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How to write mathematical equations using LaTeX in Neperos

Francesco Arca (@Francesco)

Published in

Neperos

· 1 year ago

In this tutorial I'll explain the steps to integrate LaTeX equations into a Nepero's article.

LaTeX is the de facto standard widely used for communication and publication of scientific and mathematical documents, renowned for its ability to render high-quality mathematical equations.

After creating the journal, go to the journal's main page and write the title of the article, then press draft (1).

How to write mathematical equations using LaTeX in Neperos

The draft of the article will be created.

Press the icon ≡ (2) in the top-left corner of the page

then select drafts (3).

Select the draft you would like to edit (in this example there is only one) and press the 3 dots icon ⋮ (4) in the top-right angle

Select Edit draft (5).

A new window will appear. Write some text and position the caret where you would like to have the equation (6), then press f(x) (7).

A pop-up window will appear.

Type your equation in LaTeX format in the central field (8).

In this example I have inserted F=G\cdot\frac{{m_1}{m_2}}{{r^2}}.

While you type the equation Neperos generates in real-time the preview of the rendered equation, that in this case will be

F=G\cdot\frac{{m_1}{m_2}}{{r^2}}

When you are done typing the equation press insert (9).

You should now see something like:

The equation has been added to the draft's text (10) and highlighted in light blue.

We finally reach the final step. Press now the green button Save at the bottom of the page to save your draft.

Congratulations :) You created your first draft containing a LaTeX equation.

The text of the draft should look like:

with the equation beautifully rendered.

If you are interested in knowing the parameters of the previous equation, they are:

( F ) is the gravitational force between the two objects,
( G ) is the gravitational constant ( G \approx 6.674 \times 10^{-11} \ \text{Nm}^2 / \text{ kg}^2 ) ,
( m_1 ) and ( m_2 ) are the masses of the two objects,
( r ) is the distance between the centers of the masses.

By leaving an empty line between the text and the equation, the equation will be rendered centered to the screen.

For example the drain current ( I_{\text{D}} ) in a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) can be described by:

I_{\text{D}} = \frac{1}{2} \mu_{n} C_{\text{ox}} \frac{W}{L} \left(V_{\text{gs}} - V_{\text{th}}\right)^2

Once you are happy with the final result, press publish to convert the draft into an article so that everyone can read it.

How to update a LaTeX equation in Neperos

To update an equation, click on the equation you want to edit and make sure the caret is on it (11). Then press the f(x) (12) button.

A window will appear. Edit the text of the equation

then press update (13).

Notes

Neperos performs a LaTeX syntax check. In case of error the equation (or part of it) will be highlighted in red.

For example, if you incorrectly type \frc instead of \frac (fraction) Neperos will highlight the part of the equation that contains the error, making it easier to correct.

I would like to conclude this tutorial with some examples, to give an idea of what can be achieved.

Examples

Following are some examples.

Systems of equations

A system of three equations in three variables can be written in LaTeX as

\begin{cases} 
  2x + 4y - 2z &= 8  \\ 
  2x + 3y      &= 12 \\ 
  7x - 3y + 4z &= 3 
\end{cases}

which will be rendered as

\begin{cases} 2x + 4y - 2z &= 8 \\ 2x + 3y &= 12 \\ 7x - 3y + 4z &= 3 \end{cases}

Vectors and matrices

A simple vector can be written as \vec x and rendered as \vec x . In matrix form the vector can be written as

{x}=\begin{bmatrix} x_{1} \\ x_{2} \\ x_{3} \\ \vdots \\ x_{n} \end{bmatrix}

which will be rendered as

{x}=\begin{bmatrix} x_{1} \\ x_{2} \\ x_{3} \\ \vdots \\ x_{n} \end{bmatrix}

A simple matrix can be written in LaTeX as

A= \underbrace{ 
\begin{bmatrix} 
  a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\ 
  a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} \\ 
  a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} 
\end{bmatrix}}_{\text{this is A matrix}}

which will be rendered as

A= \underbrace{\begin{bmatrix}a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23}\\a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33}\end{bmatrix}}_{\text{this is A matrix}}

while the following product of two matrices

\begin{bmatrix} 
  a_{11} & a_{12} & \cdots & a_{1n} \\ 
  a_{21} & a_{22} & \cdots & a_{2n} \\ 
  \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 
  a_{m1} & a_{m2} & \cdots & a_{mn} 
\end{bmatrix} 
\times 
\begin{bmatrix} 
  b_{11} & b_{12} & \cdots & b_{1p} \\ 
  b_{21} & b_{22} & \cdots & b_{2p} \\ 
  \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 
  b_{n1} & b_{n2} & \cdots & b_{np} 
\end{bmatrix} 
= 
\begin{bmatrix} 
  c_{11} & c_{12} & \cdots & c_{1p} \\ 
  c_{21} & c_{22} & \cdots & c_{2p} \\ 
  \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ 
  c_{m1} & c_{m2} & \cdots & c_{mp} 
\end{bmatrix}

will produce

\begin{bmatrix} a_{11} & a_{12} & \cdots & a_{1n}\\ a_{21} & a_{22} & \cdots & a_{2n}\\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots\\ a_{m1} & a_{m2} & \cdots & a_{mn}\end{bmatrix}\times\begin{bmatrix} b_{11} & b_{12} & \cdots & b_{1p}\\ b_{21} & b_{22} & \cdots & b_{2p}\\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots\\ b_{n1} & b_{n2} & \cdots & b_{np}\end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} c_{11} & c_{12} & \cdots & c_{1p}\\ c_{21} & c_{22} & \cdots & c_{2p}\\ \vdots & \vdots & \ddots & \vdots\\ c_{m1} & c_{m2} & \cdots & c_{mp}\end{bmatrix}

Finally a fantasy-elaborated LaTeX equation

S(\omega)= \sqrt{a} 
\cdot (\sum_{N} \frac {1} {N^s}) 
\cdot({\log_2\pi})^5 
\cdot \Big[\frac{\omega_0^5}{\int_{0}^\infty x^n e^{-x} \mathrm dx}\Bigr] 
\cdot\exp\Big[-3^{\frac{\varphi^n – (-\frac{1}{\varphi})^n}{\omega_0}}\Bigr]^5

S(\omega)= \sqrt{a} \cdot (\sum_{N} \frac {1} {N^s}) \cdot({\log_2\pi})^5\cdot \Big[\frac{\omega_0^5}{\int_{0}^\infty x^n e^{-x} \mathrm dx}\Bigr] \cdot\exp\Big[-3^{\frac{\varphi^n – (-\frac{1}{\varphi})^n}{\omega_0}}\Bigr]^5

End of the tutorial