Cousins Issue 07

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Cousins

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COUSINS ISSUE #7 - August 1992 pt1 

A place for the Witches, pagans, nature spirits, fey-folk, and assorted 
elder kin of Sherwood to share ideas, challenges, dreams, and projects, 
and to stir up a little magic of our own. 

for more information about Cousins, contact Susan Gavula, 
sjgavula@terminator.rs.itd.umich.edu 

This Issue's Fun Word: CUCULLATUS 
Latin for Hooded Man. Genius Cucullatus is what the Romans called the 
statues of Hooded Men that they found throughout Celtic Europe. In 
Britain, they tended to be triple Hooded Men. They also tended to be 
phallic. Sometimes they carried eggs, making them fertility images, but 
one Hooded Man statue was found who was clearly a prosperity image that 
carried a moneybag.  (See "Genius Cucullatus" in The Dictionary of 
Celtic Myth and Legend by Miranda Green, obtainable from Book of the 
Month Club.) 

(Thanks to: Linda Frankel) 

LETTERS 

Christine Haire 

Dear Cousins, 

Slow down, Hilda - you're too efficient! I'm forever gonna be 2 issues 
behind, it seems. Well, here I go again... 

Denise and I just returned from a magical journey to England. Our heads 
are still in the clouds and our hearts are still there. Between our 
jobs, running the club, and the convention, we were suffering from a 
major case of burnout, so we decided to run away and try to rekindle the 
flame. We spent 12 days there. The first place we went was Bodiam Castle 
in Kent, which was a location used in RoS and home of a big archery 
tournament which used to have RoS guests. We attended the tournament on 
our last trip to England in 1988, so it felt like returning home. 
Bodiam is an extraordinarily beautiful, fairy tale, moated castle often 
overlooked by tourists.  We stayed at The Castle Inn B&B/Pub right 
across the road. We got in, walked around a bit, and then crashed from 
jet lag. We woke up at 11:30 PM! So we got dressed and decided to go for 
a moonlight walk near the castle. It was pitch black and misty outside. 
We had to dodge sheep as we made our way up the winding path to the 
castle. It was still except for the night sounds of the woods around us. 
There was a wondrous full moon which reflected off the moat. We climbed 
over the gate and walked slowly up the drawbridge but didn't dare to 
touch the great door. We sat on a bench facing the castle and absorbed 
the great magic and atmosphere of the place.  Suddenly, the distant 
church bells chimed 1 o'clock and we ended our midnight adventure and 
went back to our beds like good little pumpkins. That was the first 
night... 

From there we went to London and saw Michael in Aspects of Love and 
Clive in Pocket Dream and SHOPPED! We next picked up our rental car and 
drove to Hathersage where we stayed in a haunted B&B next to, literally, 
where Little John is buried. We then saw all the Robin Hood stuff in 
Edwinstowe and Nottingham. Next, we were off to Wales where we saw 
lovely Tintern Abbey, Chepstow, and Caldicot Castles. Then, we went to a 
beautiful B&B in Chewton Mendip and visited Cheddar Gorge (another RoS 
filming location) and Glastonbury from there. 

Glastonbury seems to be a mecca for pagans, new agers, hippies, 
Christians, etc. We found two great stores there called Gothic Image 
Books and next door was The Goddess and the Green Man!  We visited the 
Chalice Well, Glastonbury Abbey, and walked the Tor. The view from the 
top of the Tor is beyond comparison. 

Just before we left for England, we received information on "A 
Celebration of Beltane, Robin Hood, The Green Man and Lady" which was an 
event being held in London. The lady who organized it was kind enough to 
hold tickets for us and even invited us to stay with her and her husband 
over the weekend. The event was held at a lovely Jacobean-style manor 
house converted into a community centre. Unbeknownst to them when they 
booked the hall, there turned out to be a gorgeous green man carving 
over the fireplace and a green lady in the ceiling in the room they 
used! the morning of the event we helped them decorate the room with 
real ivy. Mark Ryan was one of the scheduled speakers and also opened 
the celebration. The other speakers were: Steve Wilson, who gave a 
fascinating talk on Robin Hood's connection to Mayday and comparative 
myths; John Matthews, who guided a meditation on finding your totem 
beats; Chesca Potter, a brilliant artist who is working with Mark and 
Mike Grell on The Wildwood Tarot, gave an illustrated talk on the 
Goddess of the Greenwood and ancient forests; Mark talked about the 
research he has done, historical and mythological, into Robin Hood and 
the Green Man; and Andrew Collins, author of The Seventh Sword, talked 
about the links between the Green Man, Robin Hood, Mayday, the Knights 
Templar, and Roslin Chapel in Scotland. We'll have more details about 
these talks, hopefully, in upcoming issues of On Target. There were 
tables set up in the back of the room selling books, Wiccan material, 
art prints, vegetarian food, and Spirit of Sherwood memberships. (The 
generous folks who ran the event gave us a table!) We were floored when 
a lady walked in with a Spirit of Sherwood T-shirt. She turned out to be 
one of our active British members. We also got to meet several other 
British fans of the series. 

Another activity was a Guardians of the Woodland visualization which was 
very effective. It was eloquent in its plea to save the woodlands but 
simple enough to be accessible to the uninitiated. The Guardians 
represented included Herne, Artemis, and Elen. The lady who organized 
the circle wanted me to portray Elen but I declined, finding that idea a 
bit overwhelming. It was a very successful visualization. They also 
showed the RoS bloopers and had folk songs by a group called Fire and 
Ice. Mark brought Nasir's swords and bow and passed them around. It sort 
of felt like being at a con. We thoroughly enjoyed ourselves. The folks 
running it and Mark treated us like visiting royalty but made us feel 
like part of the family. I also got to meet and chat with one of my 
favorite authors, John Matthews. He came by our table and said he was 
glad we made it to the event and did we get his letter in time? We said 
no, but we'd had another letter with the details and here we were. (His 
very nice letter was waiting for us when we got home as well as one from 
Mark - figures, huh?!) John asked if he could buy some back issues of On 
Target. No, we of course told him, we would just send him them when we 
got home. He is researching his book Robin Hood - Lord of the Greenwood 
which should be published in Spring of '93, and he said he will keep us 
posted. Mark saw us talking to John and very sweetly popped over to make 
introductions. Everyone was just so nice to us. 

We spent Sunday in London with our friends and did more shopping. Then 
Monday we spent the day with Richard Carpenter and his wife Annie. They 
are doing very well, and Richard is looking forward to seeing everyone 
in August. All in all, it was a glorious, rejuvenating journey for us 
and we're back alive and kicking. 

At the Beltane event, I bought 2 issues of a little 'zine called 
Tradition which has articles about keeping traditions and customs alive. 
Topics included: Robin Hood, the Green Man, the Celts, May Day and the 
Maypole, the Rite of Spring, the English Bagpipe, Boadicea's Revolt, 
Greek customs, etc. I read them on the plane back and they were a good 
read. Subscriptions are from Paul Salmon (Exec. Editor), Tradition, P.O. 
Box 57, Hornchurch, Essex RM11 1DU. Send an IRC for rates. I also bought 
an excellent book called Greenmantle by Charles De Lint, which I 
understand is available here, but I'd never seen it. The blurb on the 
back of the book says, "Not far from the City lies an ancient wood, 
forgotten by the rest of the world, where mystery walks in the 
moonlight. He wears the shape of a stag.. a goat.. a horned man wearing 
a cloak of leaves. He is summoned by the music of the pipes, or a fire 
of bones on Midsummer's Evening.  He is chased by the hunt, and shadowed 
by the wild girl. When he touches your dreams, your life will never be 
the same again." Sound good? I also bought Caitlin & John Matthews' new 
book, Ladies of the Lake, which should be out here this month. 

Julianne: Arrowflight has apparently been resurrected. It was out at 
Mediawest in reprinted form. I think Deb Walsh was selling it with Anne 
Wortham and Leah Rosenthal. We'll try to get more details. 

You are right about exploring and developing the characters as seen on 
the show. But the point is not to make them into some completely 
different, alternate version of the character by totally disregarding 
the series and doing something so removed from what that character as 
seen on the show would do. Does that make sense? 

The ritual sounds a bit complicated, "showy" and inaccessible to the 
uninitiated. Simplicity may make it more accessible and physically 
easier to conduct in a hotel room. 

You mentioned the term "paganoChristian." You may enjoy a book called 
Celtic Fire which is about that very time of transition in British 
history (ISBN 0-385-41958-9), edited by Robert Van de Weyer. 

Nansi Loser: Thank you so much for the nice compliments about On Target. 
We need a pat on the back from time to time and we are so proud of our 
contributors we thank you on their behalf as well. Why can't you skip 
part of Pennsic and come to Michigan? (Whine-whine!) We'll miss you! 

Oh, boy, did I push the wrong button with the word "converted" - oops! 
Each religion has its examples and non-examples, including paganism. 
I've run across my share of pagans who act very superior and look down 
their noses at those "poor, backwards, unenlightened Christians, Jews, 
etc." and try to make people feel stupid for still holding the same 
beliefs that they were raised with. So, I guess that's the attitude I 
meant - no personal offense to anyone intended.  I've seen Christian RoS 
fans put on the defensive. I just can't imagine you having to worry 
about anyone in the RoS fandom. If you show them you are tolerant, they 
should reciprocate.  It's a very tolerant bunch of folks in RoS fandom. 

Ariel: Why were you referring me to the library?! I was responding to 
Mary Ann McKinnon with regard to historical questions. I have my own 
historical library. 

My point about the possibility of Loxley carrying on Herne's role was 
meant as an idea of an alternate explanation for The Greatest Enemy. If 
he were taken by Herne to be his apprentice but thought to be dead, he 
would have time. Just an apocryphal fan-fiction idea - no big deal. 

There is no garter in RoS. 

You're right about the anti-Christian vibes in fan-fic. You make a very 
good point about some folks taking it too far. 

Cousins is a LETTERZINE. By its nature then, it should discuss whatever 
its letters contain, and I agree that it should not be boxed into any 
limited topics of discussion. 

Raven: Wow, if your friends are that closed-minded that they wouldn't 
respect your religious beliefs, how do you cope? It must be extremely 
hard play-acting for them. True friends should respect your beliefs as 
you respect theirs. 

Hilda: The circle seems a bit complicated to me too. Yes, I for one am 
allergic to some incense. It also may not be a good idea to burn incense 
in a hotel due to fire laws, smoke alarms, and the smell lingers in the 
carpets and curtains. 

The geographical area of the country really bears little significance. 
We are having a convention for a British TV show called Robin of 
Sherwood, not a religious gathering. It is the first time in this hotel. 
There will be mundanes around. People walking around in garb will be 
enough for the hotel folks and the mundanes to take in. We do appreciate 
your discretion. How many folks can you fit comfortably in a hotel room 
for a circle? You may want to have that first as a smaller gathering and 
a party later. 

Paucity of RoS conventions? It's all we can do to make it to Visions, 
MediaWest and Weekend - all of which have RoS related activities. We 
also have "mini-con" get-togethers with our friends on a regular basis, 
which is great fun! 

I really will shut up now, at long last! Keep up the good work and 
Blessed Be! 

Todd Parrish 

Dear Cousins, I am sorry to have skipped the last issue, but my 
Macintosh disk storing my literary genius crashed unexpectedly (so much 
for good intentions, aye?) Then, I couldn't remember what I wrote since 
I was busy with other projects. Oh, well... I would like to add my ideas 
to the already bewildering array of others. 

I was very impressed with the size of this newsletter! Huge! It is 
interesting for me to see what Craft people have to say since I know 
relatively so little about it. 

I was especially grateful to Richard Carpenter for his information on 
Robin of Sherwood. I can understand why the VCR would be a curse for a 
writer, since it gives the opportunity for ideas, etc. to be 
scrutinized. I wondered about the Goddess too, since there was so much 
of a to-do about it - the Goddess is very important to pagans. I can see 
why; there needs to be a balance between the God and Goddess to achieve 
harmony. However, I think that stating that this was a matter of choice 
(Herne as the deity) rather than an oversight helps settle some 
concerns. I also thought the part of Herne dressing as a the Goddess was 
amusing - I think Richard was right. Audiences would have a hard time 
accepting this. It is a hysterical concept having Herne dress in drag. I 
can just see Matthew of Wickham asking Alison, "Why does Herne dress up 
like a girl and talk in a high voice?" I mean, what could a mother say? 
This sounds like an interesting apocryphal story, really... You know, I 
agree, we can't know everything about everything, no matter how well- 
versed we are in a particular subject. I would like to know more about 
Belleme (learning black magic during the Crusades). I think it was a 
great touch having him run around in Saracen robes instead of the stuffy 
English getup. Also, I feel rather vague about the Silver Arrow. Sorry, 
Richard. I would like to know a little more about it - perhaps someone 
can make up a plausible fanzine story? I tend to agree with Julianne on 
this subject. I also enjoyed Richard's suggestions about tarot cards - I 
think I will make up my own deck! Sounds like fun... 

Speaking of watching the tapes over and over (RoS), I've been watching 
Jason's performance as compared to Michael's. You know how when you 
watch things over and over again, the actors' performances become 
stilted and mechanical? Well, I never realized it the first time through 
(because I was so ecstatic that the series would continue after Loxley's 
demise), but I really feel that Jason's acting paled in comparison to 
Michael's (gads, I'm gonna piss people off here).  Michael's lines were 
delivered naturally, and always seemed unrehearsed. However, Connery was 
really stiff and seemed to deliver them with weaker conviction. I think 
this is why I tend to like Loxley more, although I'm moving on to 
explore more story ideas with Jason. Could this have something to do 
with his being a former earl's son (conservative demeanor)? However, I 
think that Jason just didn't have the spark that Michael had to endear 
me to the character.  Well, having to mutter lines through false teeth 
didn't help, either (poor Jason). [Fangs for reminding us! -H] Is there 
anyone who feels the same way I do, or am I alone in this? 

I also don't understand this double standard with Marion not being able 
to have sex with anyone other than her husband. Did it ever occur to 
anyone that she might have found a lover in the convent? There were 
plenty of stories about nuns becoming pregnant and deferring 
responsibility to the Devil. We really know what those priests and nuns 
were up to anyway, don't we? (I must qualify this by saying that not all 
the nuns and priests were unchaste, but many of them were.) I see so 
many Beltane stories with Robert getting laid, why not Marion in the 
convent? She could be getting some attention too. She could have had a 
lover before Jason rescued her from Owen of Clun (when she was at 
Leaford), although that's unlikely. We understand that she was quite 
devastated, but why not take comfort in the arms of a man? I guess we 
tend to see Marion as more faithful and pure, while we see Jason being 
available and capable of performing (depends on your own motives in a 
way, I think). I don't think this is entirely accurate, although it is 
one way of looking at it. Marion wouldn't have to commit to a 
relationship other than to God. Plus, she could have the physical 
comfort of a man too. O.K., we have some problems with religion, but 
when did that ever stop anybody? Are women so different from men that 
they would not have needs and desires? We sure can suspect that the 
monks and priests satisfied themselves in various ways. I know I am 
going to create a little bit of uproar, but it is a thought... I am 
almost certain that a person writing a story like this would be flogged 
whereas a person writing a sexy Robert story would be applauded. If so, 
why do you think that is? I'm sorry, but I feel that there is a double 
standard here, and why is it that there are so many women in this fandom 
so quick to defend Marion's "honor" when they eagerly accept Jason's 
Beltane rompings? I'm puzzled over this... 

Julie: Sir Guy of Gisburne is my favorite character. I feel so sorry for 
him; he's a blunderer, and also at the same time, sometimes cleverer 
than the Sheriff. Poor Gizzy never does get any credit for trying. 
However, it deeply disturbs me that he was also a murderer. I want to 
like him, but I'm torn. I think that is his allure. One can't help but 
like Much. Again, he's a little slow, but he's really such a nice guy. 
I'm attracted to John's love of others, his strength, and his tenderness 
for Meg. Will is the comic relief, and I really despise him. I know I'd 
run the other way if I met him in real life. I don't like loud-mouthed 
bullies (O.K., I really did like him, I'll admit it). I'm not completely 
riveted by Marion, although she is cute and I did cry when she lost her 
husband. Nasir is too silent for me to really like him. Most of my close 
friends tend to babble and I love them for it. I like Michael more since 
he's more mysterious and mystical than Robert. I think Herne is really 
irritating and intriguing. Phil Rose is the perfect Tuck. I have a 
really hard time accepting anyone else in the role. Of course, I love to 
hate the Sheriff. He's avaricious and thoroughly fascinating. 

Who asked me about Kinesiology? [I did. -H] Yikes, I can't find you, but 
I know the question was asked. Kinesiology is the psychological study of 
muscles and movements. However, it isn't all as boring as that. 
Basically, the study demonstrates, rather non-empirically, what 
medicines, etc. are good for your body. This washes over into personal 
relationships, etc. It means becoming in tune with yourself and 
recognizing what your body needs. It demonstrates what makes you strong 
and weak. It ties in also with the psyche, and touches on magic. Well, 
most psychology does if you really look at it... 

Got to sign off or I never will get this in the mail. Please remember 
(about the above), I'm trying to understand more, and not trying to 
cause conflict! 

Linda Frankel (Issue 1) 

I can report, in response to Raven's question about using RoS characters 
in Pagan practice, that when my women's circle did a ritual this past 
March for the purpose of mourning the Dying God to coincide with the 
Roman mourning of Adonis, the God I mourned was Robin. I said that 
through him I mourned the loss of responsible and caring leadership. 
Later in the ritual there was a meditation in which the God was re-born. 
I imagined Robert bursting from a giant egg and stepping out of the 
shell fully formed. What a great joy it was to see that sun- haired 
youth after the darkness of mourning Robin! Some will object that Robin 
and Robert are not Gods. It is my belief that all of us share in the 
divine and are part of it. The beings we call Gods are thought 
projections that we give power through worship. Richard Carpenter has 
given Robin Hood more power in the modern world than he's ever had 
before, and we feed that power each time we call on him in circle or 
write about him in zines. 

Ariel says that Marion's choice to stay in a convent is surprising. I 
don't think it's possible that she would even stay an entire year. She's 
not a stupid woman. Why would she deliberately put herself in Hugo de 
Rainault's clutches? Fan writers underestimate the power of a man in his 
position. He would move as quickly as he could to destroy Marion, and if 
the Abbess of Halstead tried to protect her, he'd destroy Halstead's 
reputation. It would be relatively easy to do this.  Nuns were always 
suspected of slipping the leash in the Medieval Church. Then there's the 
Interdict. If we accept the timeline in In The Shadow of the Wheel, 
Marion went into Halstead in August of 1207. In march of 1208 the Pope 
declared all of England under Interdict. (Haven't any other RoS fans 
picked up on the Interdict? I've never seen any reference to it in RoS 
fan fiction.) The sacraments couldn't be administered to anyone in the 
entire kingdom during that period of time. If Marion believed that the 
Church was any help at all to the people of England, she'd be singing a 
different tune when the Church offered them nothing for five years. Even 
if she was willing to risk Hugo de Rainault's venom for some reason, she 
couldn't in conscience stay in a Church that serves no one. It's also my 
belief that her Goddess wouldn't let her stay at Halstead. Although 
Marion could serve the Lady secretly at Halstead, she could not be 
Maiden of Sherwood there. Do we believe in the importance of Marion's 
office? Well, if we do, then she must return. 

When I started reading the section that Ariel wrote on Robert, I wanted 
to cheer. I'd been under the impression that all of RoS fandom suffered 
from Will Scarlet Fever, the sad condition of believing every rude word 
that Will ever flung at Robert. There are questions about Robert's 
background that have been answered too facilely. Why would a nobleman 
want to learn a peasant's weapon like the quarterstaff? The longbow is 
an even more inappropriate weapon for a nobleman. Some scholars say it 
was used in this period for hunting, but it was the shortbow that was 
used for that purpose. I've read that the longbow had actually been 
banned, and was only in use as an outlaw's weapon! The fact that Robert 
went out of his way to learn the quarterstaff and the longbow tells me 
that he was a rebel against established authority long before he became 
Hooded Man. I agree that David of Huntingdon would have been cynical 
about the Church. He would have contributed vast sums to the Church, 
attended mass regularly, given lip service to Christian beliefs, and 
counted himself as a good Christian while being a thoroughgoing 
hypocrite. At the same time, like many other noblemen of the time, he 
would probably be superstitious - fearing plots involving witches, 
demons, and vengeful ghosts.  People who fear vengeful ghosts have 
usually done something that consumes them with guilt, and a Norman Lord 
usually had more than enough crimes on his conscience. In order to 
protect himself, he would become the patron of astrologers and 
sorcerers. I see Robert as becoming a devout Christian in rebellion 
against his father. I believe that Robert has a strong ascetic streak 
that would incline him to the monastery and harsh penances. This would 
have frightened Earl David badly. The last thing he'd want is for his 
son and heir to become a celibate monk, but Robert, the man who resigned 
his heritage, is obviously given to extremes. He'd want to be a saint 
and martyr, and I feel that this would strongly influence him to become 
Hooded Man.  It's a very public sacrifice. Obviously, he would also have 
to be a Pagan, but this was a time when the two religions were being 
combined. I posit that he's had the opportunity to study ceremonial 
magic of the Hermetic type with a Moorish astrologer who was part of his 
father's household for a while. This style of magic is much more formal 
than anything Robin would have done. So I see Robert as a totally 
syncretic heretic. If you want to read a story about Robert as a 
Pagan/Christian, see my slash story, The Successor, in No Holds Barred 
#1. (Available now from Kathy Resch, P.O. Box 1766, Temple City, CA 
91780.) There are two other RoS slash stories in the issue which deal 
with De Rainault and Gisburne as lovers. Mine is about Robert being 
secretly initiated by Robin as Hooded Man five years before Robin's 
death. They become lovers in the course of the story. For Robin this is 
an interlude. He does care about Robert, and having a good successor is 
important to him. Yet his main commitment is to Marion.  Robert's 
emotions and reactions are quite different, however. To specify any 
further would reveal too much of the plot. 

(Issue 3) To Kitty Gamarra: I feel that Richard Carpenter opened the 
door to variant interpretations of his characters when he created 
Rhiannon's Wheel. Any alternate universe versions of the characters are 
thus fair play. Why not write professional RoS instead? Well, I do feel 
that what I write is within the spirit of Richard Carpenter's RoS, and 
too close to his vision to be considered totally original. 

To Janet Reedman re: William Rufus: Like King John, William Rufus 
alienated his entire kingdom. It wasn't only the Church who hated him. 
He was cruel, selfish, and irresponsible. I wouldn't consider him worthy 
of being a Sacred King. Since he died during a hunt (for pleasure, I 
might add), it could well be that Herne claimed him as prey, called down 
the Wild Hunt, and possessed the assassin to make sure that William 
Rufus was slaughtered like the rabid dog that he was. 

To Hilda: Why is slash more out of character than anything else? This 
implies certain prejudices about the character traits of gay men and 
lesbians. I don't believe that my slash stories are any more out of 
character than anyone else's RoS fiction, and a good deal less out of 
character than some of the lulus I've read about Robert leaving 
Sherwood. Why isn't slash a valid alternate universe? 

Re: favorite quotes - A favorite quote of mine is from Outlaws of 
Sherwood by Robin McKinley.  "Depend on a Norman not to know the 
difference between a Saxon and a Saracen." There's an idea for a story 
about Nasir there, but I can't put my finger on the plot. Maybe someone 
else will read this and make good use of that quote. 

(Issue 4) To Christine Haire re: Guy turning good - Yes, it does require 
a great deal of work to make such major change in Guy convincing. That's 
why my Guy-turns-good story has become a novel (The Shadow Twin) still 
unfinished. I take Robert and Guy through a series of telepathically 
shared dreams (a gift of Herne to help them through reconciliation) that 
follow the Wheel of the Year with appropriate dreams for each festival. 
The novel is a sequel to The Successor and is also slash. Robert and Guy 
eventually become lovers when their reconciliation is completed. I don't 
believe that incest is abusive when the partners weren't brought up 
together. 

To Ariel re: the patriarchal Anglo-Saxons - You're absolutely right, but 
Richard Carpenter apparently made a decision that he was going to 
address contemporary needs and give us a Marion who is a modern 
feminist. If she can be a feminist, then she can also be a Priestess of 
the Goddess. 

To Laura Todd: - How did Robert win over the band and the people? It's 
hard not to be won over by a man who's so desperate to please that he'll 
do anything for your sake. On a spiritual level this translates into a 
desire to imitate Christ. Robert's ambivalent and conflicted 
relationship with his father is what causes Robert's desperation. On the 
one hand he rebels against his father, and on the other he needs his 
blessing. I think Robert's relationships to Herne and the band are also 
motivated by a similar conflicted dynamic. 

To Laura re: the reasons why writers torture their characters - this 
phenomenon is called hurt/comfort. We hurt them terribly for the sake of 
the comfort that happens later. In some cases, hurt/comfort is a 
repressed need to depict a slash relationship, yet some slash writers 
(such as myself) are still engaged in the hurt/comfort syndrome. I 
torture my characters to test them to their limits and reveal their 
strength. I don't believe in villains, and I can't get interested in 
characters who don't have complex motivations. The worst torture scenes 
I've ever written are Guy's memories of what his mother's husband did to 
him in The Shadow Twin.  I dredge up these memories from the depth of 
Guy's mind in order to help him recover from his abuse. There is always 
an important narrative purpose in what I do to my characters. 

To Kathy Allard re: "How do we know that Robin was a Pagan?" - Hooded 
Men with money bags, images of Cernunnos spitting out coins, and other 
very suggestive Celtic artifacts convince me that Robin Hood is a very 
ancient and pre-Christian myth. Yet I do agree that Richard Carpenter's 
RoS is revisionist and modern in its concerns. This is only to be 
expected, and it's the reason why we respond to it so strongly. 

To Kathy re: scholars who think that they know who the "real" Robin Hood 
was - I believe that the men who called themselves Robin Hood in 
historic times were bringing an ancient legend to life for their own 
reasons - whether they were Sons of Herne, secular revolutionaries, or 
simply thieves. The tourists who visit Sherwood today are being told 
that the only "real" Robin Hood was Robert Hood of Wakefield in the 
reign of Edward II. (See Time Traveler's Guide to Robin Hood's England 
by Stephen Davis,) However, I have also read that a family with the 
surname Robinhood had lived in Wakefield for centuries before Edward II. 
This implies that my position about Robin Hood being an ancient legend 
is correct, or there had to have been at least one "real" Robin Hood who 
was a good deal earlier than the one in Wakefield. 

General question: Are Richard Carpenter's novelizations available in the 
United States? How do I obtain them? 

To Hilda - The Sacrifice is of very central importance to ancient Pagan 
theology. Ancient Pagans believed that all life came from death in an 
endless cycle. My Robin tells Tuck in The Successor that if the Sacred 
King doesn't die, people will forget the cycle and will give nothing 
back to the Land. This is meant to be prophetic, and it's obviously been 
borne out in modern times (with my 20/20 hindsight). I believe that the 
concept of the Sacrifice therefore has a great deal to teach us today. 
To us it is a Mystery. We don't understand it. The trouble with 
NeoPagans is that we want our religion safe and moderate, but that rids 
us of the ecstasy that was possible in eras when religion was dangerous 
and extreme. Now we can revive that ecstasy in RoS fan fiction, and have 
our characters do things that modern Pagans consider politically 
incorrect or too difficult. Fannish RoS stories can be about a more 
rigorous and demanding Paganism that is more exciting than our own 
modern practices. 

(Issue 5) To Julianne re: where the idea that all Christians are priests 
got lost - I have my Tuck realize during his Grail initiation in The 
Shadow Twin that this idea got lost due to infant baptism. If baptism is 
Christian priestly initiation, then it shouldn't be administered to 
infants.  Only adults could experience the transformation that was 
originally intended. 

To Nansi re: fiction dealing with the Sacred King sacrifice - For a 
novel that takes place chronologically very close to RoS, see The Swords 
of December by Robert York. It's about Thomas a Becket dying as a 
substitute for Henry II. Becket's struggle over becoming a Pagan 
sacrifice in this novel is a strong influence on what I've written 
concerning Tuck's conflicts over becoming Robert's substitute in both 
The Successor and The Shadow Twin. Yet I don't believe a word of The 
Swords of December. If Becket died a willing sacrifice, then why was 
Henry II so guilty about it that he bound himself over to be publicly 
scourged before Becket's tomb? And in RoS terms, it's clear that 
Becket's sacrifice couldn't have been valid, or Ailric wouldn't have had 
to die. It is my belief that an unwilling sacrifice is poison to the 
Land, making a true and valid one all the more necessary. 

To Nansi: re: the joy of the Sacrifice - Oh, absolutely! The term Sacred 
King has to mean something. He must feel like a King when he goes to his 
death - not a victim. This is a very prominent theme in the RoS I've 
been writing. Robin tells Robert in The Successor that the Land gets the 
best - a hero at the height of his powers. Herne's Son must always 
strive to be the wheat and not the chaff. 

To Ariel re: liking characters because they're bad - To me, this is like 
Satanism.  Perpetrators of evil usually turn out to be victims. If you 
accept the surface of their evil actions and don't delve within, you 
will never find this out. I admire Robert de Rainault because he's 
smooth, charming, and witty - not because he's evil. His childhood was 
undoubtedly horrific. 

To Ariel re: training to become Herne - Robin might have been getting 
this training as a ghost on the astral plane from his "death" in 1201 to 
whenever the writer decides to manifest him on the material plane again. 
On the other hand, if the man called Herne is truly possessed by the 
God, he needs a rare gift, not training. In The Shadow Twin, I intend to 
be very strict about the resurrected Robin speaking Herne's words and 
not his own unless Herne allows Robin to express his personality for 
Herne's purposes. I think that fans who bring Robin back as Herne 
sometimes forget that he really is supposed to be representing Herne 
rather than himself. When I began my novel I hadn't planned to bring 
Robin back, but when it became clear to me that it would provide for 
some wonderful dramatic conflict, I couldn't resist. King Stag also told 
me in a dream that He needed Robin to be resurrected, and I can't deny 
the God any more than Robin could. 

To Ariel re: Robert not having a garter because he needs to decide what 
he believes - Now why would Herne choose someone like that? Doesn't 
Herne know what He's doing? A religious skeptic can't properly preside 
over the village rites and can't fulfill the Blessing, let alone the 
Sacrifice. Robert really doesn't strike me as a religious skeptic type 
at all. A religious skeptic wouldn't be capable of hearing Herne's 
voice. A religious skeptic wouldn't have Tuck so totally devoted to him 
that Tuck stayed and waited in Sherwood long after the rest of the band 
had given up on Robert. I'm sorry, but that doesn't make sense to me. 

To Raven re: Robert as a "wimp" - Ah, I see. You think that repressing 
feelings makes a man better somehow. Guy represses his feelings. He 
never cries, though he certainly has good reason to do it, and all those 
repressed feelings curdle into violence inside of him. Guy's so strong 
and aggressive, isn't he? Bah humbug! 

(Issue 6) To Sharon Wells re: the Dagda - The Dagda is large, laughs a 
great deal, likes good food and drink, and continually stuffs heroes 
into His cauldron of death and rebirth. I decided to introduce Tuck to 
Him as the culmination of Tuck's Grail initiation in The Shadow Twin. I 
think they would get along famously. 

To Chris Haire re: Gisburne as the Moon - I'd say that Guy in the series 
is clearly the Chariot.  Guy accomplishes nothing because his horses are 
pulling in opposite directions. In The Shadow Twin I would call Guy the 
Sun in eclipse or reverse. When Guy is transformed, he becomes the Sun 
more truly than Robert could ever be. I think that the Hanged Man is 
actually more appropriate for Robert. His drive to prove himself through 
sacrifice is never far from the surface. Will should be the Knight of 
Swords both because he's a swordsman, and because he charges impetuously 
into danger. 

To Chris re: Arthurian material - Read Persia Woolley's Guinevere 
trilogy. Persia Woolley's Guinevere imagined herself as a Queen 
Sacrifice, and it bothered me very much. If the Queen who represents the 
Lady dies, then what about the Land? The Queen is the Land, stability, 
and the cycle of the seasons. She can't be spared. Why, there would then 
be no stability and the sacred cycle would be broken - just as if blood 
had been shed during The Blessing Time. I know this is a prejudice, but 
I can't help feeling that way. 

To Richard Carpenter re: the Round Table being given to the heirs of 
Agrivaine - As a result of many years in science fiction fandom, I have 
learned that any seeming inconsistency can be explained, and I can deal 
with this one easily. Suppose that Agrivaine became remorseful about his 
actions before he died. The guardianship of Caerleon and the Round Table 
was then given to his descendants in perpetuity as a penance. (I also 
believe that the Grail is in their keeping, but that it's too precious 
to display openly.) It may seem like a great honor, but consider that it 
also restricts their freedom considerably. 

To Richard Carpenter re: Palomides as a lesbian - I believe, sir, that I 
have been doing you a grave injustice. I had assumed that you 
disapproved of homosexuality in RoS because you are homophobic. That is 
obviously not the case. Please accept my apology. Could you articulate 
your objection more clearly? 

To Kitty Gamarra re: who sent Marion the vision of Robert dead that sent 
her to Halstead - I decided in The Shadow Twin that Marion's own Goddess 
did it to teach Robert a lesson. You see, my Robert was still thinking 
in terms of fathering a son to present to David of Huntingdon as an 
heir. There are several things wrong with this. 1) Robert had sworn to 
give up his heritage.  2) You don't use a Priestess of the Goddess that 
way. 3) A Priestess' son belongs to her, and it's she who will make the 
decisions about the child. Unfortunately, the Goddess' action also hurt 
Marion badly. Later in the narrative, Marion finds out that the Goddess 
was responsible, and she's absolutely livid. 

To Kitty re: why save Marion's life, but not Robin's - I believe that is 
excellent evidence of Marion being a Priestess of the Goddess. As I said 
above to Morgana, the Queen/Priestess represents the Land itself. The 
Sacrifice exists for the Land, not vice versa. That is why it's his role 
to perform the Sacrifice, not hers. Her death was a mistake. His was 
part of Herne's plan. 

To Ariel re: Reuben of Sherwood: a good Jew couldn't have heard the 
voice of a Pagan God calling him, so this must be a very bad Jew indeed. 
However, what Robin Hood does is not condemned by Jewish religious law. 
The Talmud says that stealing from a thief (and the Normans were clearly 
thieves) is not wrong. The Talmud also sanctions stealing for survival. 

Finally finished! You don't have to print it all in one issue. Can I 
have a copy of Basic Elements of Celtic Ritual by Alexei Kondratiev in 
the enclosed SASE? [On the way! -H] Herne protect you and yours. Blessed 
Be! 

Julie Phipps 

Hello everyone! Thought I'd write now, while the newsletter is still 
fresh in my mind, and while I'm off work sick trying to catch up on 
letters. (I'm not sick of work, honest!!!) [I am!  -H] I've got a bad 
cold (ARGHH, I'm not after sympathy either!) 

Sharon Wells: I liked your comments regarding Loxley, about him not 
being perfect. (I know that Janet R. and Hilda disagree!!) [I've told 
you a million times not to exaggerate... -H] but what I mean is that 
it's nice to have him make mistakes; it makes characters more 
believable.  After all, if Loxley is so perfect, then why was there such 
a rift between him and Will (re:  Children of Israel). 

I also liked it when you said about being a MICHAEL-LITE, nice pun!! I 
tend to think that Robert is rather nave when it comes to anything 
'fey' or Magical; perhaps like Will he could be a touch skeptical?? 

Tara: Hello! Thanks for your letter, will write soon. I promise!! I was 
fascinated when I saw Kenneth Branagh's Henry V. I've seen it three 
times, live on stage!! I love it. Have you read his autobiography 
entitled Beginning? It's a brilliant book. I've still not seen Dead 
Again. I'll have to wait till it comes out on video!! I like most 
Shakespeare, by the way, and I'm about 1 1/2 hours from Stratford-upon- 
Avon. Ask Janet R. about the time we nearly got stranded in Stratford by 
the EVIL EXPRESS. 

I don't think there's anything wrong with Michael's legs! Except when I 
met him, I felt like a dwarf against him, but that's nothing new. I felt 
like a dwarf against Robert Addie and Kenneth Branagh!! I'm only 4'11", 
can anyone beat that? 

Amber: As far as I know, Kip didn't know that there wasn't going to be a 
fourth series when he was filming Time of the Teeth. I remember him 
saying at Greenwood that, had he known, he would have tidied everything 
up and Robin would have married Marion!! 

I was also thinking, perhaps the Silver Arrow could be like a Holy 
Grail. Just a thought!! 

Julianne: Hello! I suppose by now Hilda will have told you that Rob and 
I have postponed our trip to Boston. We're now hoping to come in May 
'93, but we will meet, I promise!! 

I'd love to have seen Robert meet Belleme. Interesting material for 
writers, huh? Also, I wonder how Loxley would have handled Gulnar. 

Chris Haire: Hello! I was wondering if you'd sent my membership kit for 
Spirit. I've still not received it yet, nor my pic of Michael and Jason. 
I know 'St.' Helena has received hers. I just wondered if you'd sent 
mine, knowing what the post is like. 

Todd: Just thought I'd let you know I've received my copy of Tree of 
Life. Thanks! Also, I wondered if you had any ideas for what I could do 
in a follow-up to my story Sense and Nobility?? Please write and let me 
know!! 

Janet R.: Hello! How are you?? Glad you received my pic's of Michael and 
my tape. Glad you liked The Pilgrimage, too. Sorry we couldn't meet up 
when you last came over, but I hope to see you a lot when you lodge with 
my brother! 

Hilda: Namesake Saints (sounds like a tongue-twister!!) My friend's name 
is Helena and we know of a St. Helena because they spoke of her at A 
Celebration of Beltane. As for a St. Julie, I like it! but I'm not sure 
if there is one, but I'd like to find out. Julie is my full name. My 
middle name is Amanda. I wonder if there was a St. Amanda?? Julie means 
'Young.' I just looked up 'Hilda,' and (you're gonna love this) Hilda 
means 'Battle-maid!' 

Oh, and what's wrong with Guy's black undies? Not that he would have 
worn Y-fronts in those times - the mind boggles. Will got it right, he 
didn't wear any at all!! (Not that Julianne and I mind, do we, huh??) 

Well, I'm going to close now before I write a novel. Take care and 
Blessed Be. 

Wyvern 

Greetings, Cousins! There are some extremely interesting discussions 
going on in the pages of your zine. I have a couple of questions. If 
Herne is Merlin and Robin is Arthur, would that make Marion Guinevere? 
And if it does, then who would be Lancelot (or Bedwyr, depending on 
whose interpretation you believe)? Why does Marion even have to 
represent an aspect of the Goddess? Couldn't it be possible that she 
represents another aspect of Herne? OK, so it's more than a couple. 

Mr. Carpenter certainly had a great deal of information to impart. Since 
I am ignorant, I had to look up the black cat reference. They mean good 
luck, while white cats mean bad luck. What is this stuff about a King 
Arthur series? Is it just an idea or is it actually in production? I 
would love to see something like that on HBO or Showtime. 

Thank you, Hilda, for the back issues of Cousins. I would have been 
completely lost in the discussions without them. I have enclosed a 
couple (this time I mean it) of cartoons I thought you might like. I got 
a good chuckle from them. [I did - they're funny. I'll copy them for 
anyone who asks. -H] Just for the record, I don't think there's anything 
wrong with skinny thighs either. 

To Chris Haire: Have you read Taliesin, Merlin, Arthur by Stephen 
Lawhead? I just finished those and loved them. Mists of Avalon by Marion 
Zimmer Bradley is also very good. Persia Woolley has a trilogy out. They 
are: Child of the Northern Spring, Queen of the Summer Stars, and 
Guinevere: the Legend in Autumn. They are told from Guinevere's point of 
view and are excellent. There is a book called The Last Pendragon and it 
is about Mordred's son. I don't remember the author's name. Has anyone 
heard of or read, In the Shadow of the Oak King?  That's the first book 
in a new Arthurian trilogy. I was wondering if it was any good. I hear 
it has Merlin in the role of blacksmith. 

I rather like the idea of an all-female cast. If you were to do it as a 
joke storyline, you could have some hilarious PMS plotlines. You might 
have a little difficulty with it as a serious story for pretty much the 
same reason. 

Did we all see "Marion" and "Much" in issue #180 of Starlog? As long as 
I'm asking questions again, does anyone know what they did with the 
bodies of stillborn babies in the middle ages?  And what would you think 
of a story that had Marion leading the Merries? Sort of a Herne's 
Daughter thing. 

Hilda, are fuzzy wuzzums anything like warm fuzzies or little fuzzies? 
My curiosity runs rampant sometimes. 

I have just one more question, then I will close this letter. Have any 
of you heard of Elfquest? 

Shade and sweetwater. 

Morgana Good day, one and all! Nice to be back with you once more. 

Kip: Hey ho! So glad to see you gracing our pages! Before I want to say 
what I want, that Graves poem Broken Images you included last time did 
indeed speak volumes. Both beautiful and very wise. 

Anyway, you said something about rabbis turning to black magick. I'm not 
sure if this counts, and while not black magick per se, early patriarchs 
turned Lilith (the Jewish Goddess and purportedly Adam's first wife) 
into a demoness when she wouldn't subordinate herself to him.  I'll get 
into her more with Kitty's letter, but couldn't a rabbi or group of them 
who wanted to revolt for whatever reasons against Judaism and worship 
her in her malefic aspect? While I have a little bit of Hebrew blood in 
me, I never heard of Lilith till I found the Craft twelve years ago. It 
makes me wonder about her true origins to see past the patriarchal 
hogwash and worship her in the primary form. What I said before about 
invoking her as a demoness is very similar to Morgwyn summoning the 
demon and not the full-blown Black Mass. 

Julianne: About the Triple Jesus theory: I don't know how much credence 
you place on channeled material, but in Seth Speaks by Jane Roberts, 
Seth (Jane's channeled entity) explains that there were three separate 
individuals whose history blended and became a collective Christ. 
Apparently that's why the Biblical records are full of discrepancies. 
These individuals were all males because, as Seth tells it, at that 
period of our development, we wouldn't have accepted a female 
counterpart. Also, that the crucifixion was a psychic and not a physical 
event. All this roughly corresponds to information I channeled through 
the Ouija nearly a year before I read that book. 

How close was Mary Magdalene to Jesus? Holy Blood, Holy Grail makes her 
out to be his wife, but since there's no real proof and you doubt the 
authors' "findings," who really knows? 

I did hear about Jesus' supposed journeys to India, China, and Tibet for 
esoteric wisdom. Were you aware that he was also to have spent time with 
the Druids in the Glastonbury and Stonehenge areas? This during the 
missing eighteen years and not after his escape with his family after 
the crucifixion. 

Kitty: Congrats on your newborn! Blessings to him and all your family! 

Okay, Lilith: As I explained to Kip earlier, she was originally Adam's 
first wife, co-created and co-equal. She refused to subordinate herself 
to Adam and a male god, even in the physical sense: she declined to lay 
beneath Adam in the missionary position (hence becoming a "lesser" woman 
- obedient, subservient, her sexuality confined to procreation.) She 
cursed him, flew off, and made her home by the Red Sea. God sent angels 
to fetch her back but she ignored them and cursed God's command and 
coupled with "demons," giving birth to 100 children every day. 

Lilith was an early rabbinical attempt to assimilate the Sumero- 
Babylonian Goddess Belit-ili into Jewish mythology. To the Canaanites 
she was Baalat, "Divine Lady." On a tablet from Ur, she was Lillake. She 
also acquired identification with Lilitu, which appears to be her 
original name. In the Bible she's "screech-owl" or "night monster." The 
word lullaby is a derivation of "Lilla, abi!" - a Jewish banishing spell 
meaning "Lilith, avaunt!" 

She's apparently a far older concept than Eve. Lilith was unacceptable 
to Hebrew patriarchalism whether she was co-equal with the First Man, or 
as the Goddess who births the First Man (or the Male God). Basically, 
Eve was invented to counteract this rebel and femme fatale, and become 
not only from man and therefore unequal but docile and "kept in her 
place."  Jean Markale makes an interesting statement in Women of the 
Celts: "Eve, the mother of mankind, is merely the castrated version of 
Adam." 

If you have the Farrars' Witches' Goddess, there's a nifty little Lilith 
and Eve play in the chapter of the same name that unites these two 
aspects. 

Hilda: A yeoman was an independent farmer, especially a member of a 
former class of small free-holding farmers in England. "King" is derived 
from -gene (to birth, beget; aspects and results of procreation and to 
familial and tribal groups). From the Germanic it's "kuningaz" and from 
Old English "cyning," "son of the royal kin." 

For anyone's interest: Cromm Cruach is an Irish god, "The Bowed One of 
the Mound." Also called "The Black Bowed One." He's a sacrificial god 
associated with Lughnasad. The last Sunday in July is called Domhnach 
Chrom Dubh (Crom Dubh's Sunday). It's been Christianized as the day of a 
pilgrimage up St. Patrick's mountain, 2,410-foot Croagh Patrick in Co. 
Mayo. The 11th century Book of Leinster says: 	... 
They did evilly 	 
Beat on their palms, thumped their bodies, 	 
Wailing to the monster who enslaved them, 	 
Their tears falling in showers. 	 
In rank stood twelve idols of st 

That about does it for me this time round the Wheel. Blessings and love 
to you all. 

Janet VanMeter 

Merry Meet Again! Thanks, Kip, for writing and trying to "set the record 
straight." We all can really complicate things, can't we. Well, now on 
to the usual stuff... oh no! 

Sharon - I can concede that perhaps some costume person may have 
"slipped" it in under most people's noses, but I still think too much 
emphasis is being placed on that garter as a symbol of leadership in 
RoS. I know I've already touched on this once before... hmm... wouldn't 
we all like to touch that garter... hmmm. Anyway, the obvious symbol 
used in RoS is the hood! Hence Robin HOOD, Robin i' the HOOD, the HOODED 
Man, etc. Leave the other costume accessory for the Order of the Garter. 

The hood was both the 'sacred mantle' of the man chosen to be Herne's 
Son and also the role- marking "mask." In The Greatest Enemy, everyone 
in Wickham assumed it was Loxley rescuing the others. It was because the 
rescuer was wearing a hood - the identifiable mark of the Hooded Man. 
And they only knew of one Hooded Man - Robin of Loxley. The opposition 
Robert faced by most everyone who knew Loxley was because, to them, he 
"dared" take the role of the "Hood." This was difficult to overcome. But 
Robert admitted that he couldn't replace Loxley, only continue. By Time 
of the Wolf, it seemed obvious that except for a small group of people, 
Robert was now the only Hooded Man to the people. Maybe this is why we 
may never know the historical man behind the Legend of Robin Hood. It is 
the role history remembers. 

An interesting sidelight to all this is the following: in some cultures, 
a baby born with a caul - part of the afterbirth over its heal like a 
hood - was considered specially marked and the caul would be kept as a 
talisman for the child. 

Tara - In answer to your confusion as to how Robin Hood met his death, 
in the traditional ballads Robin Hood died by being bled to death by the 
prioress of Kirklees Abbey. In the movie Robin and Marian with Sean 
Connery and Audrey Hepburn, Robin dies by a "mercy poisoning" by Marian 
who had become the prioress of Kirklees. She does this so he would have 
a relatively painless death instead of either dying painfully by the 
wounds he had received, or if he indeed survived that, living an empty, 
unexciting life, unable to recapture the magic of his youth.  Much as I 
love this movie, I still don't like Marian making that decision for 
Robin. 

Kip - As the owner of a black cat, and a tabby, and a half Siamese, I've 
got to say that the black one is the biggest baby and brat of the three. 
I'm not sure how anyone else feels, but it's the whiteJones that give me 
the creeps when they cross my path. Maybe this has something to do with 
the white/albino equals supernatural/death folklore traditions. Does 
anybody else have any insights on this, I wonder? 

Herne Protect. 

Blythe Esan 

Howdy, Cousins! So glad I could join in this time around and carve a 
niche for myself among you folks. I'm amazed at the constant display of 
intelligence you all show, which is a refreshing change from the seeming 
madness surrounding us! 

I'm assuming this issue will be mailed or completed about the time we're 
at Weekend but I wanted to report the results of the proposed RoS ritual 
for the Cousins circle. I wanted to experience it for myself so I 
performed it as a solo ritual in my sacred space out in the woods.  Let 
me heartily recommend it for solitary workings! I did the 6, 4, 5 
sequence and it was powerful. Both Robins were invoked as peasant and 
noble, with Will and Nasir having come in very strongly (not just 
because they're my faves..!) John gave a satisfied little grin and Much 
scampered away into the West. The overall effect was quite pleasing. 

Now on to the business at hand! 

Julianne: If you'd like, I'd be more than happy to loan you my copy of 
The Wicker Man (book) so you can see what it's like. Contact me through 
these pages or feel free to write me at my address and we'll see what 
can be arranged. By any chance would you have Lammas Night? I've heard 
so many good things about it that my curiosity's piqued! If you do have 
it, may I pretty please borrow it? I swear on Herne's antlers I'll treat 
it like gold! 

Debbi: Hi, pal! I recently picked up Sherwood by Parke Godwin, and while 
it looks quite good, I'll have to wait a while before starting it. I'm 
reading a couple of other books right now, including being heavily into 
Foucault's Pendulum (Mark, thank you so much for recommending it. 
You're a dear. I love it.) I for one would like to see more of those 
entries from Brewer's Dictionary. You find the neatest books! 

Kip: Hello and welcome, Oh Creative One! So good to hear from you. Gotta 
thank you for responding to Cousins and clearing up items concerning 
RoS. While I can understand your impatience with us at times, I hope you 
also realize that we Americans have been conditioned since Day 1 to 
scrutinize, analyze (plus any other -ize you can think of), probe, etc. 
to the bare bones until there's nothing left, which naturally kills 
whatever we're digging. You're correct on that point. To quote someone: 
"Because of its simplicity, it is often difficult to understand, as most 
students prefer complexity and complications to this simplicity." I also 
believe we tend to overlook the forest for the trees. But artistic 
license was mentioned last time, and that gives those of us in fanfic 
leeway to come up with the "what ifs" and "suppose thats."  I guess in a 
way that kills all the mystery for certain things, but also lets us 
create our own mystery. Which could lead to something else, and 
something else... 

I hope some of this made coherent sense. It's you we have to thank for 
creating a wonderful series that's truly the life's blood of all the 
zines and fanfic circulating in our Sherwood universe. We fen appreciate 
it to no end! You united us in the Herne Spirit of love and Light and 
for that we are grateful. Many Blessings to you always! 

P.S. - Good luck with King Arthur! I can't begin to count the number of 
zines and fiction sprouting from that! 

It's been a lot of fun, Hilda and everybody! Talk to you later! 

Laura Woodswalker Todd 

Dear Cousins, Ooh, I never thought that my flaky meanderings would be 
read by the Source Himself! I'm so embarrassed! I must confess that that 
was probably my remark about "cardboard cutouts" and the TV series "not 
wanting to probe past the surface." Ooh, yes, that was an unfair remark, 
because most likely a lot of the shortcomings I mentioned are the fault 
of the TV industry, which doesn't seem to encourage character 
development, continuity, etc.  Also, just the nature of the screen 
medium, which handles action and visual details better than stuff like 
"what makes people tick." Certainly the RoS characters are far more 3- 
dimensional and interesting than anything else I've ever seen onscreen. 
That's why I'm a fan! 

If Mr. Carpenter is still listening, I would just like to tell him that 
any critical remarks I made about the show were made in a spirit of "I 
care enough to criticize because I love it so much."  RoS is the only 
show I've ever cared about to this extent; most shows I could care less 
about, and I very rarely watch TV at all. In my previous life (prior to 
becoming a fan) I was a hopeful pro novelist, which is why I tend to 
yammer about "characterization" and "motivation" and other Writers' 
Workshop stuff. 

Anyway, Kip, at the risk of sounding mawkish, I have to confess that RoS 
has become far more than a mere TV show to me; it's a whole alternate 
universe which I share with my children and new friends that I've met 
from all over the country. It has given me incredible amounts of 
inspiration for stories and art, inspired me to take up archery, and 
gotten me interested in real medieval history (as opposed to the generic 
Sword & Sorcery stuff). Oh, and now my daughter and I want to go to 
England in the worst way. Pretty impressive, isn't it? 

My remarks about Loxley's psychic abilities (or lack of them) were made 
partially out of ignorance: I had missed the first season and hadn't 
seen The Witch of Elsdon, where Robin experiences a lot of visions, 
intuition, etc. The first episode I ever saw was The Prophecy, where a 
spy infiltrates Robin's band and he's completely unaware! Well, I 
finally did get to see those first season episodes, and they're a real 
eye-opener (thanks, Nansi and Nancy, for the tape loan). I'd have to say 
they're some of the best episodes in the series. 

Not to be argumentative, but I don't see Robert as on the same level as 
Patty Hearst. Patty was kidnapped, brainwashed into joining the 
terrorists, and once she'd regained her emotional balance she renounced 
the whole thing. Perhaps a more apt comparison would be with some of the 
60's radicals who came from wealthy families and espoused Marxism 
because they were overwhelmed with "liberal guilt." It's difficult to be 
a young, idealistic person and to realize that your own class is 
indirectly responsible for the suffering of others. 

However, I wouldn't carry this analogy too far, because in our own time 
our society pays lip service to ideals of Justice and encourages young 
people to think for themselves, whereas I don't believe this was true in 
medieval times. 

I do agree with Kip's remark that "ancient beliefs are not an organized 
religion." I've had this feeling too - the reason I stopped going to 
organized Wicca stuff was just because it was too planned and organized 
and the feeling was leaching out. My idea of "true religion" is to go 
out in the woods and watch the deer. (We live near Valley Forge Park, 
where the deer are protected, so you can see groups of as many as 8 or 
10 deer and they'll just stand and look at you. What a great place to 
get ideas for stories about Herne, Robin Hood, etc.) 

Morgana: The "Sherwood Amazons?" I love that concept. Only I'd rather 
seen them as individuals in their own right, rather than direct 
analogues of the RoS band. Actually this is a concept I'd thought of 
too... I've got it scrawled somewhere in my book of story ideas. It's 
fascinating to try to come up with several believable models of medieval 
women who broke free of the societal constraints. But they have to be 
believable. No Mary Sues! So if I ever do write them into a story I hope 
you won't think I copied it from you. (For someone who came from 
Darkover fandom like me, it's really a natural crossover idea. Darkover 
is frighteningly close to medieval England/ Scotland.) By the way... a 
lot of people have been suggesting neat story ideas in here. Does this 
mean that you are putting the idea into the "public domain" for other 
fan writers to pick up on?? Because you never know, it just might 
happen. (Consider that a threat.) 

This might not come out before the Con, but if it does, I'd just like to 
comment concerning the proposed Cousins ritual. (Yes - I AM going!! 
Yippee!!) Don't get too complicated and caught up in structural hassles. 
Keep it simple! Do a nice spiral dance if there's room; there's no 
better way to get everyone all mixed up and laughing and relaxed. (Now 
if we could do it in the woods, that would be best. But we can't have 
everything.) 

Ariel: You mentioned that 'in stories where bad things happen to Robin 
it's because of some external event that he can't control, while with 
Robert, bad things happen because of some inherent flaw in his 
character.' I wouldn't put it quite that way - I'd say not so much 
"character flaws" as problems arising from his background and situation. 
I've noticed something similar; in a lot of the Loxley stories I've read 
he is up against an external danger like Belleme, the Sheriff, or 
something supernatural. Whereas the Robert stories often deal with his 
problems fitting into his role, being accepted by the others, or his 
relationships with Gisburne, Marion, his father, etc. I've also noticed 
a slight preponderance of Robert stories (maybe 1/3 more). Is that 
because Robert has more problems to write about? (Perhaps I'm just 
reading the wrong zines. Specifically I'm thinking of Albion.) Oh: also, 
I've found that it's easier to write Robert stories for naughty zines 
like Forbidden Forest. Why? Because Robin of Loxley is already "taken" 
by Marion, but once she leaves for Halstead, Robert is kind of... 
available!! 

Linda: Actually, I don't recall any debates about "which Robin has nicer 

  
buns." (Although we have been hearing a lot about Michael's legs.) But 
while we're on the subject... which one does???? Oooh, this uncovers a 
whole new area for discussion. Perhaps I'll have to watch all the 
episodes again, with my finger on the Pause button, to thoroughly 
research this subject. 

Donna Meinking 

HELLO, ALL YOU COUSINS! After I got Issues #1 through #5, I told Hilda 
I'd read everybody's ideas and write some of my own. I didn't get very 
far. I ordered some of the books suggested by various Cousins and 
started reading. Starhawk's books are very absorbing; so is that Woman's 
Encyclopedia of Myths and Secrets. These books hit the right spot with 
me. Call me a "pilgrim." I believe in a divine being. I was raised a 
Roman Catholic, and was in a nunnery for several years. But organized 
religion, especially if it's run by males, leaves me cold these days. 
Forgive us, Kip, if we talk about THE GODDESS. Some of us may have 
drifted away or just recently escaped from male-dominated religions 
where we were told to pray, pay, and obey, and otherwise shut up. 

Jesus isn't such a bad guy. He can't help what his followers did with 
his ideas. Also, nunneries aren't dull and dreary. A woman can have fun 
and get mental stimulation. In the Middle Ages, it sometimes was a 
better alternative than a forced marriage to a brutal creep who only 
wanted your dowry. But I agree, Marion wouldn't have spent too much time 
in the convent before she would have been longing for the freedom of the 
forest. I left the good nuns because I'm an independent "cuss." Now I 
only have to put up with a husband; likewise, he puts up with me. 

Tuck appeals to me. He is wise and kind, but very strong. He 
participates in the festivals and blessings with Robin, yet does not 
reject good customs from Christianity. Maybe I see in him an integration 
that I want for myself. 

One thing I've learned from any reading I've done is to be more 
suspicious of the author claiming to be "fair and objective." Stephen 
Jay Gould, a biologist, teacher, and science writer, has shown that no 
one is completely objective and unbiased in their research and published 
work. We all have an "ax to grind." Sometimes it's easier to read a 
believer's or a fan's writing. You know where they are coming from and 
you can see where their biases color their work. 

Final comment: Our culture is so print-oriented that we're afraid of 
oral tradition. Oral tradition is not evil, dirty, or false! Sure it 
gets embellished: just listen to a bunch of war veterans sit around 
telling battle stories. You know there is a core of facts in there, and 
the color gives you the feelings of the story-teller(s). 

Thanks so much, Cousins, for being who you are! I have very few folks in 
my town I can discuss science fiction and fantasy with. I usually travel 
50 or 60 miles once a month to be with my fannish friends. We have a 
great time, but we don't get much time to discuss philosophical, 
mythological ideas. It's great that Hilda started this letterzine! Bless 
and blessed be! 

Judi Kincaid 

Hello Everyone! I've really enjoyed the past issues of Cousins, even if 
I couldn't answer in any of them due to international moving. (Yes, the 
first question I asked the apt. manager was "Where's the Mail?") Since 
Hilda has now deemed this a bimonthly production, I now have time to 
write a few thoughts of my own. Course I love reading everyone's ideas - 
what a creative group! Issue 4/5 - 

Julianne and Tara: Thought I'd add another tidbit on Serpent symbolism. 
In the ancient Neolithic cultures the Goddess was often worshipped as 
the Serpent Lady. The snake was revered as female, and linked to wisdom 
and prophetic counsel as well as the Creatrix of several myths. In 
Egypt, the picture of a cobra was the hieroglyphic sign for the word 
Goddess.  The cobra was also known as the Eye - mystic wisdom and 
insight... hmmm, the Third Eye?  Another thought... if the serpent 
represented the Goddess, then could the legend of St. Patrick also be a 
metaphor for the banishment of the Old Religion from Ireland as well? 

Nansi Loser: Thanks for recommending Lammas Night. What an extraordinary 
book - her other novels are also well worth reading. It is still in 
print for anyone who might be searching for it.  I saw it last week in a 
B. Dalton's bookstore. I think that's a national chain? 

Raven: Hi! I also enjoyed Holy Blood, Holy Grail. Have you read the 
sequel, Messianic Legacy?  This time the authors are in pursuit of the 
history behind the Gospels, Pauline Christianity, and even have a theory 
of Jesus being a twin! Another fascinating voyage of theoretical what- 
ifs. 
Issue 6 - Sharon: You brought up an interesting question about de 
Rainault and magic. He was terrified upon gazing at de Belleme's 
apparent resurrection, but who wouldn't be? Actually, I've never thought 
of the Sheriff as being afraid of magic. I think of him as a well-read, 
fairly educated man, for his time. Pity he never put it to a worthy 
cause! Skeptical, but very aware of the Old Religion. He badgered Hugo 
to "read more" as he related the history and significance of the Silver 
Arrow and the Prophecy of Gildas. De Rainault was aware of Beltaine and 
even remarked to de Belleme, "Superstitions are a hobby horse of mine." 
His remark to Gisburne that "...he can prance around Sherwood Forest and 
worship Herne the Hunter.... he can paint himself blue for all I 
care..." seems to indicate some interest in ancient lore and what the 
medieval church would call "occulta."  After some consideration, he was 
willing to ruthlessly hand Marion over to the Baron in what was 
certainly going to be a "sacrifice." Maybe the Sheriff had studied 
magic. He did look a little edgy during the last flight of arrows in the 
tournament. My theory is that de Rainault was more afraid of the Baron 
than of magic in general. As for de Talmont's Book, he'd been duly 
warned, but he brushed it off. While under the power of the Book, he 
seemed very afraid, but after Robin hauled off and slapped him, he 
reverted back to his sneering self (especially when he learned he 
wouldn't be murdered on the spot). 

Linda: What a beautiful expression of who we all are in this wonderful 
fandom! 

Tara: Love your theory on heaven needing a shadow!! By the time Middle 
Ages had rolled around, the Church was portraying Jesus as a divine, 
pure, and spotless being whom all should aspire to emulate. However, at 
the same time, the Church also decreed that all those "baser" human 
emotions (lust, greed, hate, anger, fear) were wrong and to be 
categorically denied. The human psyche must be balanced - light and 
shadow. The Devil as he has come to be portrayed is basically a medieval 
"invention." Nowhere in the Bible (correct me if I'm wrong, folks; I 
don't profess to be a scholar by a long shot!) is there a description of 
a "being" with cleft feet, forked tail, and horns (beats me where the 
pitchfork came in) running around. Basically, to the medieval mind, if 
one force was all good then there had to be an opposing force for all 
the evil of the world. 

There was incredible amount of human suffering in medieval times, and 
the Church needed someone to lay the blame on. It was at this time that 
the Crusaders were returning from the East with tales of Persian deities 
of darkness, manlike in form with horns. These Persian deities seemed to 
resemble the Horned God still being worshipped in Europe. The Church had 
found its scapegoat. [OUCH! Was that intentional? -H] Evidently, "Satan" 
can be translated as "adversary," and may also indicate a military 
appointment. In any event, I agree that the Morningstar was pushed, and 
crowned King of Hell on the downward tumble. 

Kitty: Congratulations!! Thought I'd take a stab at one of your thought- 
provoking questions about who sent Marion the vision of Robert "dead" in 
the Circle of the Nine Maidens. Was it really a vision, or more of a 
really specific premonition? As Ariel pointed out way back in Issue #1, 
Marion appears to be clairvoyant when those she loves are in danger. 
Herne's warning to her in The Witch of Elsdon and Albion's showing her 
Robert being wounded in Power of Albion are probably visions, as they 
were "sent." The experiences in Halstead and Castle Gwydion after the 
outlaws are bespelled are very similar. Dark magic has been unleashed 
and Marion both times awakens as if from a bad dream. We don't know what 
all she saw in her "horrible dream" at Halstead, only that she saw 
Robert at the Ring. Did she see all of what Gulnar had been up to?? She 
may have been so psychically in tune with Robert through her love for 
him that she had this "dream." Like the people one reads about who have 
these foretelling, realistic dreams, and then the "dream sequence" 
actually occurs just as they saw it. Maybe this is what Marion 
experienced? 

About the ladies dancing and turning to stone... Geoffry Ashe in 
Mythology of the British Isles tells of beliefs that standing stones may 
be humans turned to stone for their sins. He cites the Merry Maidens at 
St. Buryan in Cornwall as having danced on a Sunday... also turned to 
stone for dancing on a Sunday were the Nine Ladies at Stanton, 
Derbyshire. Legends say that the stones come back to life and resume 
dancing at certain times. He didn't state when. Anyone know if the Nine 
Ladies is our Ring of Nine Maidens?? 

Kip: What a terrific surprise!! Glad you like Cousins. It was wonderful 
to read all your comments and ideas. Would love to hear more about your 
Atlantis in the Pacific theory. I don't pooh-pooh it, I just think it 
might have been elsewhere. Course I haven't spoken with anyone who 
thought they had been there. Anyway, welcome, and hope you find time to 
chat with us again quite soon! 

I do believe I have chattered on quite long enough. I do wish I could 
meet you all at Weekend - sounds like a tremendous amount of fun - and 
I've never been to a Con *sigh*. I'll be wearing flowers in my hair and 
marrying my dark-haired love that weekend!! So I shall be with you in 
"spirit." Maybe I'll catch up with some of you at Visions? Blessed be, 
and may Herne protect you all. 

Catherine Austein Greetings! I've really enjoyed all the letters I've 
read in Cousins. Thanks, Hilda. 

Tara: I am interested in Celtic languages, particularly Irish. I took a 
semester of Old Irish at college. I looked up the words you mentioned 
and got different meanings. "Muin" means "upper part," "back" or "upper 
back" in old Irish and "top" in the modern. Vine is "fni‚in," and wine 
is "fn" in the old Irish and "fon" in the modern. 

Kitty: In issue 6 you said something about Gulnar driving Owen to his 
death. Perhaps Gulnar did because he saw his own death imminent if Owen 
didn't die. 

 

COUSINS ISSUE #7 - August 1992 part 2 

 
Julianne Toomey 

Dear Cousins, Issue #6 was just jam-packed full of good stuff, not the 
least of which was Kip's letter, which is undoubtedly going to provide 
food for discussion for months, as Hilda said.  Thanks, Kip! We're all 
having a great deal of fun reading stuff into RoS and stretching our 
minds (and wings) a bit. We couldn't do this half as well if you and the 
cast and crew hadn't given us complex characters to play around with. 
Welcome to our (your?) playground! 

Well, there were so many wonderful things said by so many people in 
Issue 6 that I wish I had the time and space to comment on everything 
I'd like to, but in the interest of saving Hilda's typing fingers, I'll 
try and restrain myself. Are you giggling yet, Hilda? [I plead the Fifth 
Amendment. -H] 

Ariel, Rache - did you note Sharon Wells' comments about de Rainault? 
(Hint, hint.) Sharon, you raise some very interesting questions. No one 
has dealt with the Sheriff's fear of magic in the fanfic that I know 
about. It would be fascinating to see this. 

Chris: Please, please, please tell us where you got The Seventh Sword! 
Is it only available in England? From what you talked about, I'm dying 
to read it! Some of the psygenics stuff hits right on the nose for me. 
[Cleared those $*&#@ sinuses, I hope!] Fascinating. Oh, you asked about 
Arthurian stuff. Are you interested in general fiction? Or occult? In 
the former, you probably want to read (if you haven't already): Pyle's 
King Arthur, In the Shadow of the Oak King by Courtney Jones, The Coming 
of the King by Nickolai Tolstoy, King Arthur, Hero and Legend by Richard 
Barber, The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights by John Steinbeck, 
Tennyson's Idylls of the King, Malory's Morte D'Arthur, Geoffrey of 
Monmouth's History of the Kings of Britain, Merlin's Booke by Jane 
Yolen, The Pendragon by Catherine Christian, Invitation to Camelot 
edited by Parke Godwin, King Arthur and His Knights by Sir James 
Knowles, Galahad, Knight Errant by Southworth () 1907!) Norma Lorre 
Goodrich (I think) did a series tracing historical bases of the 
Arthurian cycle, if you're interested. Shall I stop now?  I'm willing to 
loan, if you'll insure the books on the way back to me - all except the 
1907 one.  And as for occult Arthurian legend, try Gareth Knight's The 
Secret Tradition in Arthurian Legend or At the Table of the Grail edited 
by John Matthews or Grail Seeker's Companion by John Matthews and Marian 
Green, and let's not forget The Merlin Tarot, but I wouldn't read from 
it! Too powerful! Oh, and The Book of Merlin edited by R. J. Stewart. 

Tara: Hi! I think I remember a story where Owen raped Marion - Janet 
Reedman's Twilight of the Gods in Sherwood Tunnels 6. (Thanks for 
reminding me, Janet.) Also, I cannot take full credit for this idea 
because Cindy Fairbanks and I also discussed it during our ongoing 
correspondence. Personally, I'm not sure I'd want to write that story 
(this from the woman who described what happened to the women of Wickham 
during Lord of the Trees in Forbidden Forest; well, nobody said I had to 
be consistent) - and I'm not sure Marion wants the story told.  You're 
right. It is a potentially explosive topic. 

I can't help but wonder why none of us has touched it. You've come up 
with a lovely what-if: what if Marion saw Loxley at Cromm Cruach? Gee, 
that might be fun to explore. I usually focus on Will Scarlet during 
that episode, because he's the only one who really makes sense to me 
there. I know, I know. I'm hopeless. Feel free to give it a shot - or I 
will. 

Writing a series? Yeah, I guess I am. M'lady Anna of Hadley Hall just 
keeps doing things... The characters who take your original plot and run 
away with it truly are the best kind to have, but she drives me crazy! 
Geez, she'd probably sic Robin on me if I tried to kill her off. I'm 
willing to trade novel/las. Are you coming to Weekend? I can bring a 
copy, and save us some postage. 

You found a copy of Tennyson's The Foresters? Where did you get it? I 
knew he'd done a Robin Hood, but I've never been able to find it. 
(Tennyson was the subject of my honors thesis in college.) To answer 
your question, Holt mentions Sir Richard of Leaford/at the Lea as the 
knight in one of his earliest of the traditional ballads [he's the 
sorrowing knight whom Robin helps in A Lytell Geste of Robyn Hode -H]. 
You could always ask Kip where he got it. 

As for Lucifer, there are several explanations. (Do read Milton's 
Paradise Lost as Kip suggested.) One: he was actually a personification 
of whichever god of the Old Religion that the New was trying to push out 
at the time, i.e. Pan. A couple of sects of Christianity used to believe 
different things: one, Lucifer was the principle of Evil incarnate, 
God's absolute opponent; two, Lucifer was Lord of the World because this 
world, being so fleshly, was evil; three, Lucifer was Lord of this 
world, but sort of like a demiurge, and he was good; four... Well, 
enough of that. Early Christians were a pretty confused bunch - didn't 
know exactly what they believed. Lucifer eventually ended up being what 
you said, the shadow to Heaven's light.  I've heard it said that Lucifer 
may have had his origins in Zoroastrianism, where there are two opposing 
deities: one Good and one Evil. God needs an opponent and humanity needs 
someone to blame for bad stuff, because if God is all-powerful, all- 
knowing, and all-good, then how could He (I'm talking Christian here) 
let sickness, poverty, and other bad things exist? We, as humans, do 
seem to have a bit of a tendency to separate and dichotomize things. And 
this way, even Evil is subservient to Good. I've also heard of a 
religious group that believes even Lucifer will be redeemed at the End 
of All Things. As for me, well, this gets into the problem of Evil. 
What do y'all think of Life, the Universe, and Everything? Does Evil 
exist? 

Amber: Hey, neato info about the Dead Sea Scrolls! I have Elaine Pagels' 
book, but I hadn't heard the interpretation you mentioned. Neato, like I 
said. Morgana: It would be unusual and interesting to see an all-female 
Sherwood band. Go for it!  What about Herne? Hernette? Hernia? 

Kip: Welcome once again. I enjoyed your letter. It was intriguing. I 
hope you're not going to go crazy as we continue to do our own thing. If 
we occasionally lose sight of the forest for the trees, well, you gave 
us such fascinating trees to examine! So it's all your fault! :-) (That 
was intended as a joke; no offense.) 

Oooh - King Arthur's Round Table as a magic circle! All sorts of lights 
went off in my brain when I read that. Thank you, thank you, thank you! 
One of the things many of us have missed about this topic is that a 
circle is a symbol of immortality... 

You're perfectly right about American commercial TV messing with the 
order of the series.  When I first saw RoS, I came in on what must've 
been the middle of Season 3, but only a few weeks later, I was watching 
Loxley. I saw Greatest Enemy before I ever saw Sorcerer. I remember 
saying to myself, "So that's where 'nothing's ever forgotten' comes 
from." And I saw some horrid melding of Enemy with one of the mid-season 
Huntingdon episodes. You wouldn't believe what commercial TV did to RoS! 
They edited out entire speeches and even a couple of fight scenes! I was 
so glad when Showtime aired the series, even if it wasn't in the proper 
order. American TV does this sort of thing even to its own products, 
though.  Presumably you'd have to get it put in the contract or 
something. 

When I mentioned people not being burned as witches in England, I was 
basing it on a hazy memory of a book I'd read ages ago. Now that you've 
pointed it out, the book may have said nobody was burned at the stake in 
America. I don't mind admitting I was wrong. The author was probably 
being smug or self-righteous. No, we didn't burn people; we hanged them 
or crushed them or drowned them. If the water test was used, the accused 
just couldn't win. If s/he floated, guilty and dead. If s/he sank, 
innocent but dead. Talk about a Catch 22! It reminds me of the command 
of one of the militant orders of knights: Kill them all and let God 
decide. Geez. 

If you can, grab a copy of Apocryphal Albion 3 and read Rache's 
marvelous story, Most Awful Post Awful, for a really excellent pun on 
"fen," which is both a wet, marshy place and the plural of "fan." 

Janet R.: News note. The original Celtic version of Cromm was done in by 
none other than St. Patrick. Maybe while he was banishing the serpents? 
So perhaps Cromm was scared of Christian stuff like holy water. You're 
asking me? I dunno. Like I said, the episode makes very little sense, 
although Hilda's idea is interesting. I like your idea about Marion's 
vision!  Oh, and I read Mists of Avalon years ago, when it first came 
out in hardcover. I remember not liking it much, but I don't recall the 
notion of the serpents equaling druids. Should read it again. 

Kitty: Hi! Green for prostitutes?! Wow!! I've seen the theory about 
Greensleeves. In fact, remind me and I'll bring my photocopy to Weekend. 
It's rather explicit on this point. 

Ariel: Have you figured out yet why Owen might drug a woman he'd just 
raped to make her willing to go through the marriage ceremony? If not, 
think about it. Besides, rape was a "legal" form of marriage way back 
when. Isn't that sickening? 

Convent life... yes, it could be quite "worldly." That's why St. 
Benedict started his massive reform campaign in the 1200's (I think). 
There were some convents which strove to follow the Rule, but I'm sure 
there were a bunch that were similar to brothels. After all, Benedict 
and the other reformers were reacting against something. 

Mike: Hi, there. Buckland's Complete is an okay resource, but don't 
bother to write to the group whose leaders are called Robin and Marian, 
with their seconds-in-command being the Green Man and Maiden. I already 
tried it a couple of years ago. Either they don't exist or they never 
answer their mail or they've moved. *Sigh* Hey, Jan, did you ever manage 
to contact that Robin Hood group? 

Hilda: We seem to be in agreement. Let's simplify our gathering ideas, 
but not too much. I like your tentative outline. I guess we started out 
by overwriting, but that's okay. It's easier to subtract than it is to 
add. I do agree that we need to call the quarters. Your reasoning for 
this is sound. Sorry, Janet V. But I love your (Janet's) idea of what to 
say when raising the blessing bowl! That's perfect! And as for 
grounding, once again, I'm with Hilda. I need a very firm and deliberate 
grounding exercise (Hilda does good ones!) or I'll be bouncing off the 
ceiling.  Just ask Hilda. We don't want to do that to anyone. I think 
the best idea is to finish the planning and finalize it at Weekend - in 
just a couple of weeks. Hooray! 

Back to Christianity: yes, the Devil and the Anti-Christ are two 
different characters.  According to Christian mythology, the Devil (= 
Lucifer) is responsible for all the bad stuff in the world and all the 
bad stuff people do. The Anti-Christ is supposed to show up just before 
the end of the world, trick people into believing he, she, or it is the 
Second Coming of Christ, and mess with their minds so they won't 
recognize the Messiah when he (or she) comes. Sort of Christ's opposite. 
Make sense? 

I love your garter theory, Hilda! Also, remind me to get you a copy of 
The Pastafazool Cycle.  It's a parody of legends subjected to EXTREMELY 
BAD rewrites. 

According to Webster's, a yeoman is 1) an attendant or officer in a 
royal or noble household, 2) a small farmer who cultivates his own land; 
specif: one belonging to a class of English freeholders below the 
gentry. I think that second one is what you're looking for. 

Don't know anything about Julian the Apostate (yet), but "Julie" is from 
Julia, the feminine form of Julius, which means "light-haired," I think. 
Anne is from the Hebrew "Hannah," meaning "grace." There was a "Julia" 
or "Julian" or "Juliana" mentioned at the opening of one of the Gospel 
epistles, and there's always the medieval Julian of Norwich, who had 
some beautiful mystical experiences. Let's not forget Queen Juliana of 
the Netherlands. 

I'd love to discuss Robert's visions (guided meditations?) and Jesus as 
a champion of Love (beautiful idea!) and your concept of Cromm Cruach 
and a bunch of other things, but I'm going to stop now. And thank you 
for your nice words about Harmony of Opposites. All right, all right! 
I'm stopping already! Blessed be and Amen too! 

Janet Reedman Dear Cousins, Hello again! Issue #6 was an exciting and 
interesting blend of ideas... it just gets more and more intriguing. 
That's also why this letter is so long. Forgive me, Hilda! [After those 
pictures of MP you sent, you have nothing to worry about! -H] Anyway... 
here are my comments: 

Sharon: Yes, I've seen the Ivanhoe comic book. Fran showed it to me in 
Dublin! 

Mithras: Most assuredly Mithras was a sacred king, but there were so 
many others, including Jesus Christ. It seems that in primitive 
societies kingship often consisted of a marriage to the land, and the 
subsequent death of the ruler was perceived as being necessary to heal 
an ailing land (or necessary if the king grew old - for his waning 
powers would likewise affect the land).  If we accept Robin Hood as the 
'Green Man' (spirit of vegetation who dies in winter then is reborn), or 
the 'oak king' (as son of the forest god) who dies in mortal combat and 
has his place taken by a successor, then Robin Hood could fit in with 
this idea. Also, some sources derive the name Robin Hood as meaning 
'Shining One of Woden (or Odin).' Odin, the Norse Allfather, himself had 
some characteristics of a sacrificial king, having hung nine nights on a 
sacred oak with wounds in his side to pass through death and gain 
wisdom. 

An interesting note, but not related in the least: while glancing 
through my book of Norse myths, in a sudden flash of insight I realized 
that the name of Hod(ur), the blind god who was treacherously induced to 
kill the young sun-god Baldur with a mistletoe shaft, means 'Hooded 
One,' probably referring to his blindness... 

I love Tolkien too, Sharon! It's not fiction - I also believe every 
word! (Or if it wasn't this way, it should have been.) The goodly 
Professor, of course, based his elves partly on the Tuatha de Danann 
(both were tall, beautiful, were immortal but could be slain, and both 
came from enchanted Western Isles) and partly on beings from his own 
imagination (his elves were wiser and more refined - originally he 
wished to call them 'gnomes' {wise ones} but knew that gnomes had even 
more stereotypical connotations in the public mind than elves!) 

As for Robin's birth, I seem to remember that one of the old, original 
Robin Hood poems mentioned that he was born in the actual greenwood, on 
the forest floor, as if his parents were forest-dwellers of some sort. 

Chris: I wanted to pick up The Seventh Sword in London, and totally 
forgot. It sounds fascinating! I went to a psychic once (she was very, 
very good), and she told me I was also psychic - and that I was trying 
to read her the whole time I was with her. I didn't (and don't) know 
whether to believe her totally, but I certainly fit 5 out of 6 criteria 
Mr. Collins gave for psychics (everything except the cast in the left 
eye). It's an interesting story... 

Still looking for Arthurian stuff? I presume you've read Parke Godwin's 
Firelord? Brilliant.  They should make it into a movie. I can think of 
some terrific casting... Godwin also edited an anthology of Arthurian 
stories - well, some seemed more like general fantasy than strictly 
Arthurian, , but there was one in which the lead character was 
definitely a Loxley-clone. Don't bother with Godwin's Sherwood, though - 
it's nowhere near as good. Have you read Stephen Lawhead's Taliesin, 
Merlin, and Arthur trilogy? Really neat writing. Prose that has the 
qualities of poetry. The Christian emphasis gets a little heavy in the 
latter book, but they are worth a read. 

Tara: Hi, hope you're settling in well back home again! You had some 
really neat stuff in your letter - I approve! Other Irish places named 
after women (or goddesses, more like) are the Shannon (Sinend), the 
Boyne (Boann - White Cow), and the Paps of Anu. Anu may or may not be 
the same as Danu, but she almost certainly is the goddess known as Black 
Annis or Cat Anna in England. She is the goddess in crone aspect - a 
Kali-like figure with blue face and single burning eye. Traditionally 
she eats children. She seems to be a pre-Celtic figure, and, 
interestingly, there has been some evidence of child-sacrifice in 
ancient Britain - babies' earbones in cists buried at megalithic sites, 
parts of children's skulls at the stone circle of Loanhead of Daviot in 
Scotland, a three year old girl with split skull found at Woodhenge. 
Anu, of course, is probably identical to the Cailiech Berre/Calliach 
Bheur (who in later folklore became a rather more benign witch called 
Cally Berry.) There's also a nameless (as far as I know) witch in Irish 
lore who can only be slain by a Silver Arrow!! 

Did you know that the name of Guinevere in Arthurian lore has an Irish 
equivalent? It's Findabhair (pronounced Finnavir roughly), daughter of 
Maeve. The name means something like 'white phantom.' 

The word king comes from Anglo-Saxon - Cyning. The similarity of the 'R' 
names for Ruler comes from that common Indo-European heritage. 

I found Tennyson's play, The Foresters, while I was in Dublin. I was 
being silly and wanted to turn the thing into a musical. My favorite 
line is when the outlaws sing at table 'Down with John! Down with John!' 
(referring to King John, not Little John!) I did a one woman performance 
one blazing hot afternoon for a rapt (probably horrorstruck) audience! 

I totally agree with all your comments on the nonsensical portrayal of 
witches still in the media. We get this in the local papers all the 
time, since Victoria is supposedly one of the 'witchcraft capitals of 
the world.' However, no one can still separate the difference between 
witches and Satanists, although they're gradually getting more 
enlightened - Victoria University has a chapel dedicated to the Lady, 
and one of the local professors is a well respected, world published 
poet/writer who just happens to be a very open and unashamed witch. (He 
also happens to live just a block or so away from me with his wife, who 
is a Quaker!) Periodically we go through masses of confused/confusing 
stuff in the local media about child ritual abuse, and several years ago 
there was a real paranoia about Satanists stealing a baby for sacrifice. 
The whole thing was a hoax. 

Debbi: There are tons of places in England, particularly in the 
Derbyshire/Yorkshire areas, that contain references to Robin Hood! 
Besides the places you mentioned there are also two odd monoliths (non- 
prehistoric) called Robin Hood's Picking Rods, and a strange rock 
formation called Robin Hood's Stride (very eerie in the dusk!) Also, the 
cliff above Robin Hood's Bay just so happens to be called... Ravenscar. 
(Now I don't think that's coincidence!) 

Don't go expecting to see Robin's grave if you go to Kirklees Hall. Lady 
Armitage forbids anyone on her land, and her groundskeepers see to it 
that no one visits the grave. This has given rise to some strange 
rumours, including one that Robin is really a vampire! (What do I mean, 
'rumour?' It's true. We've seen him. Max Schreck, wasn't he calling 
himself???) 

Kip: Great letter! Helped and confused us all the more! Loved it! 

I'm still trying to find The God of the Witches. Yes, Margaret Murray 
sounded pretty potty - but don't you find some of the pottiest authors 
give one the best inspiration for writing?  Alfred Watkins' theory about 
the Straight Track is pretty daft, as the connecting points of his 'ley 
lines' are from vastly different eras, but the theory is fascinating. 
T.C. Lethbridge with his imaginings of vast hillsides of grown-over hill 
figures is another one. 

Your explanation of why Robert became an outlaw pretty well tallies with 
what I saw in the series. I was questioning the 'why' because so many 
fans seemed to be tackling/ theorizing on this subject. I keep hearing 
that convents weren't much better than brothels. I wonder if this is 
true, or if some of it was just the spurious imaginings of outsiders, 
who couldn't envision women devoting their entire lives to chastity. I 
seem to remember a couple of fairly gruesome old stories about pregnant 
nuns being walled up and what-not, which doesn't sound exactly like 
something that would happen if various forms of license were completely 
acceptable. 

Crossed mythologies: yes, we Brits are a mixed bag. The problem I have 
with the mixed mythology isn't so much that it is wrong, rather that it 
sounds wrong. Usually, anyway, when a god/goddess/whatever is adopted 
from one people to another, the figure takes whatever name is the 
linguistic equivalent of that people. I'd have felt fine with Owen 
screaming, "By the hammer of Taran(is)!" because this was the Welsh 
Thor. I mean, he was a Welsh speaker, was he not? 

I haven't read Murry Hope's book on Atlantis. Must dig it up sometime. I 
don't pooh-pooh Atlantis at all. There seems to be a strong belief 
amongst many creative people that they have hailed from Atlantis. One of 
my writer-friends is also convinced that she hails from Atlantis; J.R.R. 
Tolkien and his youngest son apparently had repeating dreams all their 
lives that seemed reminiscent of the sinking of Atlantis. 

Cromm Cruach: I've spent a lot of time tearing this episode to shreds... 
but I just dug up what may be a shred of truth. Up in the area of the 
Peak, there is a place called Penkridge.  Apparently this name is from 
the old 'Pennocrucion,' which in turn comes from the Gaelic 'Cenn 
Cruach' (High One of the Mound) which is another form of Cromm Cruach. 

They mixed up the episodes of RoS when they aired in Canada, too. On the 
first airing, we had no Greatest Enemy. And then they jumped right into 
the middle of the third season! It took two or three airings to get it 
right... 

Julianne: You're 100% on the mark about kids' books! Some of the most 
inspiring/mythically interesting books I've read are Alan Garner's Moon 
of Gomrath, Elidor, and The Weirdstone of Brisingamen, and Susan 
Cooper's The Dark is Rising trilogy. They are full of British myth/ 
legend, and have stayed in my mind while many 'adult' fantasy novels 
have faded away. 
Does anyone know of a book called Under the Wild Moon? 

Kitty: Yes, there is a legend about the nine maidens being turned to 
stone for dancing on the Sabbath. It's a common enough story around 
megalithic sites. (More on stones anon.) 

A Welsh name for the Maiden: That is tough! Cerridwen actually had a 
beautiful daughter, Creirwy, but she doesn't seem to play a part in 
anything. 

Sure, Gulnar knew that Owen was going to die - I thought that was fairly 
obvious. That's why I really have trouble with our sorcerous friend 
yelling in Cromm Cruach that he wanted revenge for his humiliation and 
the death of his master. 

Julie: Hi! I have a few of those Celtic name books; you can often find 
them in 'touristy' type shops. I have Cornish, Welsh, and Irish 
namebooks - a great source for writing. A good book for finding accurate 
medieval names is The Oxford Dictionary of First Names. This book not 
only gives you the names, but actually quotes the year in which they 
first appeared in records, and the forms they took. So you know you 
really can't call your characters Debbi and Sandra (I used those 
examples because I just read the most abominable medieval-type novel in 
which two characters had these anachronistic names!) 

Hilda: My mum says black cats are lucky in England... though I certainly 
know people over there who think of them as unlucky, too. I have a black 
cat and so does my cousin Jane in Derbyshire... 

I heard that prehistoric people also dyed their hair with an ash-urine 
mixture... 

Namesake Saints: There was a St. Hild(a) who founded Whitby Abbey in 
Yorkshire. This must have been a remote spot in those days, on the edge 
of the lonely expanse of the moor where the Bronze Age dead lay in their 
mounds, with necklaces of Whitby jet and shale around their throats... 

Megalithic sites: so many have legends of dancers, one can only assume 
that there may be some folk memory of the dancing that probably occurred 
there. Stones also tend to have names relating to Women, Witches, or 
Festivities. There are The Nine Ladies, The Three Spinsters (spinning 
women), Long Meg and Her Daughters (Meg was a witch), Mitchell's or 
Medgel's Fold (Medgel was a witch with a magical cow), the Merry 
Maidens. For festivities there are the Weddings (Stanton Drew), the 
Hurlers, the Kissing Stone, The Pipers, and The Blind Fiddler. In 
Ireland there is even a stone circle named Beltany. For the best reading 
on stone circles try Aubrey Burl. He's an archaeologist, but his writing 
style is never dull or overly technical. He breathes life into the 
monuments he studies. 

And now I shall close off, for it has gone midnight, and unless I get 
some sleep I will be needing someone to breathe life into me tomorrow 
morning! [And I know exactly who... -H] 

Ariel 

Dear Cousins, 

Hi everybody! Can't believe it's almost time for Weekend in Sherwood. 
Yowza! Without further ado, I'll plunge straight into the letters from 
issue #6. I'd like to keep this letter less than a zillion pages long. 

Sharon Wells: Hi! Your letter was really interesting and I hate to start 
right off by disagreeing with you, but here goes. I don't see how 
anybody, fey or not, could survive being shot at point-blank range by at 
least two or three dozen crossbow bolts. To say nothing of the fact that 
the soldiers would have then ripped Robin's body to pieces, as I believe 
was customary at the time (somebody correct me if I'm wrong). Also, I 
can't see the Sheriff leaving the tor until he had satisfied himself 
that there was no chance Robin was still alive. 

I think what is important about Robin's death is that although his body 
was destroyed, his spirit was not.  The sheriff killed Robin, but he 
never had the satisfaction of seeing Robin plead for mercy. Also, Robin 
died to get Marion and Much to safety, and sacrificing your own life so 
that the ones you love will survive is about as noble and heroic as you 
can get.  By insisting that Robin is still alive somehow (in my mind, 
anyway) detracts from the courage and selflessness of his final act. 

Onto your thoughts about Robert: "What is he doing in Sherwood?" That 
topic has been debated in the last five issues of Cousins.  "Does he 
even have any ideas about things fey?" I'm curious to know if you think 
this is necessary for being Herne's Son. I certainly agree with you that 
Robert would not, as you say, "throw up his hands and die when Marion 
left," but I've talked such a blue streak on this topic in the past six 
issues that I won't get on my soap box again. 

I think you've hit on a really great idea regarding de Rainault and his 
reaction to magic, sorcery, etc. I can't see him dabbling in magic - 
from his dialogue, he seems to regard anything beyond the realm of his 
five senses as so much hocus-pocus. I'd be more inclined to think 
there's a deep-rooted fear of the unknown in the sheriff's mind, which 
periodically explodes to the surface ("Children of Israel," and less 
spectacularly in "The Sorcerer." And look at his reaction to being alone 
in the forest at night in "Sheriff of Nottingham." I don't think it's 
just fear of being caught by the outlaws that makes him panic). Maybe 
what we have here is a classic case of Freudian repression. Any takers 
on this one? 

Linda Furey: Although I would like to do a more complex ritual at 
Weekend in Sherwood, I think perhaps your "simple is better" idea would 
probably work. I would hate to think that people are frightened away or 
feel excluded. 

Laura W. Todd: Back to the old "is Loxley perfect" question, here's an 
idea. In the first two seasons, Robin is really a vulnerable hero. He 
makes a few mistakes, and there's always this undercurrent of doom that 
makes you wonder if the outlaws are going to survive to the end of the 
episode. When I first watched RoS, I used to really wonder if the 
characters weren't all going to get killed off. I was amazed when 
everything worked out at the end of "Swords of Wayland." By contrast, 
Robert is a much more "swashbuckling" hero. Maybe because he's a 
nobleman, or maybe because the third season stories aren't as dark as 
the first two, I never "worried" about Robert the same way I worried 
about Robin. The only story that I didn't think Robert was going to 
survive was "Cromm Cruac." So to even things out a little, maybe writers 
have tried to present Robin as infallible, and Robert as having more 
problems. Any thoughts on this? 

In "Lord of the Trees," I believe Herne is shot in the leg with a 
crossbow bolt, but we don't see the healing process on screen. 
Interesting question, though. 

I agree with you that "Cousins" is currently the most reliable RoS 
letterzine being produced, so a lot of general chatter about the show 
tends to work its way in here. 

Janet VanMeter: Your ideas for a simple Sherwood ritual are very solid 
and fit nicely into what Linda discussed earlier in the issue. 

Tara O'Shea: Thanks for the notes on Sovereignty. I've seen this idea 
used in a number of fanfic stories, and also in Bradley's Mists (which 
I've skimmed through but sadly haven't gotten around to reading yet - 
maybe sometime by the year 2000). It was nice to see it explained in 
detail. 

Ha! Another Branagh fan! What a marvelous actor. Blond men with English 
accents make me just drool! (As an interesting aside, I think it's neat 
how Henry kisses the ground before going into battle. In the light of 
your Sovereignty discussion, this seems like remarkable insight on 
Branagh's part-after all, he also directed Henry V. I wonder if it were 
his idea). I've skimmed through Fortune Made His Sword, and I would love 
to read it more thoroughly. Alas, I haven't the time . . . 

A couple of fanfic pieces have alluded to Marion's possibly being raped 
by Owen, but nobody has done a full-blown story. I would not object to 
such a story if it were done with tact and sensitivity (such as 
Julianne's "Mixed Blessing" in Forbidden Forest). Perhaps the reason 
nobody has done so yet is because, as you pointed out, it's a 
potentially explosive topic. My biggest fear is that without solid 
writing skills, and an understanding of the psychology of rape victims, 
such a story would turn into the worst kind of torrid bodice-ripper.  My 
second reservation about this scenario is that it might be used to 
demonstrate a lack of sensitivity on Robert's part (i.e., he didn't 
"understand" Marion, couldn't "sense" what she'd been through, and only 
wanted to get into her skirt). 

I think Hilda has a really good point in her comments at the end of 
issue #6 about the changes in Marion's personality. These could easily 
have been the result of sexual assault. It would explain her violent 
sobbing in "Herne's Son," her ambivalence about getting into a 
physically intimate relationship with Robert, her emotional reaction at 
the end of "Cromm Cruac," and her near-hysteria when the Sons of Fenris 
turn up in "Time of the Wolf," resulting in her ultimately taking refuge 
in Halstead. However, going back to Kitty Gamarra's comments in Cousins 
#3: " ...when Owen kidnapped her she had to assume that there was no one 
to rescue her - her husband was dead, his men scattered and her father 
without men-at-arms . . . (the Earl of Huntingdon) wouldn't even stand 
up for her in his own castle." I think it can be equally argued that 
Marion's behavior in the third season was the result of emotional 
devastation due to losing Robin, and when Owen kidnapped her, what small 
reserves of strength she had left were spent. Her sobbing might easily 
have been the result of her realizing the apparent hopelessness of her 
situation. I think the important thing here is that although a valid 
idea, the Owen-raping-Marion scenario should not become cast in stone, 
but be left open for debate. 

Is "hood" meaning a criminal really a derivative of "Robin Hood?" 
Fascinating! 

Amber Foxfire: I agree with you utterly that Marion's staying in 
Halstead has all the makings of a season-ending cliff hanger, but alas, 
there was no fourth season. I'm not entirely sure when Kip became aware 
of the fourth season's being axed, but from everything I understand, 
"Time of the Wolf" would not have ended as it did if he had known. 

Your notes on the split of Christianity from Judaism are interesting, 
and the comparison to the seemingly contradictory Robin Hood legends are 
apt. However, it's important to remember that the earliest "Robin Hood" 
was essentially a colorful thief. "Robert, Earl of Huntingdon" probably 
never existed and was made up by Elizabethan poets and playwrights. I 
believe that the moniker "Robin of Loxley," (or "Sir Robin of Locksley") 
was introduced in Ivanhoe.  (Somebody please correct me if I'm wrong). 
Marion and Much were added at the time of the Elizabethans, and of 
course, the Arab/Saracen character was Kip's idea. 

Debbi Henderson: Thanks for all the wonderful slang Robin Hood 
expressions! 

Morgana: Your ideas on the all-female outlaw band are neato! Maybe we 
could call this version "A Forest of Their Own," or something. 

Nansi Loser: Your thoughts on the Blessing being a more localized 
Beltaine celebration are right on! I wouldn't say that Hugo is 
"knowledgeable and tolerant" of the Old Ways - he's more likely turning 
a blind eye. The only thing that's important to him is that he gets his 
money, and a pagan's coins jingle in his purse as well as anybody 
else's. However, I do give Hugo credit for keeping his nose out of 
things he doesn't understand. 

Carpenter's missive is so long that I could write an entire LoC on his 
comments alone. Suffice to say, I found myself agreeing with just about 
everything he said, particularly his noting that when you're trying to 
write, film and produce a television series under a deadline, sometimes 
the little details just get lost. I very much enjoyed his discussion of 
why Herne chose Robert.  (I did wonder what Kip was smoking when he 
claimed to be from Atlantis.) I disagreed that Robert had no choice but 
to become an outlaw after rescuing Marion - he hadn't really burned all 
his bridges until the end of "Power of Albion." I loved his comments 
about Marion's upbringing.  "Wiccans incorporated!" Great! As for 
Americans being "mongrels" - well, mongrel-hood is healthy! Healthier 
than being inbred, at any rate. "Is 'fen' the plural of 'fan?'" Mr. 
Carpenter doesn't seem to have read Rache's "The Most Awful Post Awful." 

Janet R.: Your thoughts on "Cromm Cruac" had me in stitches, although I 
admit to liking this episode a lot, despite its inconsistencies. Maybe 
this is one episode where some writer needs to do a little "filling in" 
of details. I like your idea about Robin Hood having the blood of all 
the different types of English people. I think the problems you cite 
with "Inheritance" might be the result of Carpenter's not having written 
the episode. From his letter, it seems as though he has his own thoughts 
on the Arthurian legends, and it's interesting to think what this story 
might have been like had Kip written it. 

On to Mary Sue yet again: some of the tell-tale signs of a Mary Sue 
character are complete physical perfection, intelligence and spunk, 
quite often an improbable name for 12th or 13th century England, 
athletic strength, magical powers, and usually romantic entanglement 
with one of the male characters. While I think readers should keep an 
open mind about original female characters, if the character is so 
perfect she makes the presence of the outlaws almost negligible, well, 
you've got yourself a Mary Sue. 

Julianne: Hi! I thought it was Herne who says "Did you really think you 
could overcome me?" at the end of The Enchantment. Because as it's said, 
there's Belleme sitting in a window looking kind of defeated and ticked 
off. I personally think Robin gave the arrow back to Herne at some 
point. I think I mentioned in a previous issue that the sheriff would 
have gloated over getting the arrow back after killing Robin. More story 
fodder, no? 

I haven't seen "Wicker Man," but would love to. The video rental place 
down the street carries it, but my VCR has recently lost its ability to 
play volume. Drat, I have to get that thing replaced. 

Back to "Cromm Cruac:" I don't think the villagers "knew" they were 
actually dead, or remembered dying before. If they did, Gulnar would 
have no power over them. Kind of like being in a nightmare and 
realizing, "hey, this is only a dream," and waking yourself up. When you 
can do that, the dream loses its grip on you. When Gulnar tells the 
miller, "How can I kill you, when you're already dead?" it seems to be 
news to the miller. Of course, this is only my own interpretation. What 
kind of magic is Gulnar using? His usual potpourri. If it works, he'll 
use it! 

Kitty Gamarra: I loved your letter. We seem to be of one mind on not 
bending characters in fanfic way past recognition of their TV 
counterparts, and Marion's decision to stay in Halstead or return to 
Sherwood. I think the myth of standing stones having once been dancing 
women was an early Christian reaction against women dancing as part of 
Old Religion rituals. I could be wrong, though. Can anybody help me 
here? 

Hilda: I don't think Robin "chose" anything in "Greatest Enemy." I'm 
sure that if he'd had any say in the matter, he'd have lived if he could 
have done so without his friends suffering for it.  See my comments to 
Sharon for further elaboration. 

John and Meg as the King and Queen of Fishing Poles?! How about the Two 
of Wands? Or would that be Nasir ? Or is he the Two of Swords? (*yuk, 
yuk*) 

I think a Norman woman as the next "Marion" would be a great idea, one 
that would shake things up simply by requiring more open-mindedness on 
the parts of the outlaws. Perhaps she could be a relative of Margaret of 
Gisburne? Another story idea, folks! ("Marie Suzanne!"  Honestly, Hilda, 
you're just too much sometimes!) 

"What other legend has been subjected to the occasional EXTREMELY BAD 
rewrite?" Gee, did somebody mention Prince of Thieves? 

As for the magic of Herne's Con packing its bags and flying out to 
Michigan, Hilda, you're an optimist if ever there was one. I'm just 
afraid Northwestern is going to lose the luggage. It's kind of hard to 
transport a gorge and waterfall, but I'll try, honestly, I will! 

Not to be a nitpick, but Creb in Clan of the Cave Bear was not always on 
the move. His tribe was settled down in one cave and they only left to 
go to a big Clan gathering that was held every seven years. I see your 
point about lengthy training periods versus working magic in your 
everyday life, however, I still don't think Robin would have had the 
time to absorb the kind of knowledge and skills that being a shaman like 
Herne would have required. But this is my own opinion and others are 
certainly entitled to theirs. 

The rest of your comments are funny, informative and well-put, as 
always. 

 Yikes! I've done it again!! Short letter indeed. Ha!  I should know 
better. 

Well, time to get this thing printed and in the mail. Blessed be, one 
and all! 

Hilda 

Chris - Please, please, let us know if there's anything we can do to 
ward off (funny expression, that) the ugly specter of burnout! You and 
Denise are indescribably wonderful, and we'd hate to lose your guidance 
and enthusiasm and imagination and skill and determination and... all of 
those things that our magic-deprived language can't really express. 
Whatever names people might have for those who congregate in places of 
ancient majesty under the full moon, and who melt away at the first 
morning bell, might begin to come close. But I pride myself on my 
avoidance of calling names... 

So the Salmon of Wisdom receives mail at Hornchurch? I refuse to be 
blamed for one more pun, traditional or not! 

This is straight from Kip Carpenter: the garter was no doing of his. Fan 
writers made it up.  Kip thinks it's brilliant, and (on blatant 
prompting) says he wishes he'd thought of it. 

You're probably right. I don't really expect to run into religious 
intolerance within RoS fandom. I guess I'm just overly nervous about 
exposing people who are just beginning to consider my favorite Path to 
intolerance. We're reclaiming a lot all at once, and the fearful can be 
fearsome! Also, like our original ritual outline, Pagans can do a 
frightfully good job of scaring off our own, unintentionally falling 
into the same old traps of "qualification" and "worthiness." I often 
wonder whether I'm blaming the results of my own jargon addiction on 
some amorphous ghost of intolerance. Well, here's an open invitation to 
everyone else to follow Chris' example and say, "I mean, what does that 
mean?" We do our best, but old habits die hard! 

You're right, there are plenty of RoS activities at national 
conventions. Maybe I'm just stuck in Peasant mindset. I consider myself 
a Yuppie to be able to make it to both Weekend and Visions! Mini-cons 
and parties seem to be the way to go for this bunch, at least in the 
densely populated Northeast. Hotel room, heck... we're going for some 
kind of record for number of people crammed into somebody's parents' 
house, a vacation cabin, or a forest clearing; ghosts, mice, and hornets 
notwithstanding! Support wildlife, Cousins - throw a party! 

You're quite welcome for the good "work," although the term still seems 
a bit of a malapropism. But then, most of my friends who do magic also 
refer to it as "work!" Tripping over my own tongue again, I guess. Some 
four-letter words are still problematic for me. 

Todd - I agree that Michael's more "natural" delivery of his lines was 
due to the immense freedom that a character like Loxley gives an actor. 
A peasant rebel can lose his head, act foolish, or break down in front 
of his people, and not have to cover for it immediately after (or 
during). Such "naked" behavior might well have seemed irresponsible or 
even unkind to Huntingdon. It was this very contrast between their 
leadership styles (born to lead, taught to lead) that made the outlaws' 
acceptance of Robert so touching; and in the meantime gave them 
something on which to blame their own shocked inertia. To a noble of 
those times, Loxley's "natural" behavior might well have looked like 
madness or mental deficiency! 

Maybe Marion's faithful-to-the-grave image in fanfic is an outgrowth of 
a medieval myth that still appeals to many people today. Granted, she 
saw her husband die, but Marion was too strong to be permanently 
emotionally crippled by it. Again, this is legend, and the rules are 
different here - for women, anyway. Sigh. Good question, Cousin. I do 
think she'd be pretty much a wreck while she was at Leaford, though, and 
being heavily protected by her father to boot. 

We've both been spoiled by Phil Rose's interpretation of Tuck. I, too, 
tire of drunken, foul- mouthed friars endlessly gnawing chicken legs and 
insulting people (although the old ballads do seem to favor this sort of 
monastic Pantaloon). Rose's philosophical approach to the role 
transformed Tuck from a stock buffoon to an educated voice of reason 
amid a band of occasionally short-sighted hotheads. 

Is Kinesiology what says that if you put an unmarked tape of The 
Greatest Enemy in my hand and hang a 2-pound weight from my wrist, my 
arm won't drop as far as if it were Cromm Cruach? 

I'm sorry your disk crashed. Thank you very much for the nice, neat, 
large-type, double- column letter - it made typing a breeze! 

Linda Frankel: Thank you for the great Fun Word! Why am I reminded of 
Clive and Kip trying to giggle themselves to death at a panel at Visions 
'91...all we could get out of them was something like "...the (snicker) 
Hooded (ha ha, oh God) Hooded Gland!" 

What a lovely visualization! I don't think anyone who's ever tried to 
see the Goddess and/or God in her/himself will "object" to using Robin 
and Robert as god-forms. This seems to me to be a big part of the 
function of the Hero - to bridge the gap between the mortal individual 
and divinity that you find in a transcendentalist culture such as ours. 
After all, those of us who have watched the British tapes have seen Will 
draw down the moon... Like you, I feel perfectly all right about calling 
on Robin, Robert, or anyone else when it seems like the smartest thing 
to do. I really don't think I'm in danger of centering my power outside 
myself, and sometimes their kind of friendship is exactly what I need. I 
was scared to death of "Marion Sue" for ages and wouldn't even talk to 
her out of sheer awkwardness and embarrassment, until she brought me to 
a place where Robert was badly wounded, feverish, and freezing. She 
knew: Blood, bandages, stuff like that I can handle. She let me help her 
take care of him, trusted me and was obvious about it, and plunk! there 
I was back in my own self, acknowledging my place in that world as well 
as this. Smart Lady. 

I saw Hugo's motivation as being almost exclusively greed, with some 
concern for preserving his "dignity." I don't think he'd go to the 
trouble of destroying Marion if there was no money in it, and his 
brother would probably make sure that any money to be had from such a 
venture would go to himself! Of the two, the Sheriff seemed both 
cleverer and more prone to vengeance. Hugo struck me as complacent and 
unwilling to rock the boat. I "believe in the importance of Marion's 
office," but I see it as a much less formal framework for her actions. 
(I've already ranted enough about this: Issue 4, Page 12, Column 2). 

Now that you mention it, a shortbow would work much better from 
horseback... I heard something similar to your banned-longbow tidbit: 
that it was illegal even to have a yew tree on your property. Has anyone 
else ever heard of that? 

Technically, I think Earl David was a Saxon rather than a Norman. I 
never got an impression of Robert as any more than a nominal Christian, 
attuned as he was to the plight of the common people and disgusted with 
hypocrisy. I guess he just struck me as too down-to-earth to want to be 
a saint or martyr. Also, didn't Hermetic magic come to England later on? 
Were the Moors into that at all? 

True, I see a lot of out-of-character stories in zines that don't book 
themselves as "Alternative Universe" (don't get me started on Guy Turns 
Good!) but the only character trait I expect from a gay or lesbian 
character is attraction to members of the same sex - which I don't 
expect from any RoS character besides Tom, Dickon, and maybe the 
Sheriff, any more than I would expect Marion to fall madly in love with 
Owen of Clun of her own accord, or Tuck to run off with that woman from 
the Beltane feast. Beyond this, though, the main reason that I wouldn't 
pay money for a RoS slash zine is because people whom I consider friends 
have specifically requested that their characters not be portrayed as 
gay. Whether or not they're laboring under antiquated ideas, in my 
experience "enlightening" people by jabbing them in their sore spots 
doesn't work! 

Seriously, you have an active eye for psychological intricacies and a 
singularly open outlook.  Your plot ideas and what you've told about 
your characters are very fresh and innovative, and I'd love to read 
anything that you've written within a universe of your own invention. 
It's almost as if you have a nearly-hatched vision straining at the 
confines of Carpenter's already- written world. I don't know about 
mistaking a Saracen for a Saxon, but I'd get a kick out of seeing dark, 
quiet Nasir, whose speech is so musical when it does come, find a home 
among the stealthy hillfolk of Wales during the lost period between 
seasons 2 and 3. 

It seems to me that Maid Marion the outlaw was already so anachronistic 
that a basically feminist temperament, aside from being a necessity for 
survival, would be nothing next to leaving the manor to run off with a 
scruffy criminal who could get killed at any minute and live with a 
bunch of similar sorts who somehow manage to honor their leaders' 
monogamy in the vermin- and wild-animal-infested woods. What the heck. 

Robin Hood as a fertility/abundance archetype, in contrast to the 
virility/wildness image to which I'm more accustomed, would make him 
more a Provider cognate to the Mother than a Youth to match the Maiden - 
but I don't figure that England's neolithic inhabitants were half as 
interested in labelling things and sorting them into little boxes as I 
am! 

Perhaps it's my own rebellion against my Catholic upbringing coming 
through, but one of my favorite things about Paganism is its generous 
room for all forms of ecstasy, even that not bought (or equated!) with 
pain and terror. This brings to mind the little booklet that comes with 
the Tierra/Cantin Herbal Tarot and its interpretation of the Five of 
Cups: "Preoccupation with loss, at the expense of recognition of one's 
true assets and powers. Negativity. The idea that it isn't real unless 
it hurts!" (For what it's worth, that's not how I usually read the Five 
of Cups, but it's an interesting idea.) Anyway, I appreciate the modern 
Craft's equal embracing of "rigorous and demanding" practices alongside 
practices that are less so. The "divisiveness" that non-Craft people see 
as our greatest weakness is the diversity that is our true strength! I 
would guess that your conflicts with folk overly concerned with 
"political correctitude" might be a regional phenomenon. What are your 
thoughts on this? My geographic guessing has gotten me into trouble 
before... 

When I was a Catholic, baptism was my favorite sacrament - it meant to 
me, "You are a child of God, despite the fact that you're only human and 
make human mistakes." It seemed like the last surviving remnant of early 
Christianity's assurances against the modern Church's hierarchical 
obsession with "qualification." Oh, well, they tried. I also read 
somewhere the theory that Christianity as currently practiced is a 
religion aimed at emotional toddlers - "Do as you're told, or I'll hurt 
you!" 

I know a lot of writers who "like" characters because they're bad in the 
sense that villains give life to a story, rather than in the sense that 
they'd want to spend time around the characters themselves. For a vivid 
and entertaining glimpse of Robert de Rainault's horrific childhood, see 
A Sherwood Carol by H. L. Avry in Albion 4. 

The ability to empty oneself for divine possession as an inborn gift 
rather than as an ability acquired through training - well, that's up to 
the individual writer, but my personal preference in RoS fiction runs 
the other way. A big part of the Merries' appeal for me is their taking 
the part of the "ordinary" folk, thus reminding everyone that no one is 
inherently better than another. Again, I guess this is personal. Also, I 
thought that the whole point of a deity expressing him/herself through a 
possessed person was to make use of that person's advantages, not to 
cancel them out entirely. If I were a deity who wanted to manifest in my 
pure form, I'd just do it, and to heck with mortal husks! 

Wow, it seems that all I can do is disagree. I also think that a 
religious skeptic would hear Herne's voice LOUD AND CLEAR if it would 
serve the Balance. I consider Tuck's devotion to his friends far 
stronger than the insistence on mindless Faith advocated by the Church 
against which he rebelled, and his love for the honest people of England 
the source of his persistence. I read Raven's letter in Issue 5 to mean 
that RoS fan writers sometimes erroneously interpreted Robert's 
vulnerability as portrayed in the series as the weakness of a "spineless 
weepy adolescent." 

Yes! Guy as the Chariot is perfect. Likewise Will as the Knight of 
Swords. 

Robert's drive to prove himself through sacrifice is so far from the 
surface that I never saw it at all! He only acce

  
pted Herne's summons 
long enough to rescue Marion and the band, then went back to Huntingdon 
until the Call became undeniable. I see Robert as much easier on himself 
than your sacrificial/ascetic description would imply, and able to love 
strangers precisely because of his love for himself. 

***** for Woolley's Guinevere trilogy. She's realistic, and gives the 
power of Rumor in an age of uncertain communication its creative due. 
She pays attention to detail without becoming tedious, and has a solid 
understanding of the ideological conflicts facing a culturally divided 
Britain. And Guinevere's musings are often so simultaneously grand and 
well-rooted that their beauty merits tears of joy. 

Human Queens are mortal. The way I've most often seen them deal with the 
matter of being representative of the unbroken Cycle in fiction is 
through daughters. It seems to me that the discrepancy between the King 
dying in his prime and the Queen growing old gracefully may be related 
to men's comparatively limited sexual peak, and may have been set into 
human tradition back when progeny was one's only assurance that one 
would live past age 35. 

Might as well print it all now - the size of this publication is 
increasing exponentially enough!  But thanks for the offer. Blessed be. 

 
Julie - You've read Branagh's autobiography, you tell me: Does the man 
ever sleep? Now that Nancy Hutchins is away at school, I feel a bit of a 
freak at 5'9". Where's Jane Jackman when you need her? She's one sweet 
person, and everyone was totally psyched when she won brunch with Clive 
at Visions '91. 

There's a real poetic potential for the Arrow as the working class' 
counterpart for the nobility's Grail. The nobility receives the fruits 
of the people's effort; the farmers work during the day while the 
nobles' schemes are hatched in the bedroom as often as not; the common 
folk multiply and die at a phenomenal rate compared to the enduring 
upper class...  Lovely idea! 

I just read that my name (spelled "Hylde") can also mean "elder-tree," a 
tree sacred to the Goddess in her Mother aspect. All kinds of tasty 
foods and useful medicines come from the various parts of Her body. The 
elder tree is sacred to Holda (!) and is often the home of forest 
spirits. (Thanks to Ellen Evert Hopman again.) Like myself, the elder 
tree likes streams and swamps, and is quite comfortable in the 
mountains. Are there any more tree-names out there?  Laura is one, I 
know, for the Laurel of Victory and Honor; and if I recall correctly 
"Eric" means "plum" in Hebrew. 

Wyvern - I don't see Marion as Guinevere. I'm just glad there are so 
many legends, so we don't have to try to make them all fit one mold! I 
like the idea of her representing an aspect of Herne (local version), or 
of Marion and Herne both being aspects of the same power (global 
version).  Earthly representatives of divinity - but hey, who isn't? 

What's this "ignorant" business? Can we please keep name-calling out of 
these pages? Not to mention lying! 

I read somewhere that a white cat represents either death or the spirit 
of a dead person in Ireland. Cath? Tara? Any takers? Modern-day Witches 
sometimes favor black cats because, like black robes, they absorb 
energy. Hmm - does this mean that if I want to stop acting so manic in 
Circle, I should make myself a white robe? I think green or brown for 
grounding would be good, too. (The Lady just gave me a gorgeous blue 
one. The ocean is blue; emotions and the subconscious are often 
associated with the color blue. Perhaps I have options besides 
intellectualism to pursue?) 

The Merrie Women in Turmoil: "Find your own rags! You're the one who 
made the pennyroyal bug repellent!" I don't know quite how you'd set it 
up (kill Robert???) but I'd be interested in reading a story about 
Marion leading the Merries! You're right about the fuzzy wuzzums. I read 
one Elfquest book and loved it. 

Morgana - I think there's a big difference between Morgwyn's systematic 
summoning of Lucifer for a specific purpose and the apish photo-negative 
of Catholicism referred to as the "Black Mass." Your theoretical rebel 
rabbis would be doing something more like the latter, if they were to 
call Lilith the Child-Strangler but not Lilith the Self Within Herself 
and the Namer of Names. Of course, such splitting of a goddess would be 
magically more difficult and theologically more convoluted than invoking 
Jehovah's already-established mirror opposite! An interesting note on 
Lilith the Child-Strangler: The Zohar tells that this office of 
destroying imperfect children, which she performed with such relish, was 
conferred upon her by God. Talk about a scary be-a-good-child-or-else 
horror story! 

More meanderings on the dualistic "he-did-it!" splitting up of 
archetypes: I believe it's in the Netherlands that St. Nicholas, on his 
yearly gift-giving visits to good children, was traditionally 
accompanied by a fellow named Black Peter who would (at least threaten 
to) beat the bad children. Black Peter! How's that for a demonization of 
our Man in Black, he of the anatomical monicker? Now, I do seem to 
remember someone who went abroad at the Winter Solstice, "dressed all in 
fur from his head to his foot," but his gift was somewhat more permanent 
than a train set... 

Janet V. - Gavin and Yvonne Frost recently told me (THUD! Sorry, will 
someone please pick up those names?) that the Benandanti of Italy were 
those who had been born with cauls. Their job was to travel astrally at 
night, and to do battle with rowan branches against evil ones who 
countered with sorghum. The Inquisition didn't know quite what to do 
with them, since they were battling what seemed to be the forces of 
evil, but did forbid the carrying of rowan branches in public 
procession. 

Woodswalker - Well, maybe some day enough of us will live close enough 
together that we can get really conversant with each other's magical 
selves, cease to need visual and verbal cues to align our intentions, 
and simply get together and celebrate our beliefs. I look forward to 
that!  But we've already seen enough of people guessing that, since 
they're not "initiated," they might not have a place in our magical 
circle. We can counteract that impression with simple forms, without 
compromising feeling. When there's some sort of ritual progression, 
people know that they're doing what they're "supposed" to do and not 
"messing it up for everybody."  Ritual isn't just a set of empty motions 
or a crutch - it has its own power, and plenty of it.  It's just 
something that, like pistachio ice cream, works better for some people 
than for others. 

Your description of "true religion" and the deer at Valley Forge park 
really hit home. I'd like to hear some similar vig-netties from some 
more of our Cousins, especially since I had a lovely one just yesterday! 
I was sorting the long-neglected recyclables for dropoff, and decided to 
dig through all the nasties between the refrigerator and the wall to get 
out all the paper bags.  Well, I got them all out, and spotted something 
else down there that I'd never seen before - an old plastic placemat 
with a picture of Mockingbird, my spirit guide, on it! And as I loaded 
the stuff into the car, who was sitting in the top of a fir tree singing 
her heart out but Mockingbird herself! I love being Pagan... 

I can't speak for anyone else, but when I make a plot suggestion in 
Cousins, it's up for grabs! 

Yes, I agree that there are probably more Robert stories precisely 
because his situation is so problematic. There are so many facets of his 
life to choose from! Likewise, maybe Loxley is pitted against villains 
and supernatural phenomena so often because he's already centered in his 
situation, having come to Sherwood with nothing to lose. Loxley as a 
character doesn't present us with as many easy jumping-off points for 
plots, and we have to drag in something from outside. 

Well, now that Linda Furey's uncovered Robin's and Robert's buns, I 
guess I'll have my hands full... But to be honest, I can't take sides. I 
think they both have lovely glutei maximi, and would work Wardrobe for 
either of them any day. 

Donna: Good point about oral tradition and the "folk process" of 
individualizing and embellishing tales being so often discounted as 
evil, dirty, and false! Rather than considering modern society's near- 
instantaneous access to information a sort of hard-won "independence" 
from creative storytelling, I'd love to see both acknowledged 
separately, each in its own right.  This would include taking into 
account the journalist's advertiser-induced slant, the scientist's need 
to tailor her research to the interests of grant-making institutions, 
and the ability of the individual to sort out information from 
entertainment and enjoy each to its full, separate potential. It's like 
Kip's suggestion in Issue 6 of how to make a really powerful Tarot deck 
- celebrate the individuality of your viewpoint! 

Judi - Serpents? Okay, I'll bite... if the name Patrick means "father- 
king," could this be the dark side of our Father-King Herne? One who 
comes with nice, neat, pat, written answers instead of those infuriating 
riddles that force us to think for ourselves? Or maybe the light side, 
the daylight/surface/simplistic face of the guidance we seek; with Herne 
the more challenging and more comprehensive "starlight view" to 
Patrick's "flashlight?" (Thanks, Starhawk!) 

Another thought I'd like to snake in here: the famous Cretan ivory Snake 
Goddess statue has Her permanent residence here in Boston - and I've 
never even gone to visit! Next time one of you visits Boston, grab me by 
the pentacle and drag me to the Museum of Fine Arts. Consider it an act 
of charity. 

(Tara, where the heck is Bindings due to come out? It's a fine 
perspective on the Sheriff's attitude toward magic!) 

Any !Kung person from Africa could tell you (in a language you probably 
couldn't decipher) that being forewarned of a magical pitfall is 
anything but being forearmed. !Kung sorcerers make sure that their 
targets are well-informed of the curses being flung at them. It's an 
integral part of the magic. Thanks again, Ariel, for your suggestion of 
Jean Auel's novels: they offer an intriguing glimpse of the fate of one 
cursed in such an informative culture without having been raised to 
understand it. I think the specific volume was The Mammoth Hunters. At 
any rate, de Talmont's warning of the contents of his Book was neither 
charitable nor helpful to the haplessly nosy Sheriff! This phenomenon 
can be easily dismissed as "psychosomatic" if you're of a reductionist 
bent; but you could also look at it as a preference on the part of the 
Lady for truthfulness. Any more ideas on whether a curse is more or less 
effective if heralded, and why? 

It would probably be gratuitous and unfounded to suggest that the 
Devil's pitchfork was an attempt to demonize the working (farm) folk. I 
had heard the theory that the pitchfork was a clumsy rendition of 
Neptune/Poseidon's trident, which was neither tool nor weapon but the 
scepter of the Triple Goddess' favor. (Actually, since the Church had 
decided that singing and dancing were bad, it was a tuning fork they 
handed him... Yes, I'm making this up.) 

Had anyone else heard that the Grail was carved from a single huge 
emerald that fell from Lucifer's crown when he got evicted? Where the 
heck did I read that? Must have done wonders for the green glass 
industry, anyway. 

There are Rings of "Nine Ladies," "Nine Maidens," etc. all over the 
British Isles. It seems to be a fairly standard pattern and name for 
stone circles. 

I think Kip located Mu/Lemuria, not Atlantis, in the Pacific. 

Cath - Does this mean that an Irishwoman named Fiona is sweet but kind 
of fruity? 

Julianne - Cath Austein picked up a copy of The Seventh Sword in England 
and informs me that it's VERY expensive. What I saw of it looked 
intensely absorbing, but Linda Furey had first dibs on it from way 
back... I think I'm third on the list... Seriously, if it turns up here 
in hardback before my turn comes around, I'll just scribble another IOU 
and spare myself some trouble. My creditors are suicidally good-natured, 
as you well know... It's a tricky thing, borrowing (rather than buying) 
a book that someone you care about has played a part in producing; but 
if it's that or never read it at all, I say read. But I only say it to 
myself; this is something that each person has to figure out alone. 

I suppose it's possible that religions that stress dark vs. light 
opposition (like Christianity and Zoroastrianism) developed after entire 
cultures developed the technology necessary to pick up and go on the 
warpath, and a whole people's destiny could depend on the outcome of 
conflict; while stuff like the harmony of Yin and Yang developed where 
people were so hemmed in by geography or their technology so regionally 
focused that wars were limited to small-scale border disputes that never 
threatened the continuity of the culture as a whole. (Or as posited in 
the hilariously spurious collection of students' history-paper mistakes, 
Did You Ever Hear of the Sarah Dessert, "There were no wars in Greece 
because the mountains were so high that they couldn't climb over to see 
what their neighbors were doing.") 

I personally think that Evil exists. I think that it stems from forces 
within each individual (fear, pain, ignorance) rather than from some 
coherent external force for Evil per se. For example, I expect that 
Simon de Belleme was drugged and tortured pretty severely in the Holy 
Land, and fan writers have come up with a very clear picture of Sir 
Guy's past. This is a big part of Scarlet's appeal for me - he's the 
last holdout of free will against the things that can drive people to 
evil acts. He's seen it all, and he chooses to keep on looking (albeit 
through an ale-induced fog whenever he gets the chance). I don't like 
his brawling, but I think I know why he does it, and it's not my place 
to "forgive." That's for the guys he punches out to decide. 

Thank you for plugging my grounding technique! Although lately a lot of 
my grounds have been of the coffee variety... Blame it to ground-in 
habit, on the grounds that it's part of my background. Have I driven 
this one into the ground yet? 

One of my morning bus-mates informs me that the Antichrist is the EEC 
(European Economic Community). Depending on the preacher, I've heard 
that the Antichrist is Saddam Hussein, space aliens, television, and 
just about everything but a wart hog named Amelia (and my research has 
been anything but exhaustive). In terms of sheer mythic popularity, the 
Antichrist is about to eclipse the Devil! Lucky for us, Elvis makes them 
both look like I Love Lucy reruns. 

"To do yeoman service" means to perform above and beyond the call of 
duty. Robyn Hode and the Potter ends with "God haffe mersey on Roben 
Hodys solle, And saffe all god yemanrey!"  Apparently yeomen were well- 
appreciated members of society. 

Janet R. - A chapel to the Lady at Victoria University? And I thought we 
Bostonians were spoiled! Thank Mother, we haven't had a serious "evil 
witch" scare in years. Your Witch neighbor and his Quaker wife are a 
lovely example of "parallel evolution" of ideals in cosmologically 
divergent faiths. Quakerdom, as I understand it, is also very insistent 
on responsibility for one's actions and respect for the individual. 

Potty authors as inspirational... Perhaps another identifying trait of 
the Cousins crowd is our "separate but equal" embracing of the 
scientific and the magical. A lot of "new age" sources are now 
attempting to cram "paranormal" or "supernatural" phenomena (although 
what "beyond normal" or "outside of nature" might mean is a mystery) 
into the uncomfortable Oxford shoes of science; trying to describe 
extrasensory perception as an electrochemical alteration of the human 
nervous system or neolithic architectural precision as the product of 
extraterrestrial intervention. So far I've seen no such attempts in 
these pages to "explain away" or reduce magic to an incomplete 
understanding of other phenomena. What draws some people to magic is the 
same thing that repels others - its unquantifiable, unpredictable 
independence. (Is it any wonder so many of us get along well with cats?) 
It's that turn of the Wheel, the Lady's option to say "No" (or 
alternatively, "Sure, whatever you say!") that makes magic the province 
of risk-takers and of those who don't always want to know what's around 
the corner. Those who enjoy their television with lots of suspense, 
poetry, and leaps of faith... 

May I posit that, as Pagan festivals and customs varied from village to 
village, likewise Christian practices differed from convent to convent? 
Not only were there numerous orders of nuns and monks, there was 
probably substantial regional variation within those orders. 
Communications were spotty, travel dangerous, and anything that could 
produce a kickback zealously protected. (Your walled-up pregnant nun is 
the weirdest human sacrifice story I've heard yet! Where did you find 
that?) 

Remember Tolkien's alternate name for Anadunie, "Atalante, the 
Downfallen?" (Pardon my spelling, please - my Adunaic is worse than my 
Quendi!) 

Places named after women in Ireland: How about the Kennet River? Okay, 
maybe it's named after part of a woman (kind of like our Robin being 
named after the "generative principle...")  But only cunning folk ken 
it... My attempts to look this up uncovered the "spearhead" emblem of 
the cult of St. George, which looks like this:   I'll leave you to guess 
at Barbara Walker's interpretation. (I admit that I'm quite fond of St. 
George lately, as I got to play him recently in a mummer's play in a 
workshop on English Sacred Drama! My "girlfriend" Griselda had a 
beard...) 

"Cailleach" even sounds like Kali. 

"Pennocrucion" and "Cenn Cruach" - does this mean that whoever named the 
Pennines was trying to tell us that the Pennines are "high?" It works. 
"Pen" also links in with "penultimate" and "Pendragon" - perhaps another 
proto-Indo-European root is still hanging on here. Does this mean that a 
"pen pal" expresses the highest form of friendship? :-) 

I'd like to add Lloyd Alexander's Taran series to the list of mythically 
worthwhile children's books. Loosely based on existing Welsh tales, 
these five books chronicle world-moving events through the eyes of 
human-sized characters, and even gracefully handle their seemingly 
inevitable Miserable Depressing Ending. 

Well, if I dream of being interrupted at my prayers by someone whose jet 
and shale jewelry looks more substantial than they do, I'll let you 
know... 

Ariel: Robin going to his death with full knowledge of what he was 
getting into and being absolutely astonished that the Lady had other 
plans for him doesn't detract from the courage or selflessness of his 
Sacrifice in any way! Besides, it would be a perfect scenario for that 
lightning-quick series of expressions: "I don't get it!... Wait a 
minute... You mean I'm supposed to... Right!" As some of my less 
charitable Massachusetts neighbors might put it, "Dawn breaks over 
Marblehead..." 

I personally think that understanding of things fey is a prerequisite 
for the child of the Forest God, but (as in my previous rantings about 
Marion) that understanding need not be expressed in any traditional 
fashion. Indeed, if anything, I value such understanding more highly 
when expressed in something other than mangled Gaelic or new-age jargon. 
(Has anyone read Theodore Sturgeon's Godbody? Can anyone loan it to me, 
the Xeroxin' Fool?) Robert knew what he was doing. Whether or not he 
ever made references to "Sam Hain" or did the Maypole Boogie, he was 
chosen for his clarity of vision and his wisdom of heart. The rest is 
just gravy.  Poor beleaguered Loxley was handed the shape of his 
spiritual heritage by his peasant upbringing. If anything, Robert had 
further to go in less time, and he pulled it off without any loss of 
self. This is the beauty of the difference between the two Robins - 
Loxley is our ideal, what we would be if we had been raised to it; and 
Huntingdon is that ideal shining through a lifetime of what many of us 
would grudgingly refer to as the "Real World." 

I, too, thought that it was Herne who said "Did you really think you 
could overcome me?" at the end of The Enchantment. 

I don't think that Robin "chose to die" in The Greatest Enemy, but he 
did look at the alternatives, and, given only the options of dying or of 
letting Marion and Much die, opted to die himself. I don't consider this 
a completely selfless choice, either. Can you imagine a Robin who had 
seen Marion die? Or even Much? He would live, but he couldn't live with 
himself. It's just not a part of Loxley's innocent, idealistic 
character. I'd love to see how the more worldly Huntingdon would handle 
such a situation! 

You bet I'm an optimist. And (note shameless gloating with the advantage 
of 20-20 hindsight) WE DID IT! The spirit of Herne's Con picked up its 
antlers and relocated lock, stock, and cup of icky visionary-stuff... As 
for the gorge, I gorged myself; and I think I (for one) did a downright 
Mildred-esque impression of a waterfall a couple of times! The Lady had 
plenty of stand-ins that weekend. 

As always, I'm honored to accept your compliments. You and I may never 
agree that we agree on Robert (whatever the heck that means!) but I 
value your opinion and think you're great. 

Editor's Notes 

More Favorite RoS Quotes: 

Julie Phipps: Two for Julianne: "Pigs might fly!" and "'e's right round 
the Maypole!" Also:  "Love conquers all things" (Marion in Alan A Dale). 

Todd Parrish: "Blessed be the tie that binds!" 

Janet VanMeter: "It is enough to aim." (Herne) "You're too stupid to 
live!" (Owen of Clun) ** "Aren't you, Gisburne?" (Sheriff of Nottingham) 

Judi Kincaid: "On THAT horse???" "You are a leaf driven by wind," and 
"Don't assume anything, Gisburne, unless it is an occasional air of 
intelligence!!" 

You might have noted that this issue is chronologically or otherwise a 
mess because it was put together half before Weekend and half after. I 
crave your indulgence (stop waving that expensive scrap of paper in my 
face; that's not what I meant!) We have another reprint available: the 
ritual sequence we used at Weekend. Also, we blessed a good many 
talismans more than we needed. There are plenty left! A self-addressed 
stamped envelope will get you either or both of these items. The 
talismans physically consist of three tiny stone beads (moonstone for 
the moon, citrine for the sun, and emerald for the forest) strung 
together on triple-knotted red thread - just the thing for a power 
bundle, or to sew onto clothing or incorporate into a bit of jewelry. 
They're charged with the strength born of friendship and with our 
dedication to carry the spirit of Sherwood not only in our hearts but in 
our deeds. 

While I'm on the subject of the ritual, I'd like to thank Janet V. for 
her poetry; Cath for filling in for Kip at the last minute and giving 
the Blessing; all of our skillful readers; Donna for handling food, ice, 
and a thousand practical matters; the Room 136 gals for the space; all 
whose invaluable advice made the ritual a healing and enjoyable time; 
and everyone who attended in body or in spirit for strengthening a 
magical construct that will endure and nurture us for as long as we 
choose. I'd also like to specifically thank Mark for stopping by our 
room party despite con-induced exhaustion. You're the perfect guest. May 
we learn hostcraft sufficient to honor your courtesy! And Kip, please 
know that we craved your company as much as you did ours, and that your 
honoring of promises previously made will never sully your name as far 
as we're concerned. 

ERRATA: First, as Ariel noted: In my reply to Ariel last issue, I... 
uh... misremembered the situation of Jean Auel's character Creb. Turns 
out that the Clan of the Cave Bear was, by and large, sedentary. Second, 
Julianne informs me that IRC's (International Reply Coupons) work just 
fine, but that trying to reach the Matthews' through their publishing 
house is essentially a lost cause. I sent IRC's to the address listed in 
Cousins 6 and got a commendably speedy reply. 

Also, a reminder: we outlaws are anything but sedentary. Please recheck 
the Who We Are listing in case one of your pen-pals has moved. I'VE 
MOVED TOO, to the address shown in the bannerhead (that nifty little box 
with the "muin" in it.) The Who We Are section is now semi- 
alphabetical, but be sure to check roommate and spouse names. You may 
have noticed that I've reformatted the Who We Are section in the 
interest of saving space (and postage) - we're growing by leaps and 
bounds! I don't want to delete the section, as it requires such frequent 
updating; but if your "self-description" blurb is long and has been 
printed several times, please let me know if I can delete or shorten it. 
Consider it your own little Saxon rebellion against the Post Awful. 

Julie Phipps wisely suggested that I run HTV's address here, in case any 
of you had questions regarding Robin of Sherwood (miniseries prospects, 
videotape availability, movie possibilities, anything!). Remember, while 
"network executive" may not be something you'd want people to call your 
sister, they have a job to do: they have to determine what sells, what 
people want to see. So, write: 	 
HTV Limited 	 
The Television Centre 	 
Bath Road 	 
Bristol BS4 3HG 	 
ENGLAND 
or even call them at 02-72-778366 
(Cousin Julie doesn't miss a thing!) 

Anglophiles, take note: I just devoured Martha Rofheart's novel about 
Henry V, Fortune Made His Sword, and would recommend it to anyone who's 
ever enjoyed a romance. (Ariel, it's well worth the time you haven't 
got!) It's emotionally rich without being vapid, and Rofheart takes 
great pains to build her characters detail by detail until you really 
get to know them. There's lots of gore, but it's mostly kept offscreen, 
and the narrating parties don't like it very much.  Henry himself is 
depicted as cunning only in his contemporaries' eyes; his own parts of 
the tale are told in the voice of a blunt and straightforward man driven 
by duty and his desire to excel.  The description of Agincourt is just 
incredible. Check this one out (literally - it came out a while ago, and 
would best be sought in a library). 

Found another one! The Story of Robin Hood and His Merry Men by John 
Finnemore (first printed in 1909, my copy 1946) is a selection from 
"Black's Boys' and Girls' Library" that portrays Robin as an upstart 
yeoman who is later granted the Earldom of Huntingdon by his idol and 
admirer King Richard. Its color plates seem to be taken from 
watercolors, and though they look a bit out-of-focus, they're 
attractive, well-composed, and convey action effectively. (The one of 
Little John dressed as a bishop to marry Allan-A-Dale is a scream!) The 
writing style is adorable: "With that Little John stepped forward and 
caught the dumb man by the ear and nipped him shrewdly with finger and 
thumb so that the dumb man yelled with the pain and found his tongue by 
a miracle, and began to call Little John very bad names." This one was 
well worth being gentle with the brittle, yellowed pages and forbearing 
numerous references to the "North Countree." Finnemore quotes the old 
ballads often, minus swears and spelling mistakes, and goes out of his 
way to impart a sense of wholesome mischief. 

Curiouser and curiouser: Without Robin of Sherwood, television has lost 
a lot of its charm for me, but my sweetheart still switches it on now 
and then. A while back he came across a guy named Gore, yelling and 
ranting as though he thought he was Will Scarlet. And the stuff he was 
saying! "...And just as the false assumption that we are not connected 
to the earth has led to the ecological crisis, so the equally false 
assumption that we are not connected to each other has led to our social 
crisis. Even worse, the evil and mistaken assumption that we have no 
connection to those generations preceding us or those who will follow us 
has led to the crisis of values we face today." He talks too much, but I 
had to admit that he had an interesting point of view. 

Iconography et al: I recently met a wonderful Witch named Rosemary 
Kooiman who wore her pentacle point-down. I asked her why this was. 
First, she said, point-down is for grounding.  Also, in the tradition 
which she joined in the early or mid-sixties, the five points of the 
regular, right-side-up pentacle symbolized (deosil, starting at the 
leftmost) Father, Son, Holy Ghost, Lord, and Lady; and flipping it 
upside down put the Lord and Lady on top; so it was a matter of respect. 
You just never know! 

NEWS FLASH! I recently received a lovely note from a woman named Mary 
Jupp, explaining that she found my address in a copy of the Loxley Times 
(I'm NOT making this up) and asked that I pass on some exciting tidings: 
Excalibur '93, a convention slated for next August 13-15 at Canterbury 
University in Kent, will feature not only RoS but Blakes 7, Garrisons 
Gorillas, and Young Riders. She promises "fancy dress, sports, scavenger 
hunt, videos, guests, and much more." Curious? Write: 	 
Mary Jupp 	 
19 Chester Avenue 	 
Bethersden, Nr. Ashford 	 
Kent TN26 3BN 	 
ENGLAND Please send two IRC's (or a SASE if you're in England). INSERT 
TIME WARP HERE: Aha! In response to my inquiry, Mary tells me that the 
Loxley Times is "...run by Rowena Sayer and a friend of hers. It is 
basically a newsletter, no fiction, just updating R.O.S. and other Robin 
Hood fans on what the cast is up to these days. It also does reports on 
TV and films which they have been in. It is very interesting and... 
really very informative. The address is: 	 
Loxley Times 	 
c/o Rowena Sayer 	 
111 Farndale Ave. 	 
Palmers Green 	 
London N13 5AJ "Secondly, I myself [this is still Mary talking] run a TV 
Fanzine which features stories written on several TV shows. We have 
printed some R.O.S. stuff but are currently trying to accumulate enough 
fiction to do a R.O.S. special. If anyone is interested in either the 
fanzine or R.O.S. special, they can get further details by sending 
I.R.C. to my address." Wow! In addition, Mary is a particularly keen 
Mark Ryan fan, and looks to be a key contact for British RoS fandom. 

Once again, the ritual sequence we ended up using at Weekend is 
available as a reprint. Another new addition to the reprint file is the 
pamphlet What is the Henge of Keltria and What is Neo- Pagan Druidism? 
from the Henge of Keltria in Minneapolis. Yes, folks, there's more to 
druidism in America than ADF! Send a SASE if you're interested. 

If anyone doesn't have D.J. Conway's Celtic Magic and wants a copy of 
their own, Darlene Veghts has graciously contributed an extra that she 
found in the process of moving. Just send postage (not tons, it's a 
small paperback) and it's yours. First request gets it. 

Once again, let me introduce you to Smiley :-) (or (-: for you leftist 
Saxon scum). Smiley is a great way top off your witty bits of irony, 
snippets of sarcasm, or any of those other clever little turns of phrase 
that lose so much without their accompanying facial and vocal 
expressions. Like Julianne's "*giggle*," Smiley reminds anyone who reads 
their mail way too late at night [such as your not-so-humble Editor] 
that there's only so much you can do with the written word, and that 
those brilliant barbs are actually suction-cup arrows. 

A late-breaking tidbit for those interested in Morgana's Merrie Women 
idea: Tree of Life 4 is open to any medium with a Robin Hood theme. If 
they'll take Toto (or whatever you call that guy from Kansas), your 
Green Woman should have no trouble establishing her Sherwood reign under 
this Tree. Contact Todd Parrish (see Who We Are). Do I smell a serial? 
(Without nasty little green bits stuck to it?) 

Well, it's almost as late in the night as it is in the month, but here 
we are! Many thanks for your patience, your magic, your friendship, and 
all of those lovely gifts from the Lady that you have every right to 
claim credit for yourself. A gift is nothing until it's accepted, and 
acceptance of the Goddess' choice of gifts is an art we're developing 
every day. Thank you, whose fingers spin Her thread. Thank you.