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NL-KR Digest Volume 02 No. 09
NL-KR Digest (2/26/87 15:29:14) Volume 2 Number 9
Today's Topics:
Upcoming::
Seminar - Formalizing the Figural (CSLI)
Colloquium: A Picture Theory of Mental Images
Conference - Change in Cognitive Science Conference
Conference: SUNY Buffalo Comp. Sci. Grad. Student Conference
For the Record:
Seminar: Prosidy and Speech Recognition
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Date: Wed 25 Feb 87 17:18:14-PST
From: Emma Pease <Emma@CSLI.Stanford.EDU>
Subject: Seminar - Formalizing the Figural (CSLI)
Tel: (415) 723-3561
Resent-Message-Id: <12282038743.15.LAWS@SRI-STRIPE.ARPA>
Resent-Message-Id: <12282155138.25.LAWS@SRI-STRIPE.ARPA>
Resent-Message-Id: <12282155826.25.LAWS@SRI-STRIPE.ARPA>
CSLI ACTIVITY FOR NEXT THURSDAY, 5 March 1987
2:15 p.m. CSLI Seminar
Classroom Formalizing the Figural
Ventura Trailers David Levy
(Dlevy.pa@xerox.com)
At the heart of two-dimensional graphical representation (instances of
which include writing, musical notation, blueprints, and maps) is the
notion of a `figure', a two-dimensional visual object that stands
against its `ground', and has the potential to maintain its identity
across changes in location and shape. In the appropriate contexts,
characters, paragraphs, lines of text, geometrical objects, and rivers
(in the typographical sense) all count as figures. An account of
figures (their compositional nature, their relations to other figures)
is necessary for the success of a number of enterprises: for example,
the development of theories of written language, the development and
assessment of notations for theories, and the design of theoretically
motivated figural editors (text editors, drawing programs, window
systems).
In this talk I will present a mathematical model of the figural
domain, which is being developed with Dan Brotsky and Ken Olson. The
current focus is on what is sometimes called "two and one half D," in
which two-dimensional figures can be positioned above or below one
another without any absolute measure of height. (This is the standard
discipline on today's workstations.) Issues I'll discuss include
static figures, figures changing over time, figural "aboveness,"
figure/ground phenomena, and the projection of a field of figures onto
a two-dimensional surface.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 87 09:57:35 EST
From: "William J. Rapaport" <rapaport%buffalo.csnet@RELAY.CS.NET>
Subject: Colloquium: A Picture Theory of Mental Images
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
GRADUATE GROUP IN COGNITIVE SCIENCE
MICHAEL J. TYE
Department of Philosophy
Northern Illinois University
A PICTURE THEORY OF MENTAL IMAGES
The picture theory of mental images has become a subject of hot debate
in recent cognitive psychology. Some psychologists, notably Stephen
Kosslyn, have argued that the best explanation of a variety of experi-
ments on imagery is that mental images are pictorial. Although Kosslyn
has valiantly tried to explain just what the basic thesis of the pic-
torial approach (as he accepts it) amounts to, his position remains dif-
ficult to grasp. As a result, I believe, it has been badly misunder-
stood, both by prominent philosophers and by prominent cognitive scien-
tists.
My aims in this paper are to present a clear statement of the picture
theory as it is understood by Kosslyn, to show that this theory presents
no threat to the dominant digital-computer model of the mind (contrary
to the claims of some well-known commentators), and to argue that the
issue of imagistic indeterminacy is more problematic for the opposing
linguistic or descriptional view of mental images than it is for the
picture theory.
Monday, March 9, 1987
3:30 P.M.
Park 280, Amherst Campus
Co-sponsored by: Department of Philosophy
Informal discussion at 8:00 P.M. at a place to be announced. Call Bill
Rapaport (Dept. of Computer Science, 636-3193 or 3181) or Gail Bruder
(Dept. of Psychology, 636-3676) for further information.
William J. Rapaport
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Computer Science, SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260
(716) 636-3193, 3180
uucp:
..!{allegra,boulder,decvax,mit-ems,nike,rocksanne,sbcs,watmath}!sunybcs!rapaport
csnet: rapaport@buffalo.csnet
bitnet: rapaport@sunybcs.bitnet
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 87 22:52:48 PST
From: levin@CS.UCLA.EDU
Reply-to: levin@CS.UCLA.EDU (Stuart Levine)
Subject: Conference - Change in Cognitive Science Conference
[Excerpted from AIList]
I have been asked to post this by Prof. Earl Hunt.
Note that there are two changes to the original: a new
submission deadline, and info on camera-ready papers.
Cognitive Science Society
Announcement of Meeting and Preliminary call for Papers
The Ninth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society will be held
on July 16-18, 1987 at the University of Washington. The dates have been
chosen to allow people to attend this conference and the conference
of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence, which meets in
Seattle earlier in the week. The conference will feature symposia and
invited speakers on the topics of mental models, educational and indus-
trial applications of cognitive science, discourse comprehension, the
relation between cognitive and neural sciences, and the use of connec-
tionist models in the cognitive sciences. The conference schedule will
include paper sessions and a poster session, covering the full range
of the cognitive sciences. The proceedings of the conference will be
published by L Erlbaum Associates.
Submitted papers are invited. These should cover original, unreported
work, research or analysis related to cognition. All submissions for
paper and poster sessions will be refereed.
All submitted papers and posters must include the following:
Author's name, address, and telephone number.
Set of four or fewer topic area keywords.
Four copies of the full paper (4000 words maximum) or poster
(2000 words maximum). Each copy should include a 100-250
word abstract.
Indication of preference for paper or poster session.
All papers MUST adhere to the following rules for preparation of
camera-ready copy. NOTE: Papers will NOT be sent back after
acceptance for modification. The accepted paper will be sent
directly to the publisher.
1 inch margins on both sides, top, and bottom.
Single spaced text. Figures centered on type page at
top or bottom.
Titles and author's names and institutions centered at
top of first page.
One line between title heading and text.
Use American Psychological Association publication format.
Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reprint
published material.
Send submissions to Earl Hunt, Department of Psychology,
University of Washington, Seattle, Wa 98195
Submissions are due by MARCH 16, 1987. NOTE NEW DATE
All members of the Cognitive Science society will receive a further
mailing discussing registration, accommodation, and travel.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 87 09:37:46 EST
From: "William J. Rapaport" <rapaport%buffalo.csnet@RELAY.CS.NET>
Subject: Conference: SUNY Buffalo Comp. Sci. Grad. Student Conference
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
UBGCCS-87
SECOND ANNUAL
GRADUATE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER SCIENCE
Topics:
Artificial Intelligence--Parallel Program Debugging
Visual Knowledge Representation--Hypercube Algorithms--Naive Physics
Model-Based Diagnosis--Computer Vision--Natural Language Understanding
Tuesday, March 10, 1987
8:00 A.M. - 5:00 P.M.
Center For Tomorrow
Amherst Campus, SUNY Buffalo
Program:
Ted F. Pawlicki
SUNY Buffalo
"The Representation of Visual Knowledge"
John M. Mellor-Crummey
University of Rochester
"Parallel Program Debugging with Partial Orders"
Susan J. Wroblewski
SUNY Buffalo
"Efficient Trouble Shooting in an Industrial Environment"
Ching-Huei Wang
SUNY Buffalo
"ABLS: An Object Recognition System for Locating Address Blocks on Mail Pieces"
Diane Horton
University of Toronto
"Presuppositions as Beliefs: A New Approach"
Norman D. Wahl
SUNY Buffalo
"Hypercube Algorithms to Determine Geometric Properties of Digitized Images"
Ganapathy Krishnan
SUNY Buffalo
"Bottom-Up Image Analysis for Color Separation"
Bart Selman
University of Toronto
"Vivid Representations and Analogues"
Soteria Svorou
SUNY Buffalo
"The Semantics of Spatial Extension Terms in Modern Greek"
Hing Kai Hung
SUNY Buffalo
"Semantics of a Recursive Procedure with Parameters and Aliasing"
Josh D. Tenenberg
University of Rochester
"Naive Physics and the Control of Inference"
Zhigang Xiang
SUNY Buffalo
"Multi-Level Model-Based Diagnostic Reasoning"
Registration begins at 8 A.M. (free)
First talk starts at 8:45 A.M.
Optional Buffet Luncheon ($5)
For program and registration information, please contact:
Lynda Spahr (716) 636-2464
ubg-ccs%buffalo
UBGCCS-87
226 Bell Hall
SUNY at Buffalo
Buffalo, New York 14260
Sponsored by:
SUNY Buffalo Computer Science Graduate Student Association
SUNY Buffalo Department of Computer Science
SUNY Buffalo Graduate Student Association
------------------------------
Date: 15 Feb 87 18:09:58 EST
From: Edward.Gibson@cad.cs.cmu.edu
Subject: Seminar: Prosidy and Speech Recognition
COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS SEMINAR
Speaker: Alex Waibel, CMU
Date: Thursday, February 19
Time: 12:00 noon
Place: Porter Hall 125-C
Topic: Prosody and Speech Recognition
ABSTRACT:
Although numerous studies have demonstrated that prosodic cues (e.g.,
pitch, intensity, rhythm, temporal relationships, and stress) are
critical to human speech perception, most automatic speech recognition
systems process only spectral/phonetic cues.
In this talk I will describe work that demonstrates the power of using
multiple complementary sources of knowledge in a constraint
satisfaction task such as speech recognition. We first introduce and
evaluate several novel algorithms to extract prosodic parameters
reliably. We then implement and evaluate prosodic knowledge sources
that apply the extracted parameters at appropriate processing levels
including the lexical, syntactic and sentential levels. To permit
large vocabulary capability, the knowledge source designs emphasize a
concern for minimizing lexical search, exploiting parallelism and
speaker-independent and/or template-independent operation.
Extensive performance evaluation shows that the performance of a
phonetic word hypothesizer could almost be tripled by complementing it
with several prosodic knowledge sources running in parallel. At the
sentential level of processing, a pitch contour knowledge source
reduces syntactic and pragmatic ambiguity by discriminating between
statement and question "tunes". Stress was found to distinguish
syntactic categories such as function words and content words in a
spoken sentence.
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End of NL-KR Digest
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