Copy Link
Add to Bookmark
Report
AIList Digest Volume 7 Issue 007
AIList Digest Wednesday, 25 May 1988 Volume 7 : Issue 7
Today's Topics:
Queries - Fifth Generation Project Status
Exciting work in AI
expert system building tools
References Needed: Case based reasoning
Qualitative Reasoning
Information about Translator Systems
Responses - ai languages on unix
Analogical reasoning
Reasoning by Analogy
Pointers to Social Theory
proof checker
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 13 May 88 09:55:00 EDT
From: Mark (M.P.) Turchan <MPTURCHA%BNR.BITNET@MITVMA.MIT.EDU>
Subject: Query on Fifth Generation Project Status
I'm probably not the first one to point this out to John Nagle,
but the Fifth Generation Project is a TEN YEAR program and not
a FIVE YEAR program. It is just completing its second phase
of research. If John or others are interested in its current
status, then I suggest they visit Tokyo from November 28 -
December 2, 1988, when the 1988 International Conference on
Fifth Generation Computer Systems is to be held, sponsored by ICOT.
I'm sure that you can find out the latest news on the project
when you attend this conference.
Yes, it has been five years since the Feigenbaum and McCorduck
book on the Fifth Generation Project was first published. While
it is quite clear that the book was more of an attempt to lobby
for increased levels of AI research funding in the U.S. in response
to the "Fifth Generation Challenge", I do not believe that the
book offered much insight into the project itself. It seems to
have succeeded in increasing the funding however, at least in
the U.S. In Canada, we are having a difficult time convincing
the Canadian Government that more money could be spent on AI
R&D.
For a much more recent treatment of the Fifth Generation Project,
I recommend that everyone read the following book:
The Fifth Generation Fallacy: Why Japan is Betting Its
Future on Artificial Intelligence
by J. Marshall Unger Oxford Univ. Press 1987
ISBN 0-19-504939-X
This book has little to do with AI, and does not say much about
the Fifth Generation Project, but it offers a very convincing
argument as to the underlying motivation (problems with
machine processing of the Japanese language) for a project in
Japan such as the Fifth Generation program. The author spent
1985 at the University of Tokyo, and collected much of the
material for this book while in Japan.
I have no affiliation with the author of this book, other than
the fact that I was conducting research at the U of Tokyo around
the same time as he was. Unfortunately we were in different faculties,
so I never met him. I quite agree with his perspective, however.
Mark Paul Turchan BITNET: MPTURCHA@BNR
AI Exploratory
Bell-Northern Research Ltd.
P.O. Box 3511, Station C
Ottawa, Ontario, CANADA K1Y 4H7
(613) 765-2700
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 15 May 88 17:10:42
From: Spencer Star <STAR%LAVALVM1.BITNET@MITVMA.MIT.EDU>
Subject: Analogical reasoning
This is an answer to a request for sources on analogical reasoning.
D. Gentner & C. Toupin, "Systematicity and surface similarity in the
development of analogy", COGNITIVE SCIENCE, 10, 277-300 (1986).
J. Carbonell, "Derivational Analogy: A theory of ....", in R. Michalski,
J. Carbonell, T. Mitchell, _Machine Learning_, (vol 1), 1983.
S. Kedar-Cabelli, "Analogy--From a unified perspective", Laboratory for
Computer Science Research, Hill Center, Rutgers University, Technical
Report ML-TR-3 (Dec 1985).
Rogers P. Hall, "Understanding analogical reasoning: computational
approaches", Department of Informatin and Computer Science,
University of California, Irvine, 92717, Nov 1986
Many more papers appear in proceedings from AAAI and IJCAI. It is an
active area in machine learning also. I understand Hall's paper was going
to be published in AI Journal. That paper and Kedar-Cabelli's are fairly
long surveys.
--Spencer Star
------------------------------
Date: 16 May 88 06:30:00 GMT
From: goldfain@osiris.cso.uiuc.edu
Subject: Re: ai languages on unix wanted
Stony Brook Prolog is public domain and runs on Unix systems.
SBProlog is currently maintained by Prof. S.K. Debray at Univ. of
Arizona.
------------------------------
Date: 16 May 88 10:31:50 GMT
From: eagle!icdoc!qmc-cs!flash@bloom-beacon.MIT.EDU (Flash Sheridan)
Subject: Re: ai languages on unix wanted
Look at PopLog. It's got an okay Common Lisp and a Prolog, plus Pop-11.
It's cheap or free to academics.
Try aarons@cvaxa.susx.ac.uk
From: flash@ee.qmc.ac.uk (Flash Sheridan)
Reply-To: sheridan@nss.cs.ucl.ac.uk
or_perhaps_Reply_to: flash@cs.qmc.ac.uk
------------------------------
Date: 16 May 88 13:22:26 GMT
From: aplcen!jhunix!apl_aimh@mimsy.umd.edu (Marty Hall)
Subject: Re: Reasoning by Analogy
>In article <1533@csvax.liv.ac.uk> stian@csvax.liv.ac.uk writes:
>Does anyone know of any work done on reasoning by analogy. Any references
>received gratefully.
There are several applicable articles in Proceedings of DARPA "Case-Based
Reasoning Workshop". Proceedings were published last week, and assumedly
are available from the publisher - Morgan Kaufmann, 2929 Campus Dr, San
Mateo, CA, 94403.
- Marty Hall
--
ARPA (preferred) - hall@alpha.ece.jhu.edu [hopkins-eecs-alpha.arpa]
UUCP - ..seismo!umcp-cs!jhunix!apl_aimh | Bitnet - apl_aimh@jhunix.bitnet
Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MS 100/601, AAI Corp, PO Box 126,
Hunt Valley, MD 21030 (301) 683-6455
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 16 May 88 11:38:07 EDT
From: <kroddis@ATHENA.MIT.EDU>
Subject: ai languages on unix wanted
Gabe Nault asked about PROLOGs that run on UNIX. Quintus PROLOG
(Marketing Department, Quintus Computer Systems, 1310 Villa St,
Mountain View, CA 94041, 415/965-7700) runs under UNIX on Sun, Apollo,
Vax and probably more. Given the comment about the $2000 fee for STAR,
I suspect Quintus will be beyond Gabe's budget. How about C Prolog?
This is by Fernando Pereira who I think is at the AI Center, SRI
International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA 94025,
PEREIRA@SRI-AI. I have used C Prolog on Athena at MIT (UNIX on DEC and
IBM equipment) and not had any difficulties.
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Kim Roddis |
| Rm 5-332A |
| Civil Engineering Dept. |
| MIT |
| Cambridge, MA 02139 |
| kroddis@athena.mit.edu (INTERNET) |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 16 May 88 14:10:30 BST
From: Gilbert Cockton <gilbert%cs.glasgow.ac.uk@NSS.Cs.Ucl.AC.UK>
Subject: Pointers to Social Theory
I recall someone asking for references on criticisms of
Systems Theory, presumably in social theory.
The best place to start is with any of Anthony Giddens work.
He's been prolific on social theory since the 1970s, and I can't
recommend any particular one of his books. Giddens addresses Systems
Theory as one of many candidate underpinnings for social theory.
Criticisms of the Systems Perspective (and Talcott-Parson's related
Functionalism, hopefully not the only social theory Americans have
encountered) will be found in most theoretical discussions of Social
Theory, but if you can't lay your hands on anything by Giddens, do try
to find something from the European tradition, because this is where
most modern social theory has originated.
Given the detachment of the Anglo-Saxon logical and empiricist
traditions (which dominate much US/UK philosophy) from continental
philosphy and social theory, many readers may find contemporary social
theory dense and inpenetrable. Be warned, it is not written according
to the tenets of technical writing, and has to be read actively.
Giddens later work will probably be the easiest for beginners.
(I saw someone cite Lucy Suchman's book in the comp.ai debate - if you
can handle the language there, you should be OK with other
social theory).
If anyone is put off reading social theory because of the
language, think how Godel/Montague comes across to a sociologist!
------------------------------
Date: 17 May 88 13:19:24 GMT
From: babbage!reiter@husc6.harvard.edu (Ehud Reiter)
Subject: Exciting work in AI
About a month ago, I posted a note asking if any "exciting" work existed
in AI which:
1) Was highly thought of by at least 50% of AI researchers.
2) Was a positive contribution, not an analysis showing problems
in previous work.
3) Was in AI as narrowly defined (i.e. not in robotics or vision)
Well, I'm still looking. I have received some suggestions, but almost
all of them have seemed problematical. The most promising were Spencer
Star's suggestions for exciting work in machine learning (published in
a previous AIList, including Valiant's theoretical analyses, Quinlan's
decision trees, and explanation-based learning). However, after
looking at some books and course syllabi in machine learning, I was
forced to conclude that the topics mentioned by Spencer did not satisfy
condition (1), as the topics he mentioned had very little overlap with
the topics in the books and syllabi (which, incidentally, had very
little overlap with each other).
So, I'm still looking for work which meets the above criteria, and hoping
to thereby convince my friend that there is some cohesion to AI. If anyone
has suggestions, please send them to me!
Ehud Reiter
reiter@harvard (ARPA,BITNET,UUCP)
reiter@harvard.harvard.EDU (new ARPA)
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 17 May 88 11:17:17
From: Leslie Burkholder <lb0q+@andrew.cmu.edu>
Subject: proof checker
Two queries concerning proof checkers have appeared. How about either
(1) The Boyer-Moore theorem prover.
Contact
Computational Logic Inc
1717 West Sixth St Suite 290
Austin Texas 78703
(2) Mizar.
Contact
Andrzej Trybulec / Howard Blair
EECS
University of Connecticut
Storrs CT 06268
Leslie Burkholder
(If anyone suggests anything else please let me know.)
------------------------------
Date: 20 May 88 09:20:36 GMT
From: mcvax!ukc!its63b!aiva!kk@uunet.uu.net (Kathleen King)
Subject: expert system building tools
I'm trying to find out what folk think of various expert system building
tools they have experience with. If there's enough interest I'll post
the results to the net. Ta.
Do you now or have you ever used any of the following tools?
Acquaint (A.K.A 'Daisy')
APES
Arity Expert System Development Package
ART
Auto-Intelligence
Crystal
DUCK
ENVISAGE and SAGE
ES Environment
ESP advisor
ESP Frame Engine
EST(Expert Systems Toolkit)
Experkit
ExperOps
Expert Controller
Expert Ease/Super Expert
Expert Edge
Exsys
Ex-Tran 7
1st Class
1st Class Fusion
Flops
GEST (Generic Expert System Tool)
GOLDWORKS
GURU
G2
HUMBLE
Insight 2+
Intelligence/Compiler
KDS 3
KEATS (Knowledge Engineer's Assistant)
KEE
KES (Knowledge Engineering System)
Keystone
Knowledge Craft
Knowledge Workbench
Knowol
Leonardo
Lisp In-Ate/Micro In-Ate
LOOPS
M1
MacKIT
MicroExpert
Muse
Nexpert/Nexpert Object
Nexus
OPS5
OPS83
Personal Consultant Easy
Personal Consultant Plus
PICON
RuleMaster 2
Savoir
Super Expert
S1
TIMM
TOPSI
TWAICE
VP Expert
Wisdom XS
Xi Plus
XPER
XSYS
If so I'd greatly appreciate hearing your answers to the following questions.
1) How long did it take to learn?
2) Did you teach yourself or get 'learning support'?
3) Do you still use it?
4) Would you choose it again or something else?
5) What sort of application have you used it for?
6) Have you used it for more than one application?
I realise that many PC users who might have these tools do not have access to
the net. Second hand information from them is just as valuable.
Thanks verrrry much.
------------------------------
Date: 23 May 88 16:27:33 GMT
From: csli!leey@labrea.stanford.edu (Chin Lee)
Subject: References Needed: Case based reasoning
Could anyone point me to some good references to Case Based Reasoning?
Thanks in advance.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 23 May 88 13:35:17 edt
From: Mr. David Smith <dsmith@gelac.arpa>
Subject: ai languages on unix
Gabe Nault asked about Unix hosted AI languages. A version of TOPSI, an
OPS-5 rule-based system runs on Unix. They can be reached at (404) 565-0771.
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 24 May 88 08:53:11 GMT
From: Roberto Bruzzese <BRUZZESE%IBACSATA.BITNET@MITVMA.MIT.EDU>
Subject: Qualitative Reasoning
I'm trying to build a prototype using commonsense reasoning, here at
CSATA-Technopolis Laboratories (ITALY).
I wonder if somebody could mail me some info or article about
- availability of computer systems using commonsense
reasoning
- technical difficulties in building such systems
I'm also looking for articles and state of art info on Qualitative Modelling.
Thank in advance,
Roberto Bruzzese
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 24 May 88 18:19:42
From: UZR515%DBNRHRZ1.BITNET@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU
Subject: Information about Translator Systems
Subject: Wanted: Information on current or old work in designing and
implementation of Computer Translation Systems
I am beginning the design and implementation of an automatic translator
System, which should translate english copmuter text-books in persian!
I would greatly appreciate any descriptions of or references to research
in this area, as well as information on what translator systems are
available, especially the work on analysing of english sentences and
implementation of dictionaries.
Good luck!
Hooshang
------------------------------
End of AIList Digest
********************
