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The United Phreakers Incorporated Newsletter Volume 1 Issue 1
(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)
(*) (*)
(*) The Lost Avenger And United Phreaker's Incorporated Proudly Presents (*)
(*) (*)
(*) UPi Newsletter Volume #1, Issue #1 (*)
(*) (*)
(*) The Beginner's Guide To Hacking On Datapac (*)
(*) (*)
(*) Originally Written On October 22, 1990 For Spectrum Issue #1 (*)
(*) (*)
(*) Edited & Re-released On April 25, 1990 (*)
(*) (*)
(*) Copyright 1991 - All Rights Reserved (*)
(*) (*)
(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)(*)
Welcome to the first return issue of the UPi newsletter. This file was
originally released for Spectrum Issue #1, and I decided that the public's
positive reaction to this file was so tremendous that it made me decide to
re-release the file again as the first Issue of the new UPi Newsletter. Hope
you enjoy reading this file as I did writing it.
The Lost Avenger
UPi President/Ultra Logic
- Table Of Contents -
Part I Disclaimer
Part II Introduction
Part III The Ten Commandments of Hacking
Part IV How To Find Different Types Of Systems On Datapac
Part V How To Connect To Datapac
Part VI Explanation Of Datapac's "Call Connected" Message
Part VII Datapac Network Messages
Part VIII What Is A NUI?
Part IX Why Have A NUI?
Part X Datapac Family Of Services
(a) Datapac 3000
(b) Datapac 3101
(c) Datapac 3201
(d) Datapac 3203 (BSC)
(e) Datapac 3203 (SDLC)
(f) Datapac 3304
(g) Datapac 3305
(h) Datapac Access Software (DAS)
Part XI Identifing The Different Operating Systems
(a) Hp-x0000
(b) Prime
(c) Tops
(d) Unix
(e) Vax/Vms
(f) Vm/370
Part XII Conclusion
Part XIII Personal Greetings, UPi Member And Site Information, How To
Contact The Members Of UPi, How To Join UPi As A Member And/Or
Site
Appendix A Datapac 3000 Public Dial Ports
Appendix B Datapac 3101 Public Dial Ports
Appendix C Datapac 3305 Public Dial Ports
Appendix D Datapac Network Identifier Codes (DNIC)
Appendix E Trouble Shooting
Appendix F CCITT Recommendations
Appendix G Glossary
- Part I -
- Disclaimer -
The purpose of this document is to educate people about the Datapac
network. The author nor the group (United Phreaker's Incorporated) will be
held responsible for the reader's actions before, during, and following
exposure to this document as well as the validity or accuracy of the
information contained within this document.
- Part II -
- Introduction -
After reading through my large collection of g-files. I have found that
there hasn't been a good text file for beginner about hacking the Datapac
network. This guide will give a general insite on how to identity different
types of operating systems when you are hacking about Datapac, and on generally
basic information about Datapac. I hope this will give you more knowledge
about the Datapac network to help get you started. Hope you learn a lot about
Datapac and enjoy reading it at the same time.
- Part III -
- The Ten Commandments of Hacking -
These are the ten rules of hacking that I go by when I hack around on
systems. These rules are important in order maintain from being caught or
discovered illegally hacking on a system.
I. Do not intentionally damage *any* system.
II. Do not alter any system files other than ones needed to ensure your
escape from detection and your future access (Trojan Horses, Altering
Logs, and the like are all necessary to your survival for as long as
possible.)
III. Do not leave your (or anyone else's) real name, real handle, or real
phone number on any system that you access illegally. They *can* and
will track you down from your handle!
IV. Be careful who you share information with. Feds are getting trickier.
Generally, if you don't know their voice phone number, name, and
occupation or haven't spoken with them voice on non-info trading
conversations, be wary.
V. Do not leave your real phone number to anyone you don't know. This
includes logging on boards, no matter how k-rad they seem. If you
don't know the sysop, leave a note telling some trustworthy people
that will validate you.
VI. Do not hack government computers. Yes, there are government systems
that are safe to hack, but they are few and far between. And the
government has infinitely more time and resources to track you down than
a company who has to make a profit and justify expenses.
VII. Don't use codes unless there is *NO* way around it (you don't have a
local Telenet or Tymnet outdial and can't connect to anything 800...)
You use codes long enough, you will get caught. Period.
VIII. Don't be afraid to be paranoid. Remember, you *are* breaking the law.
It doesn't hurt to store everything encrypted on your hard disk, or
keep your notes buried in the backyard or in the trunk of your car.
You may feel a little funny, but you'll feel a lot funnier when you
when you meet Bruno, your transvestite cellmate who axed his family to
death.
IX. Watch what you post on boards. Most of the really great hackers in the
country post *nothing* about the system they're currently working
except in the broadest sense (I'm working on a UNIX, or a COSMOS, or
something generic. Not "I'm hacking into General Electric's Voice Mail
System" or something inane and revealing like that.)
X. Don't be afraid to ask questions. That's what more experienced hackers
are for. Don't expect *everything* you ask to be answered, though.
There are some things (LMOS, for instance) that a beginning hacker
shouldn't mess with. You'll either get caught, or screw it up for
others, or both.
- Part IV -
- How To Find Different Types Of Systems On Datapac -
I think in my own opinion the best way to find systems is by scanning them
out. Getting them off a board or off a friend is not very safe as they may
already have been hacked to death. Now you are probably wondering how you scan
for systems, well this is what you do. First you select a four digit number
representing the area you want to scan, for example 4910 or something like
that. What you do from there is when you connect to the Datapac network (See
Part V for more details on how to connect to Datapac) you type ".." and press
enter. You should get some kind message such as "DATAPAC: XXXX XXXX" (with
XXXX XXXX the Datapac node number you are on). Once you get that message you
will enter a four digit number (the prefix) that you have selected, but don't
press enter yet. After that type in another four digit number (the suffix)
your have selected and press enter. Datapac will give respond to that by
giving you a Network Message which is discussed later (see Part VII for the
Datapac Network Messages). These messages will tell you if the system you are
trying to reach is out of service, up, busy, and so on. If you have
successfully connected to a system and want to disconnect from if and go back
into Datapac type in the following string "<Control>-P Clear <Enter>". To
continue scanning for more systems just keep on adding one to the last digit of
the number in the suffix that you entered before and press enter. To keep on
scanning just continue this until whatever suits your needs, for example you may
start scanning at 4910 0000 and could stop scanning at 4910 1000.
- Part V -
- How To Connect To Datapac -
1) Make sure your computer on.
2) Load your terminal program.
3) Call your local Datapac node. (See Appendix A, B, And C for a Datapac
node phone number closes to you.)
4) Once connect type to Datapac type in "..<Enter>". Datapac will respond to
this with the following message:
DATAPAC: XXXX XXXX
The XXXX XXXX is the Datapac node number you are on. If you didn't get
that message listed above then see Appendix E for more details on
troubleshooting.
5) Enter your Network User Identifier (NUI) and press enter. If you don't
have one then skip this number and goto number 6. (For more information on
NUI's see Part VIII and Part IX). Otherwise Datapac will respond with the
following message:
PASSWORD:
XXXXXX
If Datapac did not send that message then that means that NUI that you
entered is not a valid one. If you did get this message then enter the
password assigned and press enter. Datapac will respond with either one of
the following messages:
DATAPAC: network user identifier <Your NUI> active.
Which means that the password entered is correct.
DATAPAC: network user identifier error
Which means that the password entered is not correct.
Note - If you have the NUI on and want to turn it off then type in the
following command:
NUI Off<Enter>
From there Datapac will send:
DATAPAC: network user identifier not active
Which means that you are no longer using the NUI.
6) Enter the Network User Address (NUA) to access and press enter If it
connects to the NUA that your specified, it will display this message:
DATAPAC: Call connected to: XXXX XXXX
The XXXX XXXX is the Datapac node you have connected to. Otherwise it will
display a different message. (See Part VI for the other Datapac Network
Messages)
- Part VI -
- Explanation Of Datapac's "Call Connected: Message" -
When a Datapac call is established through the network, a call
connected message is received at the originating DTE. All or some of the
following messages may be identified depending on the type of call, options
used for the call, and the type of destination.
Example:
[HUNTED] [BACKED UP] [BACKED UP & HUNTED]
[i LCN] [P/N PACKETSIZE: (128 OR 256)] [NUI (6 to 8 CHAR)CHARGING]
[CUG:(CUG#)] [REVERSE CHARGE]
MESSAGE EXPLANATION
------- -----------
Call connected to: XXXXXXXX A virtual circuit has been established between
an originating DTE and a remote (receiving)
DTE.
Hunted The remote logical channel is part of a hunt
group.
Backed Up The call attempt to the remote DTE has failed.
The network has re-directed the call to another
predetermined DTE that has been optioned as
backup.
i The call has been placed to an international
address.
P Priority service. Packet size: 128.
N Normal service. Packet size: 128 or 256.
DNA Data Network Address of the originating DTE.
LCN Logical Channel Number of the recipient DTE.
NUI The call will be billed to the 6 to 8 character
Network User Identifier.
CUG The recipient DTE is part of a closed user
group.
Reverse Charge The recipient DTE has accepted the charge
associated with the established call.
- Part VII -
- Datapac's Network Messages -
There are thirty-three messages which may appear when you are accessing the
Datapac network. All of these network-generated messages which are sent to a
terminal, are written as "Datapac: text". The "text" will be one of the
following messages:
ADDRESS
This is a Datapac herald message for an SVC terminal. The "address"
displayed is your Datapac network address. This message indicates that you are
connected to the Datapac network. Proceed with the call request command.
{P,R} TERMINAL ADDRESS -- (DESTINATION ADDRESS LOGICAL CHANNEL)
This is a Datapac herald message for a PVC terminal. It indicates that you
are connected to the network (address and destination address)
CLOSED USER GROUP ERROR INVALID ADDRESS, MORE THAN 12 DATA CHARACTERS, or COMMA
REQUIRED BEFORE DATA CHARACTERS
These messages indicate an error in the call request command--correct and
re-enter the command.
CALLED BY [P][R] or [N][I] ADDRESS (XXX)
This message indicates that a host or terminal has called you. Proceed
with sign-on. (Note: P or N denotes grade of service. R specifies the
charging option, if applicable. I specifies that it is an international call.
(XXX) specifies the logical channel number if it is a national call, and
specifies the gateway id if it is an international call.
CALL CONNECTED
This message indicates that the SVC connection between your terminal and
the destination has been established successfully.
RE-ENTER
This message indicates that a transmission error has occurred in the
current input line. Re-enter the line. If the problem persists, report the
trouble to Telecom Canada.
INPUT DATA LOST
This message indicates that a transmission error has occurred. Since part
of your input line has already been transmitted to the destination, enter a
"line delete" character for your application and a carriage return (CR). When
the destination replies, re-enter the line.
PARITY ERROR
This message indicates that a parity error has occurred in the current
input line from a terminal which is operating in echo mode. The character
which is in error is not echoed. Re-enter the character and continue normal
input. If the problem persists, report the trouble to Telecom Canada.
INPUT ERROR
This message indicates that there is a network problem, due to overruns.
If the problem occurs often, contact Telecom Canada.
PVC DISCONNECTED - TEMPORARY NETWORK PROBLEM
This message indicates that a network problem is preventing the requested
call from continuing. Wait for the Datapac herald message, then continue. If
the condition persists, contact Telecom Canada.
PVC DISCONNECTED - DESTINATION NOT RESPONDING
This message indicates that either the access line to the destination, or
the destination itself is down. Try again later. If the condition persists,
contact the destination.
PVC DISCONNECTED - REMOTE REQUEST
This message indicates that the destination has asked that the connection
be discontinued.
INVALID COMMAND
This message indicates that there is a syntax error in the command.
Correct it and re-enter the command.
COMMAND NOT ALLOWED
This message indicates that the command which was entered, although
syntactically correct, cannot be implemented either due to the NIM state, or
because it violates and/or conflicts with the service options selected --e.g.,
a call request command, when an SVC is already established.
CALL CLEARED -- DESTINATION BUSY
This message indicates that the destination computer cannot accept another
call. Try again later.
CALL CLEARED -- INCOMPATIBLE CALL OPTIONS
This message indicates that the call request command includes facilities
which are not available at the destination or are incompatible with it. Verify
and try the call again. If the problem persists, contact the destination.
CALL CLEARED -- TEMPORARY NETWORK PROBLEM
This message indicates that a network problem has occurred--try again
later. If the problem persists, report it to Telecom Canada.
CALL CLEARED -- DESTINATION NOT RESPONDING
This message indicates that the destination is either not acknowledging
your request to connect or it is inoperable. Try again later. If the problem
persists, contact the destination.
CALL CLEARED -- ACCESS BARRED
This message indicates that the network has blocked your call because of a
Closer User Group violation. Verify the call establishment procedures with the
destination.
CALL CLEARED -- ADDRESS NOT IN SERVICE
This message indicates that the network address in the call request command
identifies a non-existent destination-- i.e., the address is not yet (or is no
longer) assigned. Verify the address and re-enter the call request command.
If the condition persists, contact the destination.
CALL CLEARED -- COLLECT CALL REFUSED
This message indicates that the destination is not willing to accept the
charges for the connection (e.g., it does not accept calls from Datapac public
dial ports). Verify the call establishment procedures and try the call
again. If the condition persists, contact the destination. (See Part VII and
Part VIII for more information.
CALL CLEARED -- LOCAL PROCEDURE ERROR
This message indicates that a network protocol error has occurred. Try the
call again. If the condition persists, report the trouble to Telecom Canada.
CALL CLEARED -- REMOTE PROCEDURE ERROR
This message indicates that a destination protocol error has occurred. Try
the call again. If the condition persists, contact the destination.
CALL CLEARED -- LOCAL DIRECTIVE
This message indicates that a virtual circuit has been cleared in response
to a clear command from a terminal user.
CALL CLEARED -- REMOTE DIRECTIVE
This message indicates that a virtual circuit has been cleared in response
to a clear request packet from the destination.
CALL CLEARED -- REMOTE REQUEST
This message indicates that a virtual circuit has been cleared in response
to an invitation from the destination to clear the call.
RESET -- TEMPORARY NETWORK PROBLEM
This message indicates that a network problem has occurred on the PVC
connection. Wait for the Datapac herald message, then continue. If the
condition persists, report the trouble to Telecom Canada.
RESET -- DESTINATION NOT RESPONDING
This message indicates that the destination end of the PVC connection is
not responding-- i.e., either the access line to the destination, or the
destination itself, is down. Try again later. If the condition persists,
contact the destination.
RESET -- LOCAL PROCEDURE ERROR
This message indicates that the PVC has been reset because of a network
protocol error. Wait for the Datapac herald message, then continue. If the
condition persists, report the trouble to Telecom Canada.
RESET -- REMOTE PROCEDURE ERROR
This message indicates that the PVC has been reset because of the
destination protocol error. Wait for the Datapac herald message, then
continue. If the condition persists, contact the destination.
If the host computer is connected via the ITHI option, this message
indicates that data has been disregarded due to the host not reacting to flow
control conditions sent by the PAD.
RESET -- LOCAL DESTINATION
This message is the network's response to a reset command from the terminal
user. Continue.
RESET -- BY DESTINATION
This message indicates that the destination has reset the virtual circuit.
Data may have been lost. Continue. If the condition persists; report it to
the destination.
RESET -- TEMPORARY NETWORK PROBLEM
These messages indicate that the network has reset the switched virtual
circuit. Data may have been lost. Continue. If the problem persists, report
it to Telecom Canada.
RESET -- LOCAL PROCEDURE ERROR
These messages indicate that the network has reset the switched virtual
circuit. Data may have been lost. Continue. If the problem persists, report
it to Telecom Canada.
- Part VIII -
The Datapac Manual File #3/7
- What Is A NUI? -
Description
The Network User Identifier (NUI) is a credit card-like system associated
with the Datapac Network - similar to a calling card used to bill long distance
calls.
A NUI is a 6-8 character alphanumeric code which is entered during call
set-up to indicate an account to which Datapac calls may be billed. Associated
with each NUI is a password which is used as a security check when establishing
a connection to the Datapac network. The password is confidential, known only
to the user.
Purpose
The purpose of a NUI is to allow a Datapac user to make use of the Datapac
network for data communications without the requirement of a dedicated Datapac
connection or the need for the destination to accept reverse charge calls.
Once the NUI/password pair has been correctly validated, the call is set up to
the requested destination and call usage billed to the NUI/Datapac account
number.
Use
At call set-up time, the user specifies the NUI and password to the
network. The password is used by the network to authenticate the use of the
NUI. After the NUI/password pair has been correctly validated (process whereby
NUI/password is checked by NUI application), the user will be able to bill all
subsequent session usage to the specified NUI.
- Part IX -
- Why Have A NUI? -
There are many useful applications for NUI.
- NUI, when provided to authorized users, can eliminate the need for host to
accept reverse charge calls.
- NUI is required by users of public dial who are placing calls to a host
application with the reverse charge blocking option.
- NUI permits subscribers of dedicated and private dial Datapac services to
"Third Party" usage charges to a NUI account. For example, some users may
decide that they do not want usage charged to the dedicated access line which
they are using (i.e., if using someone else's line/terminal). By entering
the NUI, all usage for subsequent calls during the same session would be
billed to the account associated with the specified NUI.
- NUI permits sender paid calls to domestic Datapac network addresses and to
foreign networks. Users can make international calls to overseas networks
and charge the call usage to their NUI when using public dial ports.
Offshore networks accessed via Teleglobe do not accept collect calls. Users
also have the capability of placing sender paid calls to Domestic Datapac
addresses, Telenet, Tymnet, Autonet, ACUNET and DASNET in the United Sates.
- NUI is required to complete calls using Datapac indial/outdial ports (i.e.,
devices at destination not connected to Datapac).
- NUI can be used to achieve benefits of departmental accounting. The Datapac
bill is itemized to indicate the charges related to each NUI. This will
assist in determining which department has generated usage and the associated
charges.
- Part X -
- Datapac Family Of Services -
Section A - Datapac 3000
Datapac 3000 is synchronous, application independent service that allows
data terminals (DTE's) and data communicating equipment (DCE) to exchange data
in a packet-mode over a public or private packet switching network.
The DTE/DCE interface connection, disconnection and transmission rules are
defined in a packet switching protocol called X.25 recommendation which is
developed and governed by the international telephone and telegraph consultative
committee (CCITT).
X.25 protocol is a bit oriented framing structure based on the high level
data link control (HDLC). The CCITT recommendations for X.25 are divided into
three levels, namely:
The Physical Interface (Level 1);
The Frame Level Logical Interface (Level 2);
The Packet Level Logical Interface (Level 3).
Level 1
Level 1- Specifies the use of four-wire, point-to-point synchronous circuit
between the DTE and the network (DCE). This circuit includes two
modems or datasets (one connected to the DTE and the other connected
to the network).
Characteristics are:
- 4-wire point-to-point or dial via a V.22 bis modem
- Full duplex ;
- Via RS232 convention.
Level 2 - Defines the frame level link procedures used to synchronize
transmission, initiate the "handshaking" necessary to establish the
'R-U-There'/Yes-I-Am sequence, flow control mechanism and perform
error checking of data exchange across the DTE/DCE interface (link).
the DTE is usually located at the customer premises and is called
host while the DCE is located in the network. the procedures used to
control the link are defined as commands and responses.
Characteristics are:
- HDLC;
- Link access procedure balanced (LAPB)
- X.25(80) or X.25(84).
Level 3 - Defines the packet formats and control procedures required to
establish a logical path (call request), exchange information (data
packets) and for removing the logical path (clear request) between
the DTE and DCR.
Characteristics are:
- Logical Channels (LCN`s)
- Packet Size
- Window Size
- Throughput Class
- Etc
How It Works
The customer's terminal (Host) is connected to a local modem which in turn,
is connected to a second modem (Remote) in the central office via by 4 wires
which in turn, is connected to a line processing module in the Datapac network.
This configuration is called the DTE/DCE link and can be assigned speeds of
1200 bps through 19200 bps.
This DTE/DCE link is assigned a unique Datapac network address (DNA) and
other link parameters such as line speed, modem type, flow control and security
by Telecom Canada.
When the electrical signals are in the correct state as specified in level
1, the Datapac line processing module continuously transmits a CCITT command
called SBMM (Set Asynchronous Balanced Node) to the customers's terminal (Host)
every three seconds. If the host is ready, it responds to the sabm with a
CCITT response UA (Unnumbered Acknowledgement). When this occurs, the link is
initialized (level 2 ready), the host and Datapac module exchange restarts or
restart/restart confirmation commands. When this occurs, the DTE/DCE link
generates a transition to the next X.25 level, level 3.
The DTE then signals the address it wishes to communicate with in a CCITT
defined call request format (8 digits ), 10 digits if using 9th and 10th digit
subaddressing on a Logical Channel (LCN) Datapac then routes the call request
to the appropriate destination (national or international) and awaits a CCITT
defined call accept packet. If this occurs, the accept packet is transmitted
back to the originating host and both hosts may now exchange CCITT defined data
packets. This is called a Switched Virtual Call (SVC); permanent virtual calls
(PVC's) are also offered. At the end of the session, either host can terminate
the SVC by transmitting a CCITT defined clear request packet. Up to 255 SVC's
may be supported simultaneously.
Dial access service is also offered at 2400 bps with a maximum of eight
LCN's over the public telephone network
Benefits
Datapac 3000 provides customers with a cost effective service derived from
packet switching technology and X.25 protocol. Some benefits are:
Dedicated or Dial-in access
- Simultaneous communication with many (up to 255) different
locations - national and international;
- Error free transmission;
- System expansion flexibility;
Communication Universality
- Cost containment through reduced host port connections;
- 24 hours 7 days-a-week service
- Lower communication costs;
- Call parameter selection to suit particular applications.
Section B - Datapac 3101
Datapac 3101 is a network access service which enables teletypewriter
compatible devices, such as time-sharing terminals, to access the Datapac
network.
Low speed, asynchronous devices are supported through an Interactive
Terminal Interface (ITI) in a Packet Assembler/Disassembler (PAD), which allows
the devices to access the network over dial-up (DDD) or dedicated access lines.
ITI, the end-to-end protocol for Datapac 3101 conforms to the CCITT
recommendations X.3, X.28 and X.29 and supports access to the Datapac network
for asynchronous, start-stop character mode terminals.
X.3 specifies the operation of the pad. It contains the specifications
for the twelve international parameters and their operation. Additional
domestic parameters are also in place to meet Canadian market requirements.
X.28 specifies the command language between the terminal and the pad.
It also specifies the conditions which define the command mode and
the data transfer mode.
X.29 specifies the procedures to be followed by an X.25 DTE to
access and modify the parameters in the pad as well as the data
transfer procedure.
The user needs no special hardware or software to interface a terminal to
the Datapac network. A knowledge of the ITI procedures is the only requirement
at the terminal end.
The Datapac 3101 service provides for terminal to host (user's computer)
and terminal to terminal communication. The host access should conform with
the X.25 protocol, using the Datapac 3000 access service, and also support the
higher level protocol conventions of ITI. host access may also be provided via
the Datapac 3101 service for some applications. The Datapac 3101 service also
provides block mode and tape support.
Section C - Datapac 3201
Network access service which enables various terminals that are buffered,
pollable and operate asynchronously to communicate with host computers through
the Datapac network.
Applications
The Datapac 3201 service is typically used by the general merchandise and
specialty sectors of the retail industry in Canada. It provides a cost
effective communication solution whenever there is a requirement for sending
small amounts of information to a host computer and obtaining a short response.
The primary applications are on-line compilation of sales data to help in
inventory control, and on-line credit verification to detect fraudulent credit
cards. Other emerging applications involve trust companies, credit unions,
banks and service stations.
Access Arrangements
Datapac 3201 provides support at the customers' terminal end (for example a
retail store) by means of a Packet Assembler/Disassembler (PAD) which is
located in a Telecom Canada member company central office. The PAD polls the
various devices for information in an on-line real time environment.
Devices may communicate to the pad via two options:
1) Shared multipoint multidrop access at 1200 bps, or
2) Dedicated access at 1200, 2400 bps.
Protocol support
Communication between the PAD and the terminal conforms to the ANSI
(American National Standards Institute) X3.28-1976 ISO (International Standards
Organization) poll/select asynchronous protocol. Telecom Canada undertakes to
test terminals which support this protocol, prior to connecting them to the
Datapac 3201 network.
Communication between the customers host computer location and the Datapac
network is accomplished by the use of a X.25 (Datapac 3000) interface which
supports the Datapac 3201 host to PAD "Point-Of-Sale (POS) end to end protocol"
specification.
Communication Response Time
- Data Collection: Average 1.7 to 2.3 seconds in the peak periods.
- Inquiry-Response (Credit Check): Average 2.7 to 4.2 seconds in
the peak periods.
Message Size
A typical retail Datapac 3201 application uses short input and output
messages. (For example an average of 50 characters). One kilopacket (1,000
packets or 256,000 bytes) is equal to approximately 1,000 sales transactions or
500 credit authorizations. Average transaction volume would be less than 5000
packets per day.
Optional Datapac Network Features:
Closed User Group (CUG): Allows devices within one group to communicate
only with accredited devices of the same group,
resulting in a high degree of data security.
Additional options are available to limit call
attempts between closed user groups or within a
closed user group.
Reverse charge call: Allows a user to charge a call to the destination
address
Reverse charge call Reverse charged calls destined to a Datapac 3201
blocking: address will be blocked by the network.
Section D - Datapac 3303 (BSC)
Datapac 3303 (BSC) provides polled BSC communications protocol support for
IBM 3270 information display systems or their emulators.
Datapac 3303 (BSC) supports all the typical on-line inquiry response and
data entry applications normally accessed with these 3270 terminal clusters.
Datapac 3303 (BSC) is a pad based service. The 3270 controllers connect to
the network via PAD's (Packet Assemblers/Disassemblers). PAD's perform
the host functions of communicating with the 3270 controllers in the binary
synchronous communications polling protocol, and in doing so, eliminate
cross-network polling.
Datapac 3303 (BSC) connections are dedicated facilities (one per
controller) at speeds of 2400, 4800, or 9600 bps. A virtual circuit is
maintained for each terminal across the network and out to the host at the
other end via a Datapac 3000 line. Most Datapac 3303 (BSC) connections
dialogue with hosts that are running Telecom Canada's Datapac access software
(DAS) in their IBM 3720, 3705, 3725 or Amdahl look-alikes front ends. DAS
supports X.25 connecting. To the network via Datapac 3000. It also supports
the end-to-end protocol transporting the 3270 data across the network.
Datapac 3303 (BSC) - Features
Aside from lower communications costs, the main reasons for using Datapac
3303 (BSC) are:
- Ease of network reconfiguration, and
- Dynamic multiple terminal functionally.
Reconfiguration
New on-line systems are economically feasible and equipment changes can be
easily accommodated without disrupting service or affecting the network.
functionally with Datapac 3303 (BSC)
- Terminals are now much more versatile than ever before.
- The capability exists to dynamically access multiple hosts and/or
applications from the same destination (either manually, or via a user
friendly mnemonic addressing scheme). This means terminals behind the same
controller can access different destinations at the same time, saving
equipment and communications facilities costs.
- In conjunction with DAS (Datapac Access Software) in the host's front end,
that 3270 terminal can also act as an ASCII asynchronous device and access
such systems as Envoy/100 and iNet.
- In addition, each terminal now has the ability to appear as either a BSC
device to a non-SNA host or an SDLC device to an SNA host in a matter of a
few keystrokes.
Section E - Datapac 3303 (SDLC)
There are currently 2 services under Datapac 3303 (SDLC). They are
1) Datapac 3303/SDLC
2) Datapac 3303/SDLC Plus
Both services allow IBM (and their emulators) devices to access the Datapac
network for the purpose of transmitting data using the SDLC link level protocol.
Common Features
- Terminal pad based: The service provides the X.25 framing and de-framing for
SDLC data stream as well as the packetization and de-packetization.
- Qllc end-to-end protocol. The service conforms to IBM's Qllc specifications
thus making it compatible with most host X.25 PAD software/hardware
implementations.
- Physical unit type 2 accessibility: services such as the IBM 3270, 3177,
52xx, 36xx, 37xx, 47xx, ATM's, etc
- 2.4, 4.8, 9.6 kbps access speeds.
- Point to point & multipoint, on-net & off-net access
- Terminal or host initiated calling
- Normal or priority packet size option
- Closed User Group options
Datapac 3303/SDLC
- 1 vc per pu (controller)
- Switched and permanent virtual circuit support
- Applications: Virtual private line emulation, centralized host processing
simple call set up, international (via Telenet/US) access,
token ring gateway support using the IBM 3174
Datapac 3303/SDLC Plus
- 1 vc per lu (end user terminal)
- Local command mode allows call set up and clearing from users terminal
- Automatic direct call, mnemonic DMA dialing methods of call set up
- Switched virtual circuit support
- Applications: Disaster recovery, alternate host access using switching
capability from user terminal, Datapac options (packet size,
charging, CUG's) at user terminal level.
Section F - Datapac 3304
Datapac 3304 offers batch terminal support. it supports RJE (or Remote Job
Entry) batch work stations or communications terminals operating under binary
synchronous communications (BSC) protocols.
Datapac 3304 allows users operating under IBM's Multileaving Interface
(MLI) protocol to access the Datapac network. It also supports compatible
computers and terminals using this protocol. Datapac 3304 supports the bulk
data transfer applications from these remote job entry (RJE) work stations
which typically use this multileaving protocol.
Datapac 3304 devices access Datapac via PAD's at both the remote and the
host ends of the network. This is known as 'transparent' service or
'pad-to-pad operation'. Devices are connected to the Datapac 3304 pad via
dedicated lines at speeds of 2400, 4800, or 9600 bps. As users grow and
implement new technology, the terminals emulating IBM's LMLI protocol are being
upgraded to X.25.
A typical user profile would include:
- A host with a spooling or queueing subsystem such as:
- Hasp ii
- Jes 2
- Jes 3
- Asp
- Rscs
- Batch terminals such as:
- IBM 3777 m2
- Data 100
- Have low to medium volumes to transmit
Section G - Datapac 3305
Datapac 3305 also supports a variety of BSC RJE batch work stations such
as:
- IBM 2780
- 3780
- 2770
- 3770
- 3740
It provides network access support for those customers using equipment
operating under IBM's point-to-point contention mode protocol and those
compatible computers and terminals using the same protocol.
Datapac 3305 supports the bulk data transfer (batch transmissions)
applications that occur between terminals, hosts, and a variety of other
devices such as communicating word processors.
Datapac 3305 provides savings for those customers running low to medium
volume applications.
Datapac 3305 is a pad based service. The RJE (Remote Job-Entry) work
stations access the network via PAD's while the host computer may also use the
Datapac 3305 PAS or connect via an X.25 link on Datapac 3000.
Datapac 3305 supports three modes of access:
- Dedicated lines at 2400 or 4800 bps
- Private dial at 2400 bps
- Public dial at 2400 bps
It should be noted that the destination must be dedicated in order to
receive a call.
Section H - Datapac Access Software (DAS)
Datapac access software (DAS) provides a Datapac (X.25) compatibility for
IBM host computer environments. Datapac access software (DAS) resides in
customer-provided IBM hardware; the communications controller or front end
processor such as the IBM 3725 or IBM 3705, and co-exists with its compatible
IBM software such as NCP (Network Control Program), EP (Emulation Program) or
PEP (Partitioned Emulation Program). Datapac access software (DAS)
compatibility also extends to IBM look-alike hardware manufacturers such as
Amdahl.
DAS-installed host computer environments have access to their Datapac-bound
devices, such as those connected via Datapac 3101, Datapac 3303 (DSI/DSP),
Datapac 3303 (Qllc)*, and Datapac 3305, as well as those devices which are
connected via conventional communications facillities, such as private line or
dial-up.
DAS can also provide SNA conversion for non-SNA devices, such as conversion
from 3270 BSC-3 (Datapac 3303 DSI/DSP) to physical unit type 2 (SNA 3270 SDLC
representation), and ASCII/asynchronous (Datapac 3101) to physical unit type 1
(SNA ASCII SDLC representation). These SNA conversion features allow the
customer to convert his host environment to SNA without modifying or replacing
his existing terminal/device population. DAS also provides an extended
conversion feature for 3270 devices that modifies the incoming data (3270) to
an ASCII/asynchronous datastream and re-routes the traffic into the Datapac
network. Thus providing external ASCII database access to the 3270 device
population.
Other DAS features include multiple host support, trnsparent path, host to
network callout, extended console routines, code conversion, etc.
- Part XI -
- Identifing The Different Operating Systems -
This guide will help you identify some of the more popular systems you may
incounter when scanning around for systems.
Section A - Hp-x000
The Hp-x000 machines are made by Hewett-Packard and runs the MPS Operating
System. This system can be identified by the ":" prompt. I have found that
the login sequence for these systems can be very tricky. To login to these
systems you must type the login in the following way
:Hello (Job Id),(Username)(User Password).(Account name),(Group Name)(Group
Password)
Job Id : This is used to allow users to distinguish terminal sessions
that are being run on the same group name. It consists of 1
letter followed by up to 7 characters (not ','). My favorite
ones to use are MANAGER, OPERATOR, and some nasty ones when
I get frustrated or bored. The first time hacker may not wish
to use these as they draw unwanted attention if they are not
used in the right ways.
User Name : The user name consists of up to 8 letters, eg. Gebhardt
Group Name : The group name consists of up to 8 letters and is often times
the same as the account name, but not always.
Account Name : The account name consists of 1 letter followed by up to
7 letters or digits.
Password : The passwords are from 1 to 8 printing and/or non-printing
(Control) characters. As with the 2000, the following
characters will never be found in any passwords so don't
bother: Line Delete (^X), Null (^@), Return (^M), Linefeed
(^J), X-Off (^S), X-On (^Q), Underscore (_).
Sometimes when you login you may try the some of the default passwords
(list below) and it may just let you in with evening entering a password!
Common Logins/Passwords:Hpoffice,Pub Unpassworded
Field.Support,Pub Unpassworded
Mgr.Rje,Pub Unpassworded
Mgr.Telesup,Pub Unpassworded
Section B - Prime
Prime computer company's mainframe running the Primos Operating System.
They are easy to spot, as the greet you with 'Primenet 22.1.1.R11 MDTOR' or the
something like that, depending on the version of the operating system you run
into. Some versions they will be no prompt offered and just looks like it's
sitting there and some versions it will give you a prompt of "ER!" The version
that doesn't give you a prompt you have to type in "login <username>", but for
the version that does give you the prompt just type in the username of the
person.
Common Logins/Passwords:Admin Admin
Guest Guest
Prime Prime Or Primos
Primenet Primenet
System Prime or Systems
Test Test
Section C - Tops
You can recognize these types of systems by the "." prompt. The good
thing about this Operating System is you can get a listing of accounts and
processing names that are currently being used on-line. To do this you type in
that following "systat" at the "." prompt. This Operating Systems allows you
to let you have unlimited tries at the account and does not keep track of bad
login attempts.
Common Logins/Passwords:I have no record of any common logins/passwords.
Sorry about that.
Section D - Unix
Unix in my own opinion is one of the most widely used Operating Systems.
To identify if you connected to a Unix systems it will show a "login:" prompt.
This system will give you unlimited login attempts and usually does no log bad
user login attempts. This system also does not tell you if you entered a
valid account name or not. If you enter a bad account name or bad password or
both it will send you this message "Login incorrect"
Common Logins/Passwords:Root Root
Admin Admin
Sysadmin Admin
Unix Unix
Guest Guest
Demo Demo
Daemon Daemon
Sysbin Sysbin
Section E - Vax/Vms
The VAX computer is made by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), and runs
the VMS (Virtual Memory System) operating system. VMS is characterized by the
"Username:" prompt. It will not tell you if you've entered a valid username or
not, and will disconnect you after three bad login attempts. It also keeps
track of all failed login attempts and informs the owner of the account next
time s/he logs in how many bad login attempts were made on the account. It is
one of the most secure operating systems around from the outside, but once
you're in there are many things that you can do to bypass system security.
This system also does not tell you if you have entered a correct login or
password or even both. If either one or both of those are wrong the system
will respond and give you a "User Authorization Failure" message.
Common Logins/Passwords:Decnet Decnet
Guest Guest
Demo Demo
Operator Operator
Default Default
Dec Dec
Section F - VM/370
The VM/370 runs the Virtual Machine Operating Systems and is run on IBM
mainframes. When you connect to one of these systems you will see something
to this effect.
Logon Userid (Example: Logon Vmuser1)
Dial Userid (Example: Dial Vmuser2)
Msg Userid (Example: Msg Vmuser3 Good Morning!)
Logoff
But this may vary from system to system. To login you have to type in
"login <username>. But there are Vm/370 systems which give you a "." prompt,
(Note: Try doing a "systat" to make sure it's a VM/370 and not a Tops. If it
is a Vm/370 it will give you a error message, which from there you can login by
typing in "login <username>".
These are some of the error messages you may encounter when trying to login
to this Operating System.
Login unsuccessful--incorrect password which means you entered a valid user id
but entered a incorrect password.
Already logged in which means you have attempted to login in the system with a
valid user id and password when your are already logged in.
This will lock out all users who attempt to login to the
system from that particular line.
Maximum password attempt exceeded, try again later which means the threshold
has been reached of illegal
user id and/or password
attempts you will receive
this message every time
you attempt to login.
Command not valid before logon which means is you type in anything that is not
listed in the menu. It doesn't even matter what
is being typed as long as it's not on the menu
you will get this message.
User id missing or invalid which means nothing was typed after entering the
logon command or the format of the user id was not
correct.
Error in CP directory which means the CP directory is corrupt. The CP
directory is the main user directory for the system which
holds the user id, password, privilege level, and many
other other important options about and for the user.
Without a proper directory entry a user cannot login to
the system
Common Logins/Passwords:Autolog Autolog
Cms Cms
Cmsbatch Cms or Cmsbatch
Vmtest Vmtest
Vmutil Vmutil
Maint Maint
- Part XII -
- Conclusion -
Well that's the end of this file. Hope you enjoyed it as much as I had
typing it in. If you have any question or suggestions or any other feedback
about this file or anything else, please let me know. Well have phun hacking
Datapac and remember to be careful.
The Lost Avenger (UPi/u*l)
"Phreak Out And Touch Someone"
- Part XIII -
- Personal Greetings -
- UPi Member And Site Information -
- How To Contact The Members Of UPi -
- How To Join UPi As A Member And/Or Site -
Personal greetings go out to the following people.....
Amoeba Wonderboy, Anthrax, Electric Jester, Entity, Flex Motta, F-Stop, Galaxy
Raider, Glass Head, Grimm, Infiltrator, Joshua, Knight Excalibur, Mad Man, Mr.
Ferrari, N Slut, Rabid Pagan, Shadow Knight, Style Soft, Techno, The High
Evoluationary, The Keeper, The Messiah, Tri Nitro Toluene, And Watchman.
Listing Of Current UPi Members.....
President: The Lost Avenger (416)
Vice President: Scarlet Spirit (416)
Programmers: Mad Hatter (514), MCi Sprinter (216)
Other Members: Inphiniti (216), Rocket Richard (313)
Call These Other UPi Nodes.....
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Node BBS Name Area Baud Megs BBS Sysop
Number Code Rate Program
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WHQ The Violent Underground 416 2400 85 Pc Board The Lost Avenger
Node #1 The Shining Realm 416 2400 95 Telegard Scarlet Spirit
Node #2 Inphiniti's Edge 216 2400 Aftershock Inphiniti
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You can contact any of the member of UPi either calling our voice mail
box at 313-980-6912 or either by sending e-mail via internet to one of the
addresses: tla@oscar.bbb.no or tla@pnet91.cts.com or tla@pro-micol.cts.com or
lastly by e-mailing the UPi member on any one of the UPi nodes.
If you'll like to join UPi as a member or as a node then please leave me
mail on any of the numbers listed above. Then I will send you an the
appropriate application for you to fill out. From there you must either send
me the complete filled application form to me either by sending it in E-mail to
me or either by uploading it to any one of the UPi sites.
This has been a The Lost Avenger "Phreak Out And Touch Someone" Production,
Copyright 1991
- Appendix A -
- Datapac 3000 Public Dial Ports -
Province City Area Code 2400 Bps
-------- ---- --------- --------
Alberta Calgary 403 263-5021
Edmonton 403 421-1428
British Columbia Vancouver 604 662-8747
Victoria 604 380-3874
Prince George 604 561-9178
Manitoba Winnipeg 204 947-6797
New Brunswick Saint John 506 633-1021
Newfoundland St. John's 709 739-1499
Cornerbrook 709 634-9060
Nova Scotia Halifax 902 453-9100
New Glasgow 902 755-4594
Truro 902 893-5434
Ontario Barrie 705 721-2411
Brampton 416 796-3808
Brantford 519 758-0058
Brockville 613 345-7550
Chatham 519 351-8950
Clarkson 416 823-6010
Guelph 519 763-3610
Hamilton 416 523-6948
Kitchener 519 741-4000
London 519 432-2710
Ottawa 613 567-4552
Sarnia 519 339-9144
St. Catharines 416 687-3340
Toronto 416 979-1232
Windsor 519 973-1086
Quebec Chicoutimi-Jonqui 418 543-8013
Montreal 514 861-4750
Quebec City 418 647-2421
Rimouski 418 725-3620
Sherbrooke 819 564-6417
Trois Rivieres 819 373-9983
Saskatchewan Regina 306 525-8760
Saskatoon 306 934-9100
- Appendix B -
- Datapac 3101 Public Dial Ports -
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Province 110 Bps Auto 300 Bps 1200 Bps Auto 2400 Bps Auto
City 0 - 110 0 - 1200 0 - 2400
Area Code Bps Bps Bps
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alberta - 403
Airdrie 234-7740
Banff 762-5080 762-5458
Calgary 264-9340 290-0213 265-8292
Drayton Valley 542-3926
Edmonton 420-0185 423-4463 429-4368
Fort McMurray 791-2884 743-5207 790-9490
Fort 421-0221
Saskatchewan
Grande Centre 594-7383
Grande Prairie 539-0100 539-6434 538-2443
Leduc 421-0250
Lethbridge 329-8797 329-8755 327-2004 320-8822
Lloydminister 875-4769 875-6295
Medicine Hat 526-7427 526-6587 529-5521 528-2742
Peace River 624-1621 624-8082
Red Deer 343-7374 343-7200 342-2208 341-4074
St-Albert 421-0280
Sherwood Park 421-0268
Stony Plain 421-0236
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
British Columbia - 604
Abbotsford 850-0041 850-0042
Campbell River 286-0703 286-0094
Cranbrook 489-4171 489-3588
Dawson Creek 782-9402 782-9177
Kamloops 374-6314 374-5941 374-9510 374-4580
Kelowna 860-0391 860-0331 860-9762 861-5218
Nanaimo 753-6491 754-8291
Nelson 354-4540 354-4411 354-4824
Penticton 492-8322 493-3656
Port Alberni 723-1057
Powell River 485-9453
Prince George 564-1088 564-4060 562-8469 561-2152
Prince Rupert 624-9472 624-4951
Terrace 635-7359 635-7221 638-0238
Vancouver 689-8601 687-7144 662-7732
Vernon 549-5245 549-5285
Victoria 388-4360 388-9300 386-0900 380-7955
Whistler 932-6420
Williams Lake 398-6377 398-7227
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Manitoba - 204
Brandon 725-0961 725-0878 727-6609 726-1899
Dauphin 638-9244 638-9906
Flin Flon 687-8285 687-8241
Morden 822-6171 822-6181
Portage La
Prairie 239-1166 239-1688
Selkirk 785-8625 785-8771 482-4005
Steinbach 326-9826 326-1385
The Pas 623-7409
Thompson 778-6461 778-6451
Winnipeg 475-2740 943-4488 943-1912
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
New Brunswick - 506
Bathurst 548-4461 548-4581 546-1306
Campbellton 759-8561 759-8571
Edmundston 739-6621 739-6611
Fredericton 455-4301 454-9462 454-4525 453-1918
Moncton 388-2276 854-7078 854-7510 853-0551
Newcastle 622-4451 622-8471
Saint John 693-7399 642-2231 633-1689
Woodstock 328-9361 328-9351
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Newfoundland - 709
Burin/
Marystown 279-4188 279-4077
Carbonear/
Harbour Grace 596-1911 596-1931
Clarenville 466-3808
Corner Brook 634-1839 634-1469 634-9946
Gander 256-4130 256-2804
Goose Bay/
Happy Valley 896-2458 896-2491 896-9770
Grand Falls 489-4930 489-4020 489-1243
Goose Bay
Labrador 944-7781
St John's 726-4920 726-5501 739-6337
Stephenville 643-9682
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Northwest Territories - 403
Cambridge Bay 983-8870
Fort Simpson 695-8870
Fort Smith 872-8870
Hay River 874-8870
Inuvik 979-8870
Yellowknife 873-8870
----------------
---------------------------------------------------------------
Nova Scotia - 902
Amherst 667-5035 667-5297
Bridgewater 543-6850 543-1360
Halifax 477-2000 477-8000 453-8100
Kentville 678-1030 678-2096
New Glasgow 755-6050 755-6150 755-4590
Sydney 539-1720 564-1400 564-1450 539-5912
Truro 662-3258 662-3773 893-0231
Yarmouth 742-2899
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ontario - 416
Ajax-Pickering 428-0240
Aurora 841-1702
Brampton 791-8900 791-8950 796-3811
Clarkson 823-6000 823-6030
Cobourg 372-1222
Fort Erie 871-9270
Hamilton 523-6800 523-6900 523-6920
Milton 875-3075
Newmarket 836-1015 836-9022
Niagara Falls 357-2702 357-2770
Oshawa 579-8920 579-8950
St. Catharines 688-5620 688-5640 687-1104
Toronto 868-4000 868-4100 979-1619
Uxbridge 852-9791
Welland 788-1200 788-1230
Whitby 430-2944
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ontario - 519
Brantford 758-5900 758-5910 758-5222
Chatham 351-8910 351-8920 351-8935
Galt 622-1714 622-1780
Guelph 763-3600 763-3630 763-3621
Kitchener/ 741-4010 741-4030 741-4080
Waterloo
London 432-2500 439-1100 432-2550
Orangeville 942-3714
Owen Sound 371-5900 371-5910 371-7971
Sarnia 339-9100 339-9111 339-9140
Simcoe 428-3200
Stratford 273-5052 273-5751
St. Thomas 633-9900
Tillsonburg 688-3322
Windsor 973-1000 973-1020 973-1096
Woodstock 421-7100 421-7200
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ontario - 613
Belleville 969-1500 969-1520
Brockville 345-4670 345-4942 345-1260
Chalk River 589-2175 589-2117
Cornwall 936-0030 936-0040
Deep River 584-3308
Kingston 541-3000 541-3015 546-3220
Ottawa 567-9100 567-9300 567-4431
Pembroke 735-2391
Perth 267-7570
Renfrew 432-8172
Smiths Falls 283-8671
Trenton 969-1400 969-1420
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ontario - 705
Alliston 435-2510
Barrie 721-2400 721-2450 721-2414
Bracebridge 645-1333
Collingwood 444-2985
Huntsville 789-1781
Lindsay 324-8083
Midland 526-9776
North Bay 495-4449 495-4459
Orillia 327-3000 327-3006
Peterborough 749-6000 749-6010
Sault Ste 945-0600 945-0620
Marie
Sudbury 673-9654 671-4600 671-4630
Timmins 268-9505 268-9661
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ontario - 807
Thunder Bay 623-9644 623-3270
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prince Edward Island - 902
Charlottetown 566-5002 566-5934 566-4797
Summerside 336-1721
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quebec - 418
Alma 668-6178
Chicoutmi/
Jonqui 545-2272 545-2290 543-0186
Baie-Comeau 296-9113 296-8611
Gaspe 368-1377 368-2352
Hauterive 589-8899 589-2911
La Malbaie 665-7501
Montmagny 248-1383
New Carlisle 752-6651 752-6621
Quebec 647-4690 647-2691 647-3181
Rimouski 722-4694 722-4696 725-4700
Riviere du 867-4024
Loup
Roberval 275-7246
Sept-Iles 962-8402 962-7634
St George 227-4692 227-4690
Beauce
St-Felicien 679-9620
Thetford Mines 338-0101
Trois Pistoles 851-2166
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quebec - 514
Chateauguay 698-0120
Granby 375-1240 375-4184
Joliette 759-8340 759-8381
Lachute 562-0251
Montreal 878-0450 878-0640 875-9470
Sorel 743-3381 743-0101
St Jean Sur 346-8779 347-6211
Richilieu
St Jerome 432-3453 432-3165
St Sauveur 227-4696
Ste Hyacinthe 774-9270 774-9991
Valleyfield 377-1260 377-1680
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quebec - 819
Amos 732-7683
Buckingham 986-5897
Drummondville 477-7151 477-7153
L'Annonciation 275-7902
Louiseville 228-9451
Mont Laurier 623-1401
Rouyn/Noranda 797-1166 797-0062
Shawinigan 537-9301
Sherbrooke 566-2770 566-2990 564-8714
Ste Agathe 326-1805
Trois Rivieres 373-2600 373-2603 373-1037
Val D'Or 825-3900 825-3904
Victoriaville 752-3295
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Saskatchewan - 306
Estevan 634-8946 634-3551
Melfort 752-1950 752-5544
Moose Jaw 694-0474 693-7611 694-1828 694-6422
North
Battleford 445-1925 446-2694
Prince Albert 922-4233 922-4234 763-0106
Regina 565-0111 565-0181 565-6000
Saskatoon 665-6660 665-7758 664-6300
Swift Current 778-3901 778-3921
Weyburn 842-8985 842-1260
Yorkton 782-5601 783-4663
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yukon - 403
Whitehorse 668-3282
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Appendix C -
- Datapac 3305 Public Dial Ports -
Province City Area Code 2400 Bps
-------- ---- --------- --------
British Columbia Vancouver 604 683-8702
Alberta Banff 403 762-8080
Calgary 403 234-7659
Edmonton 403 423-0576
Saskatchewan Regina 306 565-0100
Saskatoon 306 665-7797
Manitoba Winnipeg 204 475-1490
Ontario Barrie 705 722-6933
Guelph 519 763-3650
Hamilton 416 523-6910
Kitchener/Waterloo 519 741-4100
London 519 432-2700
Ottawa 613 567-9450
Peterborough 705 749-6026
Sault Ste.Marie 705 945-0650
Sudbury 705 671-4620
Thunder Bay 807 623-5864
Toronto 416 868-4153
Windsor 519 973-1040
Quebec Montreal 514 875-6452
Quebec City 418 647-1827
New Burnswick Moncton 506 854-7689
St. John 506 633-6104
Nova Scotia Halifax 902 477-4418
Newfoundland St. John's 709 854-7689
- Appendix D -
- Datapac Network Identifier Codes (DNIC) -
Country Network's Name DNIX
------- -------------- ----
Alaska Alascom 3135
Andora Andorpac 2945
Antigua Aganet 3443
Argentina Arpac 7220
Arpac 7222
Austria Datex-P 2322
Datex-P Ttx 2323
Ra 2329
Australia Austpac 5052
Otc Data Access 5053
Austpac 5054
Bahamas Batelco 3640
Bahrain Bahnet 4263
Barbados Idas 3423
Belgium Dcs 2062
Dcs 2068
Dcs 2069
Bermuda Bermudanet 3503
Brazil Interdata 7240
Renpac 7241
Renpac 7248
Renpac 7249
Cameroon Campac 6242
Canada Datapac 3020
Globedat 3025
Cncp 3028
Cayman islands Idas 3463
Chad Chad 6222
Chile Entel 7302
Chile-Pac 7303
Vtrnet 7305
Entel 7300
China Ptelcom 4600
Colombia Coldapaq 7322
Costa rica Racsapac 7120
Racsapac 7122
Racsapac 7128
Racsapac 7129
Cyprus Cytapac 2802
Cytapac 2807
Cytapac 2808
Cytapac 2809
Denmark Datapak 2382
Datapak 2383
Djibouti Stipac 6382
Dominican republic Udts-I 3701
Egypt Arento 6020
Finland Datapak 2441
Datapak 2442
Digipak 2443
France Transpac 2080
Nti 2081
Transpac 2089
French antillies Transpac 2080
French guiana Transpac 2080
French polynesia Tompac 5470
Gabon Gabonpac 6282
Germany (west) Datex-P 2624
Datex-C 2627
Greece Helpak 2022
Hellaspac 2023
Greenland Kanupax 2901
Guam Isds-Rca 5350
Pacnet 5351
Guatemala Guatel 7040
Guatel 7043
Honduras Hondutel 7080
Hondutel 7082
Hondutel 7089
Hong Kong Intelpak 4542
Iatapak 4545
Inet Hong Kong 4546
Hungary Datex-P 2160
Datex-P 2161
Iceland Icepak 2740
India Gpss 4042
Indonesia Skdp 5101
Ireland Eirpac 2721
Eirpac 2724
Israel Isranet 4251
Italy Itapac 2222
Itapac 2227
Ivory coast Sytranpac 6122
Jamaica Jamintel 3380
Japan Globalnet 4400
Ddx-Ntt 4401
Nisnet 4406
Kdd Venus-P 4408
Kdd Venus-C 4409
Nici 4410
Korea (south) Dacom-Net 4501
Dns 4503
Kuwait Bahnet 4263
Lebanon Sodetel 4155
Luxembourg Luxpac 2704
Luxpac 2709
Macau Macaupac 4550
Malaysia Maypac 5021
Mauritius Mauridata 6170
Mexico Telepac 3340
Morocco Morocco 6040
Netherlands Datanet-1 2040
Datanet-1 2041
Dabas 2044
Datanet-1 2049
Netherland Antillies Netherland Antillies 3620
North Marianas Pacnet 5351
New Caledonia Tompac 5460
New Zealand Pacnet 5301
Niger Nigerpac 6142
Norway Datapac Ttx 2421
Datapak 2422
Datapac 2423
Panama Intelpaq 7141
Intelpaq 7142
Peru Dicotel 7160
Philippines Capwire 5150
Capwire 5151
Pgc 5152
Gmcr 5154
Etpi 5156
Portugal Telepac 2680
Sabd 2682
Puerto Rico Udts-I 3300
Udts-I 3301
Qatar Dohpac 4271
Reunion Transpac 2080
Rwanda Rwanda 6352
San Marino X-net 2922
Saudi Arabia Alwaseed 4201
Senegal Senpac 6081
Singapore Telepac 5252
Telepac 5258
South Africa Saponet 6550
Saponet 6551
Saponet 6559
Spain Tida 2141
Iberpac 2145
Sweden Datapak Ttx 2401
Datapak-1 2402
Datapak-2 2403
Switzerland Telepac 2284
Telepac 2289
Taiwan Pacnet 4872
Pacnet 4873
Udas 4877
Thailand Thaipac 5200
Idar 5201
Togo Togopac 6152
Tortola Idas 3483
Trinidad Datanett 3745
Textet 3740
Tunisia Red25 6050
Turkey Turpac 2862
Turpac 2863
Turks & Caicos Idas 3763
United Arab Emirates Emdan 4241
Emdan 4243
Tedas 4310
Uruguay Urupac 7482
Urupac 7489
USSR Iasnet 2502
US Itt-Udts 3103
Tymnet 3106
Telenet 3110
US Virgin Islands Udts-I 3320
United Kingdom Ipss-Bti 2341
Pss-Bt 2342
Mercury 2350
Mercury 2351
Hull 2352
Yugoslavia Yugopac 2201
Zimbabwe Zimnet 6482
- Appendix E -
- Trouble Shooting -
You want to hack a system on Datapac. So you decided to call and it
connects onto the NUA you want, but you find you are having troubles getting
the system to recognize your input. So here are some answers to some common
problems people find when connecting to systems.
The screen remains blank
A physical link has failed - check the cables between computer, modem and
phone line.
The remote modem needs waking up - send a <CR> or failing that, a ENQ
<Ctrl> E, character
The remote modem is operating at a different speed. Some modems can be
broght up to speed by hitting successive <CR>'s; they usually begin at 110
Bps and then go to 300, and so on up the ladder.
The remote is not working at V21 standards, either because it is different
CCITT standard. Since different standards tend to have different wake-up
tones which are easily recognized with practice, you may be able to spot
what is happening. If you are calling a North American service you should
assume Bell tones.
Both your modem and that of the remote service are in answer or in originate
and so cannot speak to each other. Always assume you are in the originate
mode.
The screen fills with random characters
Data format different from your defaults - check 7 or 8 bit characters,
even/odd parity, stop and start bits.
Mismatch of characters owing to misdefined protocol - check start/stop, try
alternatively EOB/ACK and XON/XOFF.
Remote computer operating at a different speed from you - try in order, 110,
300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, 19200, 38400.
Poor physical connection - if using an acoustic coupler check location of
handset, if not, listen on line to see if it is noisy or crossed.
The remote service is not using ASCII/International Alphabet No 5.
Every character appears twice
You are actually in half-duplex mode and the remote computer as well as your
own are both sending characters to your screen - switch to full-duplex/echo
off.
All information appears on only one line, which is constantly overwritten
The remote service is not sending carriage returns - if your terminal
software has the facility, enable it to induce carriage returns when each
display line is filled. many online services and public dial-up ports let
you configure the remote port to send carriage returns and vary line length.
Your software may have a facility to show control characters, in which case
you will see <Ctrl>-K is the remote service is sending carriage returns.
Most of the display makes sense, but every so often it becomes garbled
You have intermittent line noise - check if you can command line the remote
computer to send the same stream again and see if you get the garbling.
The remote service is sending graphics instructions which your computer and
software can't resolve.
The display contains recognized characters in definite groupings, but otherwise
makes no sense
The data is intended for an intelligent terminal which will combine the
transmitted data with a local program so that it makes sense.
The data is intended for batch processing.
The data is encrypted.
Data seems to come from the remote computer in jerky bursts rather than as a
smooth stream
If you are using PSS or a similar packet-switched service and it is near
peak business hours either in your time zone or in that of the host you are
accessing, the effect is due to heavy packet traffic. There is nothing you
can do - do not send extra commands to speed up things as those commands
will arrive at the host eventually and cause unexpected results.
The host is pausing for a EOB/ACK or XON/XOFF message - check your protocol
setting - try sending <Ctrl>-Q or <Ctrl>-F
Most of the time everything works smoothly, but I can't get past certain
prompts
The remote service is looking for characters your computer doesn't normally
generate - check your terminal software and see if there is a way of sending
them.
- Appendix F -
- CCITT Recommendations -
V Series: Data transmission over telephone circuits
V1 Power levels for data transmission over telephone lines
V3 International Alphabet No 5 (ASCII)
V4 General structure of signals of IA5 code for data transmission over
public telephone network
V5 Standardization of modulation rates and data signalling rates for
synchronous transmission in general switched network
V6 Standardization of modulation rates and data signalling rates for
synchronous transmission on leased circuits
V13 Answerback simulator
V15 Use of acoustic coupling for data transmission
V19 Modems for parallel data transmission using telephone signalling
frequencies
V20 Parallel data transmission modems standardized for universal use in
the general switched telephone network
V21 300 bps modem standarized
V22 1200 bps full duplex 2-wire modem for PTSN
V22 bis 2400 bps full duplex 2-wire modem for PTSN
V23 600/1200 bps modem for PTSN
V24 List of definitions for interchange circuits between data terminal
equipment and data circuit terminating equipment
V25 Automatic calling and/or answering equipment on PTSN
V26 2400 bps mode on 4-wire circuit
V26 bis 2400/1200 bps modem for PTSN
V27 4800 bps modem for leased circuits
V27 bis 4800 bps modem (equalized) for leased circuits
V27 ter 4800 bps modem for PTSN
V29 9600 bps modem for leased circuits
V35 Data transmission at 48 kbps using 60-108 kHz band circuits
V42 Combined error correction and data compression standard to give 9600
bps on dial-up lines
X series: Recommendations covering data networks
X1 International user classes of services in public data networks
X2 International user facilities in public data networks.
X3 Packet assembly/disassembly facility (PAD)
X4 General structure of signals of IA5 code for transmission over public
data networks
X20 Interface between data terminal equipment and a data circuit
terminating equipment for start stop transmission services on public
data networks
X20 bis V21 compatible interface
X21 Interface for synchronous operation
X25 Interface between data terminal equipment and data circuit terminating
equipment for terminals operating in the packet switch mode on public
data networks
X28 DTE/DCE interface for start/stop mode terminal equipment accessing a
PAD on a public data network
X29 Procedures for exchange of control information and user data between a
packet modem DTE and a PAD
X95 Network parameters in public data networks
X96 Call process signals in public data networks
X121 International addressing scheme for PDN's
X400 Standards for electronic mail, covering addressing and presentation
- Appendix G -
- Glossary -
The following is a list of acronyms and terms which are often referred to in
this document and others dealing with this subject.
ACP - Adapter/Concentrator of Packets.
ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange alternate name for
International Telegraph Alphabet No 5 - 7 bit code to symbolize common
characters and comms instructions, usually transmitted as 8 bit code to
include a parity bit.
Asynchronous - Description of communications which rely on start and stop bits
synchronize originator and receiver of data = hence asynchronous protocols,
channels, modems, terminals, etc.
Call Accept - In packet switching, the packet that confirms the party is
willing to proceed with the call.
Call Redirection - In packet switching, allows call to automatically
redirected from original address to another, nominated address.
Call Request - In packet switching, packet sent to initiate a datacall.
Closed User Group - A type of high security NUI in use on several PSNs
throughout the world. CUG users can access optional parameters and NUAs
blocked out by security.
CUG - Closed User Group.
Data Circuit Terminating Equipment - Officalese for modems.
Data Country Code - The first three digits in the four digits of any given
DNIC.
Data Network Identifier Code - The four digits which come before the area
code/address/port address of any given NUA. The DNIC shows which PSN any
given host is based upon. The DNIC can also be broken down into two parts,
the DCC and the NC. For more information, see part VIII.
Data Terminal Equipment - Officalese for computers.
DCC - Data Country Code.
DCE - Data circuit terminating equipment.
Destination Paid Call - A collect call to a NUA which accepts collect charges.
DNIC - Data Network Identifier Code.
DTE - Data Terminal Equipment.
DTE Address - The five digits following the area code of the host on any given
NUA. For example, the NUA 234112345678 has a DTE address of 45678.
Gateway - A host on a given PSN which is connected both the the originating PSN
and one or more different or same PSN's. Gateways also allow one user on
one PSN the ability to move to another PSN and operate on the second as if
the first was not interfering.
Host - Any system accessible by NUA on the PSN.
Hunt/Confirm Sequence - String of characters sent to the SprintNet POTS
dialin/port which allows SprintNet to determine the speed and data type to
translate to on its PAD.
ITI Parameters - Online PAD parameters (X.3 or ITI) which allow the user to
modify existing physical measurements of packet length and otherwise.
LAN - Local Area Network.
Local Area Network - A data network which operates within the confines of an
office building or other physical structure where several computers are
linked together into a network in order to share data, hardware, resources,
etc. These may or may not own a host address on any data network, and if
so, may be accessed via NUA; otherwise direct dialin is the only
alternative.
NC - Network Code.
NCP - Nodes of Communication of Packets.
Network Code - The fourth digit of any given PSN's DNIC.
Network Protocol - The hardware protocol which allows the host systems to
communicate efficiently with the PSN it is connected to. Generally,
synchronous protocols (X.??) are used within the network and asynchronous
protocols (V.??) are used to access the network, but asynchronous protocols
within the network and/or synchronous dialin points are not unheard of.
The standard protocol for packet transfer today is the X.25 synchronous
data protocol. For detailed information, please see part V and Appendix F.
Network User Address - The address of any given host system on any PSN. This
address is thought of as a "phone number" which is dialed to access the
desired host.
Network User Identifier - The ID and password which allow the user which has
logged onto the PSN's PAD to originate calls to host systems which do not
accept collect calls. it is often thought of as a "k0de" or a calling card
which will be billed for at the end of every month.
NUA - Network User Address.
NUI - Network User Identifier.
Outdial - Any system which allows local, national, or international dialing
from the host system. PC-Pursuit can be defined as a local outdial system.
Most outdials operate using the Hayes AT command set and others may be menu
oriented.
Packet Assembler/Disassembler - The device/host which translates the actual
input/output between the host and the user. The PAD often translates
between baud rates, parities, data bits, stop bits, hardware protocols, and
other hardware dependant data which reduces the hassle of continual
modification of terminal and hardware parameters local to the originating
terminal.
Packet Switched Exchange - Enables packet switching in a network.
Packet Switched Network - A network based upon the principle of packet
switching, which is the input/output of packets to and from the PAD which
translates input and output between the user and the host. For detailed
information, please see part IV.
Packet Switched System - Another name for the PSN.
Packet Switch Stream - The PSN used by British Telecom.
PAD Delay - The extra time that is used to translate incoming and outgoing
packets of data which is composed of a continuous stream of clear-to-send
and ready-to-send signals. PAD delay can vary depending on the type of
network protocol and network/port speed is being used.
PAD - Packet Assembler/Disassembler (technical), Public Access Device (customer
service description).
PDN - Public Data Network or Private Data Network.
Port Address - The two optional digits at the end of any given NUA which allow
the PAD/PSN to access a given port. For example, 031102129922255 would
reach the NUA 311021299222.55, .55 being the port address.
Private Data Network - Any network (LAN/WAN/PSN) which is owned and operated by
a private company. Private networks are usually smaller than public
networks and may host a myriad of features such as gateways to other
public/private networks, servers, or outdials.
PSE - Packet Switch Exchange.
PSN - Packet Switched Network.
PSS - Packet Switch Stream or Packet Switched System.
PTSN - Public Switched Telephone Network.
Public Data Network - Another name for the PSN.
Public Switched Telephone Network - The voice grade telephone network dialed
from a phone. Contrast with leased lines, digital networks, conditioned
lines.
Server - A type of network which is connected to a host system which can be
reached either via NUA or direct dial which provides the "brain" for a LAN
or WAN.
V.?? - Asynchronous network protocol.
WAN - Wide Area Network.
Wide Area Network - A data network which operates on a continuous link basis as
opposed to the packet switched basis. These do not operate on the X.25
protocol and may only be accessed via direct-dial or a host on a PSN which
is linked with the WAN.
X.?? - Generally symbolizes some type of synchronous network protocol.
