
"I had a dull pain in my head."
This is just the beginning; we have hundreds more problems to solve
over next years. The project officially started Febrary 1986.
The International Center for Machine Translation will be established
at CMU this fall to promote this kind of research.
At present, the system is limited to the domain of doctor-patient
communication. Within a month or so, we expect our system to be able
to handle the reverse direction (English-to-Japanese) as well.
We will start to work on the third language sometime this year;
the fourth next year. Our ultimate goal is to make the system
truely 'multi-lingual'; a system that can translate from any of
the major languages to any of the major languages through language-
independent semantic representation.
We will give a talk about the project sometime soon.
------------------------------
Date: 30 Sep 86 1255 PDT
From: Vladimir Lifschitz <VAL@SAIL.STANFORD.EDU>
Subject: Commonsense and Non-Monotonic Reasoning Seminar
The Yale Shooting: Non-Monotonic Formalisms Not Guilty
Vladimir Lifschitz (VAL@SU-AI)
Stanford University
Thursday, October 16, 4pm
MJH 252
John McCarthy has proposed to use circumscription for solving two problems
encountered in attempts to formalize reasoning about action, the "qualification
problem" and the "frame problem". His formulation was found to be inadequate. A
simple illustration was given by Steve Hanks and Drew McDermott, who considered
the sequence of 3 actions: LOAD (a gun), WAIT, and SHOOT (an individual named
Fred). They wrote axioms which describe properties of these actions in the style
of McCarthy's approach and showed that the expected result, Fred's death, cannot
be derived from the axioms using circumscription. This difficulty is mentioned by
McDermott, among others, in his paper, "Critique of Pure Reason", as an argument
against the "logicist" approach to AI.
Three papers presented at AAAI-86 (Kautz, Shoham and Lifschitz) met this
challenge by formalizing, in different contexts, the idea of "chronological
minimization": selecting models in which abnormal events occur as late as possible.
All these formulations had to modify or generalize McCarthy's definition of
circumscription.
In this talk I propose a solution not based on chronological minimization.
With a somewhat different choice of primitive predicates, the effects of actions
can be characterized by simple axioms in the language of situation calculus plus
traditional circumscription. Moreover, in these applications circumscription is
usually "tractable": its result can be determined by predicate completion and
similar methods.
------------------------------
Date: 1 Oct 1986 1730-EDT
From: Rich Thomason <THOMASON@C.CS.CMU.EDU>
Subject: ESCOL 86 Program
Eastern States Conference on Linguistics
University of Pittsburgh & Carnegie Mellon University
ESCOL 86: PROGRAM
All sessions will be held on the first floor of Forbes
Quadrangle, University of Pittsburgh. The location(s) for
computational linguistics demonstrations, to be held on Sunday
afternoon, October 12, will be announced at the conference.
The theme of ESCOL 86 is Linguistics at Work. Several sessions
are devoted specifically to applications of linguistics, but the
organizers of the conference were pleased to find that it was
difficult to draw a sharp line between "pure" and "applied"
linguistics: many papers in other sessions are also related to the
conference theme.
Friday, October 10
12:00-?? REGISTRATION
Session 1A: Linguistics at Work
1:00-1:30 Merrill Swain and Susanne Carroll, Ontario Institute for
Studies in Education. Grammar teaching/grammar learning: what input
do we really need?
1:30-2:00 David Barnwell, Columbia University. Who is to judge how
well others speak? An experiment with the ACTFL/ETS oral proficiency
scale.
2:00-2:30 Thomas Huckin and Zhendong Jin, Carnegie Mellon
University. Inferring word-meaning from context: a study of
reading comprehension and vocabulary building.
2:45-3:45 Lily Wong Fillmore, University of California at Berkeley.
Language in teaching: The role of linguistics in public education.
Session 1B
1:00-1:30 German Westphal, University of Maryland, Baltimore
County. LF reconstruction, the bijection principle, and the D/S
order of Spanish.
1:30-2:00 Janet Dean Fodor and Charles Jones, University of Connecticut.
Connectedness, C-command, and GPSG.
2:00-2:30 Peggy Andersen, University of Pittsburgh. An LFG
analysis of restructuring in Italian.
Session 2A: Linguistics at Work
4:15-4:45 Michael Gasser, University of California at Los Angeles.
Memory organization in the second language learner: a computational approach.
4:45-5:15 Lori Levin and Glynda Hull, University of
Pittsburgh. Punctuation: from novice to expert.
5:15-5:45 Larry Selinker, University of Michigan, and Dan Douglas,
Iowa State University. Longitudinal variation in two discourse
domains.
Session 2B
4:15-4:45 Arnold Zwicky, The Ohio State University and Stanford
University. Rule interactions in highly modular grammars.
4:45-5:15 Ann Grafstein, University of Western Ontario.
Configurationality and linguistic theory.
5:15-5:45 Ann M. Miller, The Ohio State University. On the
treatment of morphological idiosyncrasies: Classical Arabic evidence
favoring lexical representations over rules.
8:00-9:00 George A. Miller, Princeton University.
How school children learn words.
Saturday, October 11
Session 3A
9:00-9:30 Yukiko Sasaki Alam, University of Texas at Austin. Event
types, the properties and lexical entry for the Japanese aspectual
auxiliary verb iru-.
9:30-10:00 David A. Evans and Dana S. Scott, Carnegie Mellon
University. Concepts as procedures.
10:00-10:30 David Dowty, The Ohio State University. Collective
predicates, distributive predicates, and `all'.
10:45-11:15 Jaakko Hintikka, Florida State University. Is scope a
viable concept in semantics?
11:15-11:45 Mark Brown, Syracuse University. Quantifiers,
connectives, and relative clauses.
11:45-12:15 Peter Lasersohn, The Ohio State University. The
semantics of appositive and pseudo-appositive constructions.
Session 3B
9:00-9:30 A.T. Mahmoud, University of Pittsburgh. Passivization:
lexical vs. syntactic treatment.
9:30-10:00 Itziar Laka, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and
Juan Uriagereka, University of Connecticut. Barriers on Basque
wh-movement.
10:00-10:30 Kutz Arrieta, Brian Joseph, and Jane Smirniotopoulos, The
Ohio State University. How ergative is Basque?
10:45-11:15 Robert Chametzky, University of Chicago. Syntax
without the S.
11:15-11:45 William H. Eilfort, University of Chicago. On some
metalinguistic expressions in English.
11:45-12:15 Michael L. Geis and Zheng-Sheng Zhang, The Ohio
State University. Conditional sentences in speech act theory.
\h0c2:15-3:15\h3cCharles J. Fillmore, University of California at Berkeley.
Varieties of conditional sentences in English.
Session 4A: Linguistics at Work
3:30-4:00 Frank Anshen and Mark Aronoff, State University of
New York at Stony Brook, and Roy Byrd and Judith Klavans, T.J. Watson
Research Center, IBM. Ethnicity, syllabicity, and adjective affixes.
4:00-4:30 Andrea Tyler and William Nagy, University of
Illinois at Champaign. Syntactic, semantic, and distributional
properties of suffixes: differing orders of acquisition.
4:45-5:15 Brian MacWhinney, Carnegie Mellon University. A
psycholinguistically plausible parser.
5:15-5:45 David Zubin and Naicong Li, State University of New York
at Buffalo. Pragmatic control of pronouns and zeros in
Mandarin.
Session 4B
3:30-4:00 Walter F. Edwards, Wayne State University. Sociolinguistic
networking in an eastside Detroit neighborhood.
4:00-4:30 Edwin D. Floyd, University of Pittsburgh. Imperfect language
learning in ancient Greece: the evidence from Aristophanes.
4:45-5:15 Susan Berk-Seligson, University of Pittsburgh. The intersection
of testimony styles in interpreted judicial proceedings: alteration in Spanish
testimony.
5:15-5:45 Lawrence Solan, Law Firm of Orans Elsen & Lupert, New
York. The judge as linguist: linguistic principles as rule of law.
BUSINESS MEETING
7:00-10:00\h3cRECEPTION
Sunday, October 12
Session 5A: Linguistics at Work
9:00-9:30 David A. Evans and Sandra Katz, Carnegie-Mellon
University. A practical lexicon for constrained NLP.
9:30-10:00 Paula S.D. Mayer, Guy H. Bailey, and Richard J. Mayer,
Texas A. & M. University, and Argye Hillis and John E. Dvoracek,
Scott and White Hospital, Temple, Texas. Locative
inferences in medical texts.
10:00-10:30 Michael L. Mauldin, Carnegie-Mellon University.
Retrieving information using a text skimming parser.
10:40-11:40 Martin Kay, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. Monotonicity in
linguistics.
Session 5B
9:00-9:30 Thomas Ernst, The Ohio State University. Control and predication
in Mandarin Chinese.
9:30-10:00 Charles Perfetti and Sylvia Beverly, University of Pittsburgh.
Rumors about linguists growing ugly: how people parse newspaper headlines.
10:00-10:30 Diane Ringer Uber, Rutgers University. A particle
analysis of vocalic processes in Cuban Spanish.
Session 6A: Linguistics at Work
11:50-12:20 Jessie Pinkham, Weidner Communications Corporation. A phrase
structure grammar of English for a deterministic parser.
12:20-12:50 Tariq Samad, Honeywell Computer Sciences Center. A connectionist
network that learns case relations.
12:50-1:20 Merrie Bergmann, Smith College. Parsing conjunctions with a
categorial grammar.
Session 6B
11:50-12:20 Riitta Vilimaa-Blum, The Ohio State University. Finnish vowel
harmony as a a prescriptive and descriptive rule: an autosegmental approach.
12:20-12:50 Stuart Davis, University of Michigan. Autosegmental spreading
and phoneme copying in reduplicative processes.
12:50-1:20 David Odden, The Ohio State University. Anti-antigemination.
DEMONSTRATIONS
All demos will take place in the afternoon of Sunday, October
12, in Wean Hall and in the Laboratory for Computational Linguistics
(LCL) in Baker Hall 139. Except where noted, demos are concurrent.
Time Location System
2:00:300PM WeH 3207 Automated Machine Translation,
Universal Parser; M. Tomita and
J. Carbonell
3:00-6:00PM WeH 3207 PSLI-3; R. Frederking
2:00-6:00PM WeH 4605 RulePar; J. Carbonell and M. Kee
XCALIBUR; M. Boggs
NL-OPS; M. Boggs and S. Morrison
2:00-600 LCL CALLE; M. Rypa
Child Language Acquisition Database;
B. Macwhinney
QMR Interface, D. Evans and S. Katz
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End of NL-KR Digest
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